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- •Flutarnide trials for the treatment of CaP.
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- •Case report of prolonged night-blindness with oral anti-androgen usage.
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- ••Case study definitively showed noadvantage of combined androgen deprivation.
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- •Animal study showing tumour suppression using intermittent androgen deprivation.
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- •Case reports of flutamide withdrawal.
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- •Case reports of flutamide withdrawal.
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- •Case reports of flutamide withdrawal.
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- ••Randomised clinical trial comparingimmediate androgen deprivation versus observation.
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- ••Case report of patients given immediateandrogen deprivation for lymph node positive disease after RE
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- •Arguments for and against the usage of immediate androgen deprivation.
- FELDMAN BJ AND FELDMAN D: The development of androgen-independent prostate cancer. Nature Rev (2001) 1:34–44.
- •Review of the mechanisms possible for androgen deprivation.
- BLOCKARD CE, BYARS BP, JORDAN WP: Orchiectomy for advanced prostate carcinoma. A reevaluation. Urology (1973) 1:553.
- •VACURG studies of androgen deprivation.
- BYARS DP: The veterans administration cooperative Urological research group studies of cancer of the prostate. Cancer (1973) 32:1126.
- •VACURG studies using diethylstilbestrol for immediate versus delayed androgen deprivation for the treatment of advanced CaP.
- CHRISTENSEN MM, AAGAARD J, MADSEN PO: Reasons for delay of endocrine treatment in cancer of the prostate (until symptomatic metastases occur). Frog. Clin. Biol. Res. (1990) 359:4–24.
- ••Critical review of the VACURG studies.
- THE MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL PROSTATE CANCER WORKING PARTY INVESTIGATORS GROUP: Immediate versus deferred treatment for advanced prostatic cancer: initial results of the Medical Research Council. Br. J. Um]. (1997) 79:235–246.
- ••Medical Research Council studycomparing immediate versus delayed androgen deprivation for the treatment of advanced CaP.
- BOLLA M: Cancer of the prostate: therapeutic trials in 1985. Bull Cancer (1986) 73:74–80.
- •EORTC trials of neoadjuvant androgen deprivation in radiotherapy for CaP. Expert Op/n. Pharmacother. (2002) 3(6)
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- •EORTC trials of LHRH agonists with radiotherapy for CaP.
- GUPTA S, SRIVASTARA M, AHMAD N et al.: Overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 in human prostate adenocarcinoma. Prostate (2000) 42:73–78.
- ••Landmark study showing theoverexpression of COX-2 in CaP.
- TJANDRAWMATA RR, HUGHES-FULFORD M: Upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 by-product prostaglandin E2. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. (1997) 407:163–170.
- •Upregulation of COX-2 causes the upregulation of PGE2.
- LIU XH, YAO S, KIRSCHENBAUM A et al.: NS398, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, induces apoptosis and downregulates bc1-2 expression in LNCaP cells. Cancer Res. (1998) 58:4245–4249.
- ••Important basic science showing therelationship between COX-2 and bc/-2 expression.
- BONKHOFF H, FIXEMER T, REMBERGER K: Relationship between bc1-2, cell proliferation and the androgen receptor status in prostate tissue and precursors of prostate cancer. Prostate (1998) 34:251–258.
- •Effects of bc/-2expression and cell apoptosis in CaP.
- LIU XH, KIRSCHENBAUM A, YAO S et al.: Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 suppresses angiogenesis and growth of prostate cancer in vivo. Urol. (2000) 164:820–825.
- •Experimental evidence linking COX-2 inhibition to decreased angiogenesis.
- LOPRINZI CL, SLOAN JA, PEREZ EA et al.: Phase III evaluation of fluoxetine for treatment of hot flashes. J. Clin. Oncol (2002) 20(6):1578–1583.
- HARRINGTON KJ, SPITZWEG C, BATEMAN AR et al.: Gene therapy for prostate cancer: current status and future prospects. Urol. (2001) 166: 1220–1233.
- •Review of gene therapy in the treatment of CaP.
- ZANG WW: Development and application of adenoviral vectors for gene therapy of cancer. Cancer Gene Then (1999) 6:113.
- •Adenoviral vectors used for CaP gene therapy.
- CURIEL DT: Strategies to adapt adenoviral vectors for targeted delivery. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. (1999) 886:158
- FINK DJ, GLORIOSO JC: Engineering herpes simplex virus vectors for gene transfer to neurons. Nat. Med. (1997) 3:357.
- •HSV vectors used for CaP gene therapy.
- PUHLMAN M, BROWN CK, GRANT M et al.: M vaccinia as a vector for tumour directed gene therapy: biodistribution of a thymidine kinase-deleted mutant. Cancer Gene Then (2000) 7:66.
- •M vaccinia viral vectors used for CaP gene therapy.
- HUBER PE, PFISTERER P: In vitro and in vivo transfection of plasmid DNA in the Dunning prostate tumour R3327-AT1 is enhanced by focused ultrasound. Gene Ther. (2000) 7:1516.
- •Experimental modal of gene transfection in the Dunning model.
- FYNAN EF, WEBSTER RG, FULLER DH et al.: DNA vaccines: protective immunizations by parenteral, mucosal and gene inoculations. Proc. Nati Acad. Sci. (1993) 90:11478.
- •Use of DNA vaccines in gene therapy.
- FELGNER PL, GADEL TR, HOLM M et al.: Lipofection: a highly efficient, lipid-mediated DNA-transfection procedure. Proc. Nati Acad. Sci. (1987) 84:7413.
- •Article describes liposomal transfection of DNA into cells.
- LI S, HUANG L: Nonviral gene therapy: promises and challenges. Gene Ther. (2000) 7:31.
- •Article that describes alternative methods of gene transfection into cells without the usage of viral vectors.
- MURPHY GP, TJOA BA, SIMMONS SJ et al.: Phase II prostate cancer vaccine trial: report involving 37 patients with disease recurrence following primary treatment. Prostate (1999) 39:54–59.
- ••Irnmunotherapy trial showing a responsein patients using pulsed dendritic cells.
- PEGRAM MD, LIPTON A, HAYES DF et al.: Phase II study of receptor-enhanced chemosensitivity using recombinant humanized antip185Her-2/neu monoclonal antibodies and cisplatin in patients with Her-2/neu overexpressing metastatic breast cancer refractory to chemotherapy treatment. Clin. Onc. (1998) 16 (8):2659–2671.
- •Herceptin usage in metastatic cancer.
- ISRAELI RS, POWELL CT, FAIR WR et al.: Molecular cloning of a complementary DNA encoding a prostate-specific membrane antigen. Cancer Res. (1993) 53 (2):227–230.
- •PSMA isolation, characterisation and cloning.
- WRIGHT GL, GROB BM, HALEY C et al.: Upregulation of prostate-specific membrane antigen after androgen deprivation therapy. Urology (1996) 48(2):326–334.
- •Experimental evidence of upregulation of PSMA in advanced CaP.
- LIU H, MOY P, KIM S et al.: Monoclonal antibodies to the extracellular domain of prostate-specific membrane antigen also react with tumour vascular endothelium. Cancer Res. (1997) 57(17):3629–3634.
- •Experimental evidence of the antiturnour effects of monoclonal PSMA antibodies used to treat CaP.