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Review

The lipid formulations of amphotericin B

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Pages 1277-1287 | Published online: 02 Mar 2005

Bibliography

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  • •A case series suggesting the utility of lipid formulations of amphotericin B and surgery in treating zygomycete infections.
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  • ••The only large randomized trial comparinga lipid formulation of amphotericin B and Amphotericin B in invasive aspergillosis.
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  • •A demonstration in a double blind study of the high frequency of infusion-related events following therapy with ABCD.
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  • ••A randomised, comparative trial of ABLCand amphotericin B in invasive candidiasis. Unfortunately this abstract never turned into a publication.
  • SHARKEY PK, GRAYBILL JR, JOHNSON ES et al.: Amphotericin B lipid complex compared with amphotericin B in the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in patients with AIDS. Clin. Infect. Dis. (1996) 22(2):315–321.
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  • HAY RJ: Liposomal amphotericin B, AmBisome. Infect. (1994) 28\(Suppl. 1):35–43.
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  • TOLLEMAR J, RINGDEN 0, TYDEN G: Liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) treatment in solid organ and bone marrow transplant recipients: efficacy and safety evaluation. Clin. Transplant. (1990) 4(3):167–175.
  • RINGDEN 0, MEUNIER F, TOLLEMAR J et al.: Efficacy of amphotericin B encapsulated in liposomes (AmBisome) in the treatment of invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised patients. Antimicrob. Chemothec (1991) 28(Suppl. B):73–82.
  • PRENTICE HG, HANN IM, HERBRECHT R et al.: A randomized comparison of liposomal versus conventional amphotericin B for the treatment of pyrexia of unknown origin in neutropenic patients. Br. J. Haematol (1997) 98(3):711–718.
  • •Comparative study showing a better tolerance of liposomal amphotericin B in the empirical therapy of febrile neutropenia and suggesting an improved efficacy.
  • WALSH TJ, FINBERG RW, ARNDT C et al.: Liposomal amphotericin B for empirical therapy in patients with persistent fever and neutropenia. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group. N Engl. I Med. (1999) 340(10):764–771.
  • ••A large, doubl-blind, randomised studythat demonstrated the superiority of liposomal amphotericin B over amphotericin B in the empirical therapy of suspected fungal infections in neutropenic patients.
  • WALSH TJ, PAPPAS P, WINSTON DJ et al.: Voriconazole compared with liposomal amphotericin B for empirical antifungal therapy in patients with neutropenia and persistent fever. N Engl. .1. Med. (2002) 346(4):225–234.
  • ••This study failed to demonstrate non-inferiority of voriconazole compared to liposomal amphotericin B in the empirical therapy of febrile neutropenia and underlines the difficulties of choosing the appropriate end points.
  • FISCHER T, HEUSSEL G, HUBER C: Liposomal amphotericin B for fever and neutropenia. N Engl. I Med. (1999) 341(15):1152–1155.
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  • WINGARD JR, WHITE MH, ANAISSIE E, RAFFALLI J, GOODMAN J, ARRIETA A: A randomized, double-blind comparative trial evaluating the safety of liposomal amphotericin B versus amphotericin B lipid complex in the empirical treatment of febrile neutropenia. L Amph/ABLC Collaborative Study Group. Clin. Infect. Dis (2000) 31(5):1155–1163.
  • ••A head-to-head comparison of liposomalamphotericin B and ABLC demonstrating the differences in tolerance between the two agents.
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  • •An underpowered study suggesting an increased efficacy of liposomal amphotericin B over amphotericin B in documented fungal infections.
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  • •Provides a demonstration that liposomal amphotericin B is effective in first-line therapy of invasive aspergillosis.
  • TOLLEMAR J, HOCKERSTEDT K, ERICZON BG, JALANKO H, RINGDEN 0: Liposomal amphotericin B prevents invasive fungal infections in liver transplant recipients. A randomized, placebo-controlled study. Transplantation (1995) 59(1):45–50.
  • TOLLEMAR J, RINGDEN 0, ANDERSSON S et al.: Prophylactic use of liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) against fungal infections: a randomized trial in bone marrow transplant recipients. Transplant. Proc. (1993) 25(1 Pt 2):1495–1497.
  • KELSEY SM, GOLDMAN JM, MCCANN S et al: Liposomal amphotericin (AmBisome) in the prophylaxis of fungal infections in neutropenic patients: a randomised, double-blind, placebo- controlled study. Bone Marrow Transplant. (1999) 23(2):163–168.
  • TOLLEMAR J, RINGDEN 0, ANDERSSON S, SUNDBERG B, LJUNGMAN P, TYDEN G: Randomized double-blind study of liposomal amphotericin B (Ambisome) prophylaxis of invasive fungal infections in bone marrow transplant recipients. Bone Marrow Transplant. (1993) 12(6):577–582.
  • TOLLEMAR J, HOCKERSTEDT K, ERICZON BG, JALANKO H, RINGDEN 0: Prophylaxis with liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) prevents fungal infections in liver transplant recipients: long-term results of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Transplant. Proc. (1995) 27(1):1195–1198.
  • DAVIDSON RN, DI MARTINO L, GRADONI L et al: Short-course treatment of visceral leishmaniasis with liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome). Clin. Infect. Dis. (1996) 22(6):938–943.
  • MEYERHOFF A: US Food and Drug Administration approval of AmBisome (liposomal amphotericin B) for treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. Clin. Infect. Dis. (1999) 28(1):42–48.
  • WALSH TJ, GOODMAN JL, PAPPAS P et al.: Safety, tolerance, and pharmacokinetics of high-dose liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) in patients infected with Aspergillus species and other filamentous fungi: maximum tolerated dose study. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother: (2001) 45(12):3487–3496.
  • ••Provides a demonstration that higher dosesof liposomal amphotericin B can be administered safely.
  • LUKE RG, BOYLE JA: Renal effects of amphotericin B lipid complex. Am. Kidney Dis. (1998) 31(5):780–785.
  • TIPHINE M, LETSCHER-BRU V, HERBRECHT R: Amphotericin B and its new formulations: pharmacologic characteristics, clinical efficacy, and tolerability. Transpl. Infect. Dis. (1999) 1(4):273–283.
  • GALLAGHER JC, DODDS ASHLEY ES,DREW RH, PERFECT JR: Antifungal pharmacotherapy for invasive mould infections. Expert. Opin. Pharmacether: (2003) 4(2):147–164.
  • •An extensive review of the current therapeutic strategies for mould infections.
  • CAGNONI PJ, WALSH TJ, PRENDERGAST MM et al.: Pharmacoeconomic analysis of liposomal amphotericin B versus conventional amphotericin B in the empirical treatment of persistently febrile neutropenic patients. .1. Clin. Once]. (2000) 18(12):2476–2483
  • ••The only pharmacoeconomic analysis ofliposomal amphotericin B use in the empirical treatment of febrile neutropenia. This analysis is based on the trial reported in [48].

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