The endothelin system and its role in acute myocardial infarction

Bibliography

• BOERSMA E, MERCADO N, POLDERMANS D et al.: Acute myocardial infarction. Lancet (2003) 361:847–858.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PIESKE B, BEYERMANN B, BREU V et al.: Functional effects of endothelin and regulation of endothelin receptors in isolated nonfailing and failing myocardium. Circulation (1999) 99:1802–1809.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •Charactrisation of positive inotropic effect of ET-1 on the human heart.
   Google Scholar
• SAETRUM OPGAARD 0, MOLLER S, DE VRIES, EDVINSSON L, SAXENA PR: Positive inotropic responses mediated by endothelin ETA and ETB receptors in human myocardial trabeculae. Clin. Sci. (2000) 99:161–168.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PONICKE K, VOGELSANG M, HEINROTH M et al: Endothelin receptors in the failing and nonfailing human heart. Circulation (1998) 97:744–751.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DHEIN S, GIESSLER C, WANGEMANN T et al.: Differential pattern of endothelin-1-induced inotropic effects on right atria and left ventricles of the failing heart. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. (2000) 36:564–569.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KUSUMOTO K, AWANE Y, FUJIWARA S, WATANABE T: Role of endogenous endothelin in extension of rabbit myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. (1993) 22\(Suppl. 8):339–342.
   Google Scholar
• GROVER GJ, SLEPH PG, FOX M, TRIPPODO NC: Role of endothelin-1 and big endothelin-1 in modulating coronary vascular tone, contractile function and severity of ischemia in rat hearts. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. (1992) 263:1074–1082.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BRUNNER F: Tissue endothelin-1 levels in perfused rat heart following stimulation with agonists and in ischaemia and reperfusion. Ma Cell. Cardiol (1995) 27:1953–1963.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YANG XP, MADEDDU P, MICHELETTI R et al.: Effects of intravenous endothelin on hemodynamics and cardiac contractility in conscious Milan normotensive rats. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. (1991) 17:662–669.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DOMENCH R, MACHO P, GONZALEZ R, HUIDOBRO-TORO JP: Effect of endothelin on total and regional coronary resistance and on myocardial contractility. Eur. Pharmacol. (1991) 192:409–419.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SZOKODI I, HORKAY F, MERKELY B et al.: Intrapericardial infusion of endothelin-1 induced ventricular arrhythmias in dogs. Cardiovasc. Res. (1998) 38:356–364.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DOUGLAS SA, NICHOL AJ, FEUERSTEIN GZ et al: SB 209670 inhibits the arrhythmogenic actions of endothelin in the anesthetized dog. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. (1998) 31 (Suppl. 1):99–102.
   Google Scholar
• CLARKE JG, BENJAMIN N, LARKIN SW et al.: Endothelin is a potent long-lasting vasoconstrictor in men. Am. .1 Physiol (1989) 257:H2033–H2035.
   Google Scholar
• CARDILLO C, KILCOYNE CM, WACLAWIW M, CANNON RO III, PANZA JA: Role of endothelin in the increased vascular tone of patients with essential hypertension. Hypertension (1999) 33:753–758.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CHESTER AH, DASHWOOD MR, CLARKE JG et al.: Influence of endothelin on human coronary arteries and localization of its binding sites. Am. Cardiol. (1989) 63:1395–1398.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PIERRE LN, DAVENPORT AP: Endothelin receptor subtypes and their functional relevance in human small coronary arteries. Br. Pharmacol. (1998) 124:499–506.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •Characterisation of effects of ET-1 on human cronaries.
   Google Scholar
• MIYAUCHI T, YANAGISAWA M, TOMIZAWA T et al.: Increased plasma concentrations of endothelin-1 and big endothelin-1 in acute myocardial infarction. Lancet (1989) 2:53–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SALMINEN K, TIKKANEN I, SAIJONMAA 0 et al: Modulation of coronary tone in acute myocardial infarction by endothelin. Lancet (1989) 2:747.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •Landmark study showing raised ET-1 levels in human AMI.
   Google Scholar
• STEWART DJ, KUBAC G, COSTELLO KB, CERNACEK P: Increased plasma endothelin-1 in the early hours of acute myocardial infarction. Am. Coll Cardiol. (1991) 18:38–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RAY SG, MCMURRAY JJ, MORTON JJ, DARGIE HJ: Circulating endothelin in acute ischaemic syndromes. Br. Heart (1992) 67:383–386.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• LECHLEITNER P, GENSER N, MAIR J et al.: Endothelin-1 in patients with complicated and uncomplicated myocardial infarction. Clin. Investig. (1992) 70:1070–1072.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• TOMODA H: Plasma endothelin-1 in acute myocardial infarction with heart failure. Am. Heart. (1993) 125:667–672.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TSUTAMOTO T, WADA A, HAYASHI M et al.: Relationship between transcardiac gradient of endothelin-1 and left ventricular remodelling in patients with first anterior myocardial infarction. Eur: Heart. (2003) 24:346–355.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OMLAND T, LIE RT, AAKVAAG A, AARSLAND T, DICKSTEIN K: Plasma endothelin determination as a prognostic indicator of one year mortality after acute myocardial infarction. Circulation (1994) 89:1573–1579.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LECHLEITNER P, GENSER N, MAIR Jet al: Plasma immunoreactive endothelin in the acute and subacute phases of myocardial infarction in patients undergoing fibrinolysis. Clin. Chem. (1993) 39:955–959.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HASDAI D, HOLMES DR Jr, GARRATT KN, EDWARDS WD, LERMAN A: Mechanical pressure and stretch release endothelin-1 from human atherosclerotic coronary arteries in vivo. Circulation (1997) 95:357–362.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SUZUKI H, TAKEYAMA Y, MATSUBARA H et al.: Plasma endothelin-1 and thrombomodulin levels in coronary sinus during right atrial pacing and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Int. Cardiol. (2000) 74:15–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SCHAFER U, KURZ T, JAIN D et al.: Impaired coronary flow and left ventricular dysfunction after mechanical recanalization in acute myocardial infarction: role of neurohumoral activation. Basic Res. Cardiol (2000) 97:399–408.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KYRIAKIDES ZS, MARMANOS M, ANTONIADIS A et al.: Effect of rotational coronary atherectomy on peripheral endothelin-1, atrial natriuretic peptide, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate plasma levels. Cardiovasc. Drugs Thei: (1998) 12:245–250.
   Google Scholar
• WAINSTEIN MV, GONCALVES SC, ZAGO AL et al: Plasma endothelin-1 levels after coronary stenting in humans. Am. J. Cardiol. (2003) 92:1211–1214.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KYRIAKIDES ZS, KREMASTINOS DT, KOLETTIS TM: Acute endothelin-A receptor antagonism prevents normal reduction of myocardial ischemia on repeated balloon inflations during angioplasty. Circulation (2000) 102:1937–1943.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GARJANI A, WAINWRIGHT CL, ZEITLIN IJ, WILSON C, SLEE SJ: Effects of endothelin-1 and the ETA-receptor antagonist, BQ 123 on ischemic arrhythmias in anesthetized rats. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. (1995) 25:634–642.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SHARIF I, KANE KA, WAINWRIGHT CL: Endothelin and ischaemic arrhythmias - antiarrhythmic or arrhythmogenic. Cardiovasc. Res. (1998) 39:626–632.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CROCKETT TR, SCOTT GA, MCGOWAN NW, KANE KA, WAINWRIGHT CL: Anti-arrhythmic and electrophysiological effects of the endothelin receptor antagonists, BQ-123 and PD161721. Eur. Pharmacol. (2001) 432:71–77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BRUNNER F, DU TOIT EF, OPIE LH:Endothelin release during ischaemia and reperfusion of isolated perfused rat hearts. J. Ma Cell. Cardiol. (1992) 24:1291–1305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WATANABE T, SUZUKI N, SHIMAMOTO N, FUJINO M, IMADA A: Contribution of endogenous endothelin to the extension of myocardial infarction size in rats. Circ. Res. (1991) 69:370–377.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •Describes increased levels of ET-1 in experimental AMI.
   Google Scholar
• RICHARD V, KAEFFER N, HOGIE M et al.: Role of endogenous endothelin in myocardial and coronary endothelial injury after ischaemia and reperfusion in rats: studies with bosentan, a mixed ETA-ETB antagonist. Br. Pharmacol. (1994) 113:869–876.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LI XS, WANG QD, PERNOW J: Beneficial effects of endothelin receptor antagonist bosentan on myocardial and endothelial injury following ischaemia/reperfusion in the rat. Eurj Pharmacol. (1995) 283:161–168.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GONON AT, WANG QD, PERNOW J: The endothelin A receptor antagonist LU-135252 protects the myocardium from neutrophil injury during ischaemia/reperfusion. Cardiovasc. Res. (1998) 39:674–682.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LEE LY, WARNER RB, ADLER AL, OPGENORTH TJ: Endothelin ETA receptor antagonist reduced myocardial infarction induced by coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion in the rat. Pharmacology (1994) 49:319–324.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WATANABE T, AWANE Y, IKEDA S et al.: Pharmacology of a non-selective ETA and ETB receptor antagonist, TAK-044 and the inhibition of myocardial infarct size in rats. Br. J. Pharmacol (1995) 114:949–954.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TAKAHASHI C, KAGAYA Y, NAMIUCHI S et al.: Nonselective endothelin receptor antagonist initiated soon after the onset of myocardial infarction may deteriorate 24-hour survival. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol (2001) 38:29–38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WANG TL, CHANG H, HUNG CR, TSENG YZ: Morphine preconditioning attenuates neutrophil activation in rat models of myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc. Res. (1998) 40:557–563.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FRACCAROLLO D, HU K, GALUPPO P, GAUDRON P, ERTL G: Chronic endothelin receptor blockade attenuates progressive ventricular dilation and improves cardiac function in rats with myocardial infarction. Circulation (1997) 96:3963–3973.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FRACCAROLLO D, GALUPPO P, BAUERSACHS J, ERTL G: Collagen accumulation after myocardial infarction: effects of ETA receptor blockade and implications for early remodeling. Cardiovasc. Res. (2002) 54:559–567.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CLOZEL M, QIU C, QUI CS, HESS P, CLOZEL JP: Short-term endothelin receptor blockade with tezosentan has both immediate and long-term effects in rats with myocardial infarction. I Am. Coll Cardiol (2002) 39:142–147.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CALIGIURI G, LEVY B, PERNOW J, THOREN P, HANSSON GK: Myocardial infarction mediated by endothelin receptor signaling in hypercholesterolemic mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. (1999) 96:6920–6924.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WANG P, GALLAGHER KP, DOWNEY JM, COHEN MV: Pretreatment with endothelin-1 mimics ischemic preconditioning against myocardial infarction in isolated rabbit heart. J. MM. Cardiol (1996) 28:579–588.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VITOLA JV, FORMAN MR, HOLSINGER JP et al.: Role of endothelin in a rabbit model of acute myocardial infarction: effects of receptor antagonists.' Cardiovasc. Pharmacol (1996) 28:774–783.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MCMURDO L, THIEMERMANN C, VANE JR: The effects of the endothelin ETA receptor antagonist, FR 139317, on infarct size in a rabbit model of acute myocardial infarction and reperfusion. Br: J. Pharmacol (1994) 112:75–80.
   Google Scholar
• BURKE SE, NELSON RA: Endothelin-receptor antagonist FR 139317 infarct size in a rabbit model when given before, but not after, coronary artery occlusion. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol (1997) 29:87–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UMEKAWA K, HASEGAWA H, TSUTSUMI T et al.: Pharmacological characterization of a novel sulfonylureid-pyrazole derivative, SM-19712, a potent nonpeptidic inhibitor of endothelin converting enzyme. fpn. Pharmacol (2000) 84:7–15.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •Provides a description of a nonpeptide ECE inhibitor in experimental AMI.
