Ocrelizumab: a step forward in the evolution of B-cell therapy

Bibliography

• Dorner T, Lipsky PE. B-cell targeting: a novel approach to immune intervention today and tomorrow. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2007;7(9):1287-99
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumgarth N, Tung JW, Herzenberg LA. Inherent specificities in natural antibodies: a key to immune defense against pathogen invasion. Springer Semin Immunopathol 2005;26(4):347-62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen SB. B-cell depletion for rheumatic diseases: where are we? MedGenMed 2005;7:72
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kuek A, Hazleman BL, Ostor AJK. Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMDs) and biologic therapy: a medical revolution. Postgrad Med J 2007;83(978):251-60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalakas MC. Invited article: Inhibition of B cell functions. Neurology 2008;70:2252-60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mclaughlin P, Grillo-Lopez AJ, Link BK, et al. Rituximab chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy for relapsed indolent lymphoma: half of patients respond to a four-dose treatment program. J Clin Oncol 1998;16:2825-33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson DR, Grillo-Lopez A, Varns C, et al. Targeted anti-cancer therapy using rituximab, a chimeric anti-CD20 antibody (IDEC-C2B8) in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma. Biochem Soc Trans 1997;25:705-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edwards JC, Szczepanski L, Szechinski J, et al. Efficacy of B-cell-targeted therapy with rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med 2004;350:2572-81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emery P, Fleischmann R, Filipowicz-Sosnowska A, et al. The efficacy and safety of rituximab in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis despite methotrexate treatment: results of a Phase IIb randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging trial. Arthritis Rheum 2006;54(5):1390-400
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen SB, Emery P, Greenwald MW, et al. REFLEX Trial Group. Rituximab for rheumatoid arthritis refractory to anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy: results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase III trial evaluating primary efficacy and safety at twenty -four weeks. Arthritis Rheum 2006;54:2793-806
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dorner T, Burmester GR. New approaches of B-cell directed therapy: beyond rituximab. Curr Opin Rheum 2008;20:263-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Genovese MC, Kaine JL, Lowenstein MB, et al. Ocrelizumab, a humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2008;58(9):2652-61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Institutes of Health Clinical Trials. NCT00603525. Available from: www.clinicaltrials.gov Accessed April 09, [Last accessed 11 May 2009]
   Google Scholar
• Dorner T, Kaufman J, Wegener WA, et al. Initial clinical trial of epratuzumab (humanized anti-CD22 antibody) for immunotherapy of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther 2006;8(3):R74. Published online 21 Apr 2006. Available from: http://arthritis-research.com/content/8/3/R74 [Last accessed 11 May 2009]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinfeld SD, Tant L, Burmester GR, et al. Epratuzumab (humanized anti-CD22 antibody) in primary Sjogren's syndrome: an open-label phase I/II study. Arthritis Res Ther 2006;8(4):R129. Published online 20 July 2006. Available from: http://arthritis-research.com/content/8/4/R129 [Last accessed 11 May 2009]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagenbeck A, Gadeberg O, Johnson P, et al. First clinical use of ofatumumab, a novel fully human anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody in relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma: results of a phase 1/2 trial. Blood 2008;111(12):5486-95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coiffier B, Lepretre S, Pedersen LM, et al. Safety and efficacy of ofatumumab, a fully human monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody, in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a phase 1-2 study. Blood 2008;111(3):1094-100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mckay J, Chwalinska-Swadowska H, Boling E, et al. Belimumab (BmAb), a fully human monoclonal antibody to B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), combined with standard of care therapy reduces the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis in a heterogenous subject population [abstract #1920]. Arthritis Rheum 2005;52 (Suppl 9):S710-1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Prescribing Information (PI) Rituxan (rituximab). Available from: www.gene. com/gene/products/information/pdf/rituxan-prescribing.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Maloney DG. Preclinical and phase I and II trials of rituximab. Semin Oncol 1999;26:74-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Leandro MJ, Cambridge G, Ehrenstein MR, Edwards JC. Reconstitution of peripheral blood B cells after depletion with rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2006;54:613-20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clynes RA, Towers TL, Presta LG, Ravetech JV. Inhibitory Fc receptors modulate in vivo cytotoxicity against tumor targets. Nat Med 2000;6:443-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reff ME, Carner K, Chambers KS, et al. Depletion of B cells in vivo by a chimeric mouse human monoclonal antibody to CD20. Blood 1994;83:435-45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mease PJ. B cell-targeted therapy in autoimmune disease: rationale, mechanisms, and clinical application. J Rheumatol 2008;35(7):1245-55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van der Kolk LE, Grillo-Lopez AJ, Baars JW, et al. Complement activation plays a key role in the side-effects of rituximab treatment. Br J Haematol 2001;115:807-11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finckh A, Ciurea A, Brulhart L, et al. B cell depletion may be more effective than switching to an alternative anti-tumor necrosis factor agent in rheumatoid arthritis patients with inadequate response to anti-tumor factor agents. Arthritis Rheum 2007;56:1417-23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmed AR, Spigelman Z, Cavacini LA, Posner MR. Treatment of pemphigus vulgaris with rituximab and intravenous immunoglobulin. N Engl J Med 2006;355(17):1772-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Genentech.com press release. Genentech and Biogen Idec announce top-line results from Phase II/III clinical study of Rituxan in systemic lupus erythematosus. Available from: http://www.gene.com/gene/news/press-releases/display.do? method= detail&id = 11247 [Last Accessed 11 May 2009]
   Google Scholar
• Ocrelizumab [data on file]. South San Fransisco (CA): Genetech; 2003
   Google Scholar
• Felson DT, Anderson JJ, Boers M, et al. American College of Rheumatology preliminary definition of improvement in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1995;38:727-35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prevoo ML, van't Hof MA, Kuper HH, et al. Modified disease activity score include twenty-eight joint counts: development and validation in a prospective longitudinal study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1995;38:44-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Gestel AM, Prevoo ML, van't Hof MA, et al. Development and validation of the European League Against Rheumatism response criteria for rheumatoid arthritis: comparison with the preliminary American College of Rheumatology and the World Health Organization/International League Against Rheumatism criteria. Arthritis Rheum 1996;39:34-40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chirinos-Rojas C, Ilivanova E, Boyd P, et al. The safety and efficacy of ocrelizumab; a humanized anti CD20 antibody administered as a single infusion regimen to patients with active rheumatoid arthritis [abstract OP-0250]. EULAR 2008 Available from: http://www.hopkins-arthritis.org/physician-corner/education/eular2008/RA-Anti-B-Cell-Therapy/abstract-op-0250.html [Last accessed 11 May 2009]
   Google Scholar
• Strand V, Singh JA. Improved health-related quality of life with effective disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: evidence from randomized controlled trials. Am J Manag Care 2007;13:S237-51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar