101
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Pharmacotherapy of postpartum depression: current practice and future directions

&
Pages 1999-2005 | Published online: 03 Oct 2005

Bibliography

  • ISHAK WW, RAPAPORT MH, GOTTO JG: Emerging treatment options in treatment-resistant depression and anxiety disorders. CNS Spectr. (2004) 9(14):25–32.
  • WEISSMAN M, OLFSON M: Depression in women: implications for health care research. Science (1995) 269:799–801.
  • O'HARA M, SWAIN A: Rates and risk of post-partum depression - a meta-analysis. Int. Rev. Psychiatry (1996) 8:37–54.
  • MURRAY L, COOPER P: Postpartum depression and child development. Psychol Med. (1997) 27:253–260.
  • AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION: In: Text Revision. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edn). American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC (2000).
  • CHAUDRON L: Postpartum depression: what pediatricians need to know. Pediatr. Rev. (2003) 24:154–160.
  • DENNIS CL: Can we identify mothers at-risk for postpartum depression in the immediate postpartum period using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale? J. Affect. Disord. (2004) 78:163–169.
  • WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION: Tenth revision of the International Classification of Disease, Chapter V (F): Mental and Behavioural Disorders (including disorders of psychological development). Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostical Guidelines. Geneva, World Health Organization (1991).
  • COX JL, DECLAN M, CHAMAN G: A controlled study of the onset, duration and prevalence of postnatal depression. Br. J. Psychiatry (1993) 163:27–31.
  • COPPEN A: The biochemistry of affective disorders. Br. J. Psychiatry (1967) 113:1237–1264.
  • LAPIN IP, OXENKRUG GF: Intensification of the central serotonergic processes as a possible determinant of the thymoleptic effect. Lancet (1969)1:132–136.
  • SLATTERY DA, HUDSON AL, NUTT DJ: Invited review: the evolution of antidepressant mechanisms. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol. (2004) 18:1–21.
  • LOGSDON MC, WISNER KL, HANUSA BH, PHILLIPS A: Role functioning and symptom remission in women with postpartum depression after antidepressant treatment. Arch. Psychiatr. Nurs. (2003) 17:276–283.
  • STOWE ZN, CASARELLA J, LANDRY J,NEMEROFF CB: Sertraline in the treatment of women with postpartum major depression. Depression (1995) 3:49–55.
  • SURI R, BURT VK, ALTSHULER LL, ZUCKERBROW-MILLER J, FAIRBANKS L: Fluvoxamine for postpartum depression. Am. J. Psychiatry (2001) 158:1739–1740.
  • KENDELL RE, CHALMERES JC, PLATZ C: Epidemiology of puerperal psychoses. Br. J. Psychiatry (1987) 150:662–673.
  • YONKERS KA, RAMIN SM, RUSH AJ et al.: Onset and persistence of postpartum depression in an inner-city maternal health clinic system. Am. J. Psychiatry (2001) 158:1856–1863.
  • MACQUEEN G, CHOKKA P: Special issues in the management of depression in women. Can. J. Psychiatry (2004) 49(1):27–40.
  • WISNER KL, PEREL JM, PEINDL KS, HANUSA BH, FINDLING RL, RAPPORT DJ: Prevention of recurrent postpartum depression: a randomized clinical trial. Clin. Psychiatry (2001) 62:82–86.
  • WISNER KL, PEREL JM, PEINDL KS, HANUSA BH, PIONTEK CM, FINDLING RL: Prevention of postpartum depression: a pilot randomized clinical trial. Am. J. Psychiatry (2004) 161:1290–1292.
  • WISNER KL, PARRY BL, PIONTEK CM: Clinical practice; postpartum depression. N Engl. J. Med. (2002) 347:194–199.
  • ANDERSON IM, NUTT DJ, DEAKIN JWF: Evidence-based guidelines for treating depressive disorders with antidepressants: a revision of the 1993 British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines. Psychopharmacol (2000) 14:3–20.
  • ••An excellent review of pharmacology ofdepressive disorders.
  • APPLEBY L, WARNER R, WHITTON A, FARAGHER B: A controlled study of fluoxetine and cognitive-behavioral counseling in the in the treatment of postnatal depression. Br. Med. J. (1997) 314:932–936.
  • •This trial demonstrated an efficacy of fluoxetine and cognitive-behavioural therapy for non-psychotic depression in postnatal women.
  • MISRI S, REEBYE P, CORRAL M et al.: The use of paroxetine and cognitive-behavioral therapy in postpartum depression and anxiety: a randomized controlled trial. J. Clin. Psychiatry (2004) 65:1236–1241.
  • SANZ EJ, DE-LAS-CUEVAS C, KIURU A, BATE A, EDWARDS R: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in pregnant women and neonatal withdrawal syndrome: a database analysis. Lancet (2005) 365:482–487.
  • ••Recent data analysis suggesting a neonatalwithdrawal syndrome following SSRIs exposure in utero.
  • NULMAN I, ROVET J, STEWART DE et al.: Neurodevelopment of children exposed in utero to antidepressant drugs. N Engl. J. Med. (1997) 4:258–262.
  • HEIKKINEN T, EKBLAD U, KERO P et al.: Citalopram in pregnancy and lactation. Clin. PharmacoL Ther. (2002) 2:184–191.
  • SIMON GE, CUNNINGHAM ML, DAVIS RL: Outcomes of prenatal antidepressant exposure. Am. J. Psychiatry (2002) 12:2055–2061.
  • CASPER RC, FLEISHER BE, LEE-ANCAJAS JC et al.: Follow-up of children of depressed mothers exposed or not exposed to antidepressant drugs during pregnancy. J. Pediatr. (2003) 4:402–408.
  • IQBAL MM, SOBHAN T, RYALS T: Effects of commonly used benzodiazepines on the fetus, the neonate, and the nursing infant. Psychiatr. Serv. (2002) 53:39–49.
  • LLEWELLYN A, STOWE ZN: Psychotropic medications in lactation. Clin. Psychiatry (1998) 59\(Suppl. 2):41–52.
  • LUNDMARK J, REIS M, BENGTSSON F: Therapeutic drug monitoring of sertraline: variability factors as displayed in a clinical trials. Ther. Drug. Monit. (2000) 22:446–454.
  • YOSHIDA K, SMITH B, CRAGGS M et al.: Fluoxetine in breast-milk and developmental outcome of breast-fed infants. Br. J. Psychiatry (1998) 172:175–178.
  • BRENT NB, WISNER KL: Fluoxetine and carbamazepine concentrations in a nursing mother/infant pair. Clin. Pediatr. (1998) 1:41–44.
  • STOWE ZN, COHEN LS, HOSTETTER A et al.: Paroxetine in human breast milk and nursing infants. Am. J. Psychiatry (2000) 2:185–189.
  • WISNER KL, PEREL JM, BLUMER J: Serum sertraline and N-desmethylsertraline levels in breast-feeding mother-infant pairs. Am. J. Psychiatry (1998) 5:690–692.
  • NEWPORT DJ, STOWE ZN: Clinical management of perinatal depression; focus on paroxetine. Psychopharmacol Bull. (2003) 37:148–166.
  • •A review of paroxetine treatment inPPD.
  • NOTT PN, FRANKLIN M, ARMITAGE C, GELDER MG: Hormonal changes and mood in the puerperium. Br. J. Psychiatry (1976) 128:379–383.
  • HARRIS B, LOVETT L, SMITH J, READ G, WALKER R, NEWCOMBE R: Cardiff puerperal mood and hormone Study III. Postnatal depression at 5 to 6 weeks postpartum and its hormone correlates across the peripartum period. Br. J. Psychiatry (1996) 168:739–744.
  • DALTON K: Progesterone prophylaxis used successfully in postnatal depression. Practitioner (1985) 229:507–508.
  • DALTON K: Successful prophylactic progesterone for idiopathic postnatal depression. Int. J. Pen natal Studies (1989) 1:322–327.
  • LAWRIE TA, HOFMEYR GJ, DEJAGER M, BERK M, PAIKR J, VILJOEN E: A double-blind randomized placebo controlled trial of postnatal noresthisterone enanthate: the effect of postnatal depression and serum hormones. Br. J. Obstet. Gynecol. (1998) 105:1082–1090.
  • GREGOIRE AJP, KUMAR R, EVERITT B, HENDERSON A, STUDD JWW: Transdermal oestrogen for treatment of severe postnatal depression. Lancet (1996) 347:930–933.
  • •This trial demonstrated the efficacy and safety of oestrogen treatment in patients with PPD.
  • CHARNEY DS, BARLOW DH, BOTTERON KN et al.: Neuroscience research agenda to guide development of a pathophysiologically based classification system. In: A research agenda for DSM-V Kupfer DJ, First MB, Regier DA (Eds). American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC (2002):31–83.
  • COOPER PJ, CAMPBELL EA, DAY A, KENNERLEY H, BOND A: Non-psychotic psychiatric disorder after childbirth - a prospective study of prevalence, incidence, course and nature. Br. J. Psychiatry (1988) 152:799–806.
  • WHIFFEN VE: Is postpartum depression a distinct diagnosis? Clin. PsychoL Rev. (1992) 12:485–508.
  • ••An excellent review of issues related to thephenomenology of PPD.
  • PAFFENBARGER RS, MCCABE LJ: The effect of obstetric and perinatal events on risk of mental illness in women of childbearing age. Am. J. Public Health Nations Health. (1966) 56:400–407.
  • WISNER KL, PEINDL K, HAPUSA BH: Relationship of psychiatric illness to childbearing status: a hospital-based epidemiologic study. J. Affect. Disord. (1993) 28:39–50.
  • FRANK E, KUPFER DJ, JACOB M, BLUMENTHAL SJ, JARRETT DB: Pregnancy-related affective episodes among women with recurrent depression. Am. J. Psychiatry (1987) 144:288–293.
  • HENDRIC V ALTSHULER L, STROUSE T et al.: Postpartum and nnonpostpartun depression: differences in presentation and response to pharmacologic treatment. Depress. Anxiety (2000) 11:66–72.
  • FAVA M, UEBELACKER LA, ALPERT JE, NIERENBERG AA, PAVA JA, ROSENBAUM JF: Major depressive subtypes and treatment response. Biol. Psychiatry (1997) 42:568–576.
  • CLAYTON PJ: The comorbidity factor: establishing the primary diagnosis in patients with mixed symptoms of anxiety and depression. Clin. Psychiatry (1990) 51:35–39.
  • KHAN A. WARNER HA, BROWN WA: Symptom reduction and suicide risk in patients treated with placebo in antidepressant clinical trials: an analysis of the Food and Drug Administration database. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry (2000) 57:311–317.
  • STOROSUM JG, VAN ZWIETEN BJ, VAN DEN BRINK W, GERSONS BPR, BROEKMANS AW: Suicide risk in placebo-controlled studies of major depression. Am. J. Psychiatry (2001) 158:1271–1275.
  • ROTHMAN KJ, MICHELS KB: The continuing unethical use of placebo controls. N Engl. J. Med. (1994) 331:394–398.
  • WALSH BT, SEIDMAN SN, SYSKO R, GOULD M: Placebo response in studies of major depression: variable, substantial and growing. JAMA (2002) 287:1840–1847.
  • FAVA M, EVINS AE, DORER DJ, SCHOENFELD DA: The problem of the placebo response in clinical trials for psychiatric disorders: culprits, possible remedies, and a novel study design approach. Psychother. Psychosom. (2003) 72:115–127.
  • HOROWITZ JA, GOODMAN JH: Identifying and treating postpartum depression./ Obstet. Gynecol. Neonatal Nurs. (2004) 34:264–273.
  • ••The effectiveness of psychotherapeuticmodalities in the treatment of PPD reviewed.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.