126
Views
16
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Emerging drugs for Parkinson’s disease

&
Pages 403-417 | Published online: 29 Aug 2006

Bibliography

  • PARKINSON J: An essay on the shaking palsy. Sherwood Neely and Jones, London, UK (1817).
  • DUVOISIN RC: History of parkinsonism. Pharmacol. Ther. (1987) 32:1-17.
  • COTZIAS GC, VAN WOERT MH, SCHIFFER LM: Aromatic amino acids and modification of parkinsonism. N. Engl. J. Med. (1967) 276:374-379.
  • COTZIAS GC, PAPAVASILIOU PS, GELLENE R: Modification of Parkinsonism – chronic treatment with l-dopa. N. Engl. J. Med. (1969) 280:337-345.
  • JANKOVIC J: Motor fluctuations and dyskinesias in Parkinson’s disease: clinical manifestations. Mov. Disord. (2005) 20(Suppl. 11):S11-S16.
  • FOLEY P, GERLACH M, DOUBLE KL, RIEDERER P: Dopamine receptor agonists in the therapy of Parkinson’s disease. J. Neural. Transm. (2004) 111:1375-1446.
  • HELY MA, MORRIS JG, REID WG, TRAFFICANTE R: Sydney Multicenter Study of Parkinson’s disease: non-l-dopa-responsive problems dominate at 15 years. Mov. Disord. (2005) 20:190-199.
  • HAGUE SM, KLAFFKE S, BANDMANN O: Neurodegenerative disorders: Parkinson’s disease and Huntington’s disease. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry (2005) 76:1058-1063.
  • SPILLANTINI MG, SCHMIDT ML, LEE VM et al.: α-Synuclein in Lewy bodies. Nature (1997) 388:839-840.
  • KITADA I, ASAKAWA S, HATTORI N et al.: Mutations in the parkin gene cause autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism. Nature (1998) 392:605-608.
  • HUSE DM, SCHULMAN K, ORSINI L, CASTELLI-HALEY J, KENNEDY S, LENHART G: Burden of illness in Parkinson’s disease. Mov. Disord. (2005) 20:1449-1454.
  • WEINTRAUB D, MOBERG PJ, DUDA JE et al.: Effect of psychiatric and other nonmotor symptoms on disability in Parkinson’s disease. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. (2004) 52:784-788.
  • PARKINSON STUDY GROUP: DATATOP: a multicenter controlled clinical trial in early Parkinson’s disease. Arch. Neurol. (1989) 46:1052-1060.
  • STOCCHI F, OLANOW CW. Neuroprotection in Parkinson’s disease: clinical trials. Ann. Neurol. (2003) 53(Suppl. 3):S87-S99.
  • MARSDEN CD: Parkinson’s disease. Lancet (1990) 335(8695):948-952.
  • FEARNLEY JM, LEES AJ: Aging and Parkinson’s disease: substantia nigra regional selectivity. Brain (1991) 114:2283-2301.
  • MICHELL AW, LEWIS SJ, FOLTYNIE T, BARKER RA. Biomarkers and Parkinson’s disease. Brain (2004) 127:1693-1705.
  • DAWSON TM, DAWSON VL: Molecular pathways of neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease. Science (2003) 302:819-822.
  • HEALY DG, ABOU-SLEIMAN PM, WOOD NW: PINK, PANK or PARK? A clinicians’ guide to familial parkinsonism. Lancet Neurol. (2004) 3:652-672.
  • DI MONTE DA: The environment and Parkinson’s disease: is the nigrostriatal system preferentially targeted by neurotoxins? Lancet Neurol. (2003) 2:531-538.
  • PRZEDBORSKI S: Pathogenesis of nigral cell death in Parkinson’s disease. Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. (2005) 11(Suppl. 1):S3-S7.
  • SCHAPIRA AH: Disease modification in Parkinson’s disease. Lancet Neurol. (2004) 3:362-368.
  • PARKER WD Jr, BOYSON SJ, PARKS JK: Abnormalities of the electron transport chain in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. Ann. Neurol. (1989) 26:719-723.
  • SCHAPIRA AH, COOPER JM, DEXTER D et al.: Mitochondrial complex I deficiency in Parkinson’s disease. Lancet (1989) 1(8649):1269.
  • SMITH WW, JIANG H, PEI Z et al.: Endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial cell death pathways mediate A53T mutant α-synuclein-induced toxicity. Hum. Mol. Genet. (2005) 14:3801-3811.
  • KONITSIOTIS S, BLANCHET PJ, VERHAGEN L et al.: AMPA receptor blockade improves levodopa-induced dyskinesia in MPTP monkeys. Neurology (2000) 54:1589-1595.
  • ORR CF, ROWE DB, MIZUNO Y et al.: A possible role for humoral immunity in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. Brain (2005) 128:2665-2674.
  • OUCHI Y, OSHIKAWA E, SEKINE Y et al.: Microglial activation and dopamine terminal loss in early Parkinson’s disease. Ann. Neurol. (2005) 57:168-175.
  • CHEN H, ZHANG SM, HERNAN MA et al.: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the risk of Parkinson’s disease. Arch. Neurol. (2003) 60:1059-1064.
  • CHEN H, JACOBS E, SCHWARZSCHILD MA et al.: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use and the risk for Parkinson’s disease. Ann. Neurol. (2005) 58:963-967.
  • BECK KD, VALVERDE J, ALEXI T et al.: Mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons protected by GDNF from axotomy-induced degeneration in the adult brain. Nature (1995) 373:339-341.
  • TOMAC A, LINDQVIST E, LIN LF et al.: Protection and repair of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system by GDNF in vivo. Nature (1995) 373(6512):335-339.
  • BJÖRKLUND A, ROSENBLAD C, WINKLER C, KIRIK D: Studies on neuroprotective and regenerative effects of GDNF in a partial lesion model of Parkinson’s disease. Neurobiol. Dis. (1997) 4:186-200.
  • HORGER BA, NISHIMURA MC, ARMANINI MP et al.: Neurturin exerts potent actions on survival and function of midbrain dopaminergic neurons. J. Neurosci. (1998) 18:4929-4937.
  • GOLD BG, NUTT JG: Neuroimmunophilin ligands in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (2002) 2:82-86.
  • RAVINA BM, FAGAN SC, HART RG et al.: Neuroprotective agents for clinical trials in Parkinson’s disease: a systematic assessment. Neurology (2003) 60:1234-1240.
  • WOITALLA D, MULLER T, BENZ S et al.: Transdermal lisuride delivery in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. J. Neural Transm. Suppl. (2004) 68:89-95.
  • PRITCHETT AM, MORRISON JF, EDWARDS WD et al.: Valvular heart disease in patients taking pergolide. Mayo Clin. Proc. (2002) 77:1280-1286.
  • BASEMAN DG, O’SUILLEABHAIN PE, REIMOLD SC et al.: Pergolide use in Parkinson’s disease is associated with cardiac valve regurgitation. Neurology (2004) 63:301-304.
  • ONDO W: Investigational pharmacological treatments for Parkinson’s disease. In: Handbook of Parkinson’s disease. Pahwa R, Lyons KE, Koller WC (Eds.), Marcel Dekker, New York (2003):453-461.
  • HUTTON JT, METMAN LV, CHASE TN et al.: Transdermal dopaminergic D(2) receptor agonist therapy in Parkinson’s disease with N-0923 TDS: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Mov. Disord. (2001) 16:459-463.
  • METMAN LV, GILLESPIE M, FARMER C et al.: Continuous transdermal dopaminergic stimulation in advanced Parkinson’s disease. Clin. Neuropharmacol. (2001) 24:163-169.
  • GÜLDENPFENNIG WM, POOLE KH, SOMMERVILLE KW, BOROOJERDI B: Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of continuous transdermal dopaminergic stimulation with rotigotine patch in early-stage idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. Clin. Neuropharmacol. (2005) 28:106-110.
  • BIANCHINE J, POOLE K, WOLTERING F: Efficacy and dose response of the novel transdermally applied dopamine agonist rotigotine CDS in early Parkinson’s disease. Neurology (2002) 58(Suppl. 3):A162-A163.
  • PARKINSON STUDY GROUP: A controlled trial of rotigotine monotherapy in early Parkinson’s disease. Arch. Neurol. (2003) 60:1721-1728.
  • WATTS RL, WENDT RL, NAUSIED B et al.: Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of the rotigotine transdermal patch in patients with early-stage, idiopathic Parkinson’s disease: a multicenter, multinational, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Mov. Disord. (2004) 19(Suppl. 9):S258.
  • GERLACH M, YOUDIM MB, RIEDERER P: Pharmacology of selegiline. Neurology (1996) 47(6 Suppl. 3):S137-S145.
  • PARKINSON STUDY GROUP: A controlled trial of rasagiline in early Parkinson’s disease: the TEMPO Study. Arch. Neurol. (2002) 59:1937-1943.
  • PARKINSON STUDY GROUP: A randomized placebo-controlled trial of rasagiline in levodopa-treated patients with Parkinson’s disease and motor fluctuations: the PRESTO study. Arch. Neurol. (2005) 62:241-248.
  • RASCOL O, BROOKS DJ, MELAMED E et al.: Rasagiline as an adjunct to levodopa in patients with Parkinson’s disease and motor fluctuations (LARGO, Lasting effect in Adjunct therapy with Rasagiline Given Once daily, study): a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group trial. Lancet (2005) 365(9463):947-954.
  • GILADI N, RASCOL O, BROOKS DJ et al.: Rasagiline treatment can improve freezing of gait in advanced Parkinson’s disease; a prospective randomized, double blind, placebo and entacapone controlled study. Neurology (2004) 62(Suppl. 5):A329-A330.
  • CHAZO PL: Safinamide (Newron Pharmaceuticals). Curr. Opin. Investig. Drugs (2001) 2:809-813.
  • STOCCHI F, ARNOLD G, ONOFRJ M et al.: Improvement of motor function in early Parkinson’s disease by safinamide. Neurology (2004) 63:746-748.
  • SHELLENBERGER MK, CLARKE A, DONOGHUE S: Zydis selegiline reduces ‘off’ time and improves symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Mov. Disord. (2000) 15(Suppl. 3):116.
  • WATERS CH, SETHI KD, HAUSER RA et al.: Zydis selegiline reduces off time in Parkinson’s disease patients with motor fluctuations: a 3-month, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Mov. Disord. (2004) 19:426-432.
  • HILL MP, BROTCHIE JM: The adrenergic receptor agonist, clonidine, potentiates the anti-parkinsonian action of the selective kappa-opioid receptor agonist, enadoline, in the monoamine-depleted rat. Br. J. Pharmacol. (1999) 128:1577-1585.
  • SAVOLA JM, HILL M, ENGSTROM M et al.: Fipamezole (JP-1730) is a potent α2 adrenergic receptor antagonist that reduces levodopa-induced dyskinesia in the MPTP-lesioned primate model of Parkinson’s disease. Mov. Disord. (2003) 18:872-883.
  • KASE H: New aspects of physiological and pathophysiological functions of adenosine A2A receptor in basal ganglia. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. (2001) 65:1447-1457.
  • KANDA T, JACKSON MJ, SMITH LA et al.: Adenosine A2A antagonist: a novel antiparkinsonian agent that does not provoke dyskinesia in parkinsonian monkeys. Ann. Neurol. (1998) 43:507-513.
  • HAUSER RA, HUBBLE JP, TRUONG DD et al.: Randomized trial of the adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonist istradefylline in advanced PD. Neurology (2003) 61:297-303.
  • CHEN JF, XU K, PETZER JP et al.: Neuroprotection by caffeine and A(2A) adenosine receptor inactivation in a model of Parkinson’s disease. J. Neurosci. (2001) 21:RC143.
  • ZESIEWICZ TA, SULLIVAN KL, MALDONADO JL et al.: Open-label pilot study of levetiracetam (Keppra) for the treatment of levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson’s disease. Mov. Disord. (2005) 20:1205-1209.
  • OLANOW CW, DAMIER P, GOETZ CG et al. Multicenter, open-label, trial of sarizotan in Parkinson’s disease patients with levodopa-induced dyskinesias (the SPLENDID Study). Clin. Neuropharmacol. (2004) 27:58-62.
  • BIBBIANI F, OH JD, CHASE TN: Serotonin 5-HT1A agonist improves motor complications in rodent and primate parkinsonian models. Neurology (2001) 57:1829-1834.
  • BARA-JIMENEZ, BIBBIANI F, MORRIS MJ et al.: Effects of serotonin 5-HT1A agonist in advanced Parkinson’s disease. Mov. Disord. (2005) 20:932-936.
  • ROUX PP, DORVAL G, BOUDREAU M et al.: K252a and CEP1347 are neuroprotective compounds that inhibit mixed-lineage kinase-3 and induce activation of Akt and ERK. J. Biol. Chem. (2002) 277:49473-49480.
  • SHULTS CW, HAAS RH, PASSOV D, BEAL MF: Coenzyme Q10 levels correlate with the activities of complexes I and II/III in mitochondria from parkinsonian and nonparkinsonian subjects. Ann. Neurol. (1997) 42:261-264.
  • SHULTS CW, OAKES D, KIEBURTZ K et al.: Effects of coenzyme Q10 in early Parkinson’s disease: evidence of slowing of the functional decline. Arch. Neurol. (2002) 59:1541-1550.
  • SHULTS CW, BEAL MF, SONG D, FONTAINE D: Pilot trial of high dosages of coenzyme Q10 in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Exp. Neurol. (2004) 188:491-494.
  • MÜLLER T, BUTTNER GHOLIPOUR AF, KUHN W: Coenzyme Q10 supplementation provides mild symptomatic benefit in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Neurosci. Lett. (2003) 341:201-204.
  • MATTHEWS RT, FERRANTE RJ, KILVENYI P et al.: Creatine and cyclocreatine attenuate MPTP neurotoxicity. Exp. Neurol. (1999) 157:142-149.
  • VERBESSEM P, LEMIERE J, EIJNDE BO et al.: Creatine supplementation in Huntington’s disease: a placebo-controlled pilot trial. Neurology (2003) 61:925-930.
  • TABRIZI SJ, BLAMIRE AM, MANNERS DN et al.: High-dose creatine therapy for Huntington’s disease: a 2-year clinical and MRS study. Neurology (2005) 64:1655-1666.
  • FRIEDLANDER RM: Apoptosis and caspases in neurodegenerative diseases. N. Engl. J. Med. (2003) 348:1365-1375.
  • ZEMKE D, MAJID A: The potential of minocycline for neuroprotection in human neurologic disease. Clin. Neuropharmacol. (2004) 27:293-298.
  • GILL SS, PATEL NK, HOTTON GR et al.: Direct brain infusion of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in Parkinson’s disease. Nat. Med. (2003) 9:589-595.
  • LANG AE, GILL S, PATEL NK et al.: Randomized controlled trial of intraputamenal glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor infusion in Parkinson’s disease. Ann. Neurol. (2006) 59:459-466.
  • LOVE S, PLAHA P, PATEL NK et al.: Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor induces neuronal sprouting in human brain. Nat. Med. (2005) 11:703-704.
  • AHN Y-H, BENSADOUN J-C, AEBISCHER P et al.: Increased fiber outgrowth from xeno-transplanted human embryonic dopaminergic neurons with co-implants of polymer-encapsulated genetically modified cells releasing glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor. Brain Res. Bull. (2005) 66:135-142.
  • FJORD-LARSEN, JOHANSEN JL, KUSK P et al.: Efficient in vivo protection of nigral dopaminergic neurons by lentiviral gene transfer of a modified neurturin construct. Exp. Neurol. (2005) 195:49-60.
  • LUO J, KAPLITT MG, FITZSIMONS HL et al.: Subthalamic GAD gene therapy in a Parkinson’s disease rat model. Science (2002) 298:425-429.
  • BUTCHER J: Gene therapy for Parkinson’s disease set to enter Phase I trials. Lancet Neurol. (2002) 1:462.
  • WATTS RL, RAISER CD, STOVER NP et al.: Stereotaxic intrastriatal implantation of human retinal pigment epithelial (hRPE) cells attached to gelatin microcarriers: a potential new cell therapy for Parkinson’s disease. J. Neural Transm. Suppl. (2003) 65:215-227.
  • STOVER NP, BAKAY RAE, SUBRAMANIAN T et al.: Intrastriatal implantation of human retinal pigment epithelial cells attached to microcarriers in advanced Parkinson’s disease. Arch. Neurol. (2005) 62:1833-1837.
  • SHEA C, MACKNIGHT C, ROCKWOOD K: Donepezil for treatment of dementia with Lewy bodies: a case series of nine patients. Int. Psychogeriatr. (1998) 10:229-238.
  • RICHARD IH, JUSTUS AW, GREIG NH et al.: Worsening of motor function and mood in a patient with Parkinson’s disease after pharmacologic challenge with oral rivastigmine. Clin. Neuropharmacol. (2002) 25:296-299.
  • AARSLAND D, HUTCHINSON M, LARSEN JP: Cognitive, psychiatric and motor response to galantamine in Parkinson’s disease with dementia. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry (2003) 18:937-941.
  • LINAZASORO G, LASA A, VAN BLERCOM N: Efficacy and safety of donepezil in the treatment of executive dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease: a pilot study. Clin. Neuropharmacol. (2005) 28:176-178.
  • WESNES KA, McKEITH I, EDGAR C et al.: Benefits of rivastigmine on attention in dementia associated with Parkinson’s disease. Neurology (2005) 65:1654-1656.
  • AARSLAND D, LAAKE K, LARSEN JP, JANVIN C: Donepezil for cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease: a randomised controlled study. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry (2002) 72:708-712.
  • RAVINA B, PUTT M, SIDEROWF A et al.: Donepezil for dementia in Parkinson’s disease: a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, crossover study. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry (2005) 76:934-939.
  • EMRE M, AARSLAND D, ALBANESE A et al.: Rivastigmine for dementia associated with Parkinson’s disease. N. Engl. J. Med. (2004) 351:2509-2518.
  • RABEY JM, NISSIPEANU P, KORCZYN A: Efficacy of memantine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. J. Neural Transm. Park. Dis. Dement. Sect. (1992) 4:277-282.
  • MERRELLO M, NOUZEILLES MI, CAMMAROTA A, LEIGUARDA R: Effect of memantine (NMDA antagonist) on Parkinson’s disease: a double-blind crossover randomized study. Clin. Neuropharmacol. (1999) 22:273-276.
  • LOKK J: [Memantine can relieve certain symptoms in Parkinson’s disease. Improvement achieved in two out of three described cases with dyskinesia and cognitive failure]. Lakartidningen (2004) 101:2003-2006.
  • FREGNI F, SANTOS CM, MYCZKOWSKI ML et al.: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is as effective as fluoxetine in the treatment of depression in patients with Parkinson’s disease. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry (2004) 75:1171-1174.
  • MENZA M, MARIN H, KAUFMAN K et al.: Citalopram treatment of depression in Parkinson’s disease: the impact on anxiety, disability, and cognition. J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. (2004) 16:315-319.
  • AVILA A, CARDONA X, MARTIN-BARANERA M et al.: Does nefazodone improve both depression and Parkinson’s disease? A pilot randomized trial. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. (2003) 23:509-513.
  • MORGANTE L, BASILE G, EPIFANIO A et al.: Continuous apomorphine infusion (CAI) and neuropsychiatric disorders in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease: a follow-up of two years. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. Suppl. (2004) 9:291-296.
  • MOLLER JC, OERTEL WH, KOSTER J et al.: Long-term efficacy and safety of pramipexole in advanced Parkinson’s disease: results from a European multicenter trial. Mov. Disord. (2005) 20:602-610.
  • LEMKE MR, BRECHT HM, KOESTER J et al.: Anhedonia, depression, and motor functioning in Parkinson’s disease during treatment with pramipexole. J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. (2005) 17:214-220.
  • FRIEDMAN JH, CHOU KL: Sleep and fatigue in Parkinson’s disease. Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. (2004) 10(Suppl. 1):S27-S35.
  • AVORN J, SCHNEEWEISS S, SUDARSKY LR et al.: Sudden uncontrollable somnolence and medication use in Parkinson’s disease. Arch. Neurol. (2005) 62:1242-1248.
  • NIEVES AV, LANG AE: Treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with Parkinson’s disease with modafinil. Clin. Neuropharmacol. (2002) 25:111-114.
  • HOGL B, SALETU M, BRANDAUER E et al.: Modafinil for the treatment of daytime sleepiness in Parkinson’s disease: a double-blind, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled polygraphic trial. Sleep (2002) 25:905-909.
  • ADLER CH, CAVINESS JN, HENTZ JG et al.: Randomized trial of modafinil for treating subjective daytime sleepiness in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Mov. Disord. (2003) 18:287-293.
  • ONDO W, FAYLE R, ATASSI F, JANKOVIC J: Modafinil for daytime somnolence in Parkinson’s disease: double blind, placebo controlled parallel trial. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry (2005) 76:1636-1639.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.