   Google Scholar
• ERIKSON JM, VELASCO CE: Endothelin-1 and myocardial preconditioning. Am. Heart j (1996) 132:84–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TEERLINK JR, BREU V, SPRECHER U,CLOZEL M, CLOZEL JP: Potent vasoconstriction mediated by endothelin ETB receptors in canine coronary arteries. Circ. Res. (1994) 74:105–114.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TSUJI S, SAWAMURA A, WATANABE H et al.: Plasma endothelin levels during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. Life Sci. (1991) 48:1745–1749.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KELLY RF, HURSEY TL, SCHAER GL et al.: Cardiac endothelin release and infarct sice, myocardial blood flow, and ventricular function in canine infarction and reperfusion. J. Invest. Med. (1996) 44:575–582.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BATTISTINI B, KINGMA JG: Changes in plasma levels of ET-1 and its precursor, big ET-1, in the arterial and venous circulation following double myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in dogs. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol (2000) 36:5 (Supp01:S215–S220.
   Google Scholar
• DONCKIER J, HANET C, STOLERU L et al.: Effects of endothelin-1 at pathophysiologic concentrations on coronary perfusion and mechanical function of normal and postischemic myocardium. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol (1994) 23:212–219.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GROVER GJ, DZWONCZYK S, PARHAM CS: The endothelin-1 receptor antagonist BQ-123 reduced infarct size in a canine model of coronary occlusion and reperfusion. Cardiovasc. Res. (1993) 27:1613–1618.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KRAUSE SM, LYNCH JJ Jr, STABILITO II, WOLTMANN RF: Intravenous administration of the endothelin-1 BQ-123 does not ameliorate myocardial ischaemic injury following acute coronary artery occlusion in the dog. Cardiovasc. Res. (1994) 28:1672–1678.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BASSO C, THIENE G, DELLA BARBERA M et al.: Endothelin A-receptor antagonist administration immediately after experimental myocardial infarction with reperfusion does not affect scar healing in dogs. Cardiovasc. Res. (2002) 55:113–121.
   Google Scholar
• SEREBRUANY VL, SCHLOSSBERG ML,EDENBAUM LR, HERZOG WR, GURBEL PA: Serial changes of endothelin-1 levels during myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion. Effects of magnesium, diltiazem and a novel MAC-1 inhibitor. Pharmacol Res. (1998) 38:165–172.
   Google Scholar
• TONNESSEN T, NAESS PA, KIRKEBOEN KA et al.: Release of endothelin from the porcine heart after short term coronary artery occlusion. Cardiovasc. Res. (1993) 27:1482–1485.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TONNESSEN T, GIAID A, SALEH D et al.: Increased in vivo expression and production of endothelin-1 by porcine cardiomyocytes subjected to ischemia. Circ. Res. (1995) 76:767–772.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WANG QD, LI XS, LUNDBERG JM, PERNOW J: Protective effects of non-peptide endothelin receptor antagonist bosentan on myocardial ischaemic and reperfusion injury in pig. Cardiovasc. Res. (1995) 29:805–812.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MERTZ TE, MCCLANAHAN T, FLYNN MA et al.: Endothelin A receptor antagonism by PD 156707 does not reduce infarct size after coronary artery occlusion/reperfusion in pigs. Pharmacol Exp. Ther: (1996) 278:42–49.
   Google Scholar
• GONON AT, WANG QD, SHIMIZU M, PERNOW J: The novel non-peptide selective endothelin A receptor antagonist LU 135,252 protects against myocardial ischaemic and reperfusion injury in the pig. Acta Physiol Scand. (1998) 163:131–137.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• WENZEL RR, FLEISCH M, SHAW S et al.: Hemodynamic and coronary effects of the endothelin antagonist bosentan in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation (1998) 98:2235–2240.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KINLAY S, BEHRENDT S, WAINSTEIN M et al.: Role of endothelin-1 in the active constriction of human atherosclerotic coronary arteries. Circulation (2001) 104:1114–1118.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'CONNOR CM, GATTIS WA, ADAMS JK Jr et al.: Tezosentan in patients with acute heart failure and acute coronary syndromes: results of the Randomized Intravenous TeZonentan study (RITZ-4). J. Ana. Coll Car-dial (2003) 41:1452–1457.
   Google Scholar
• BREHM BR, BUTTCHER E, BEYER ME, HOFFMEISTER HM: Comparison of circulating endothelin-1 and big endothelin-1 levels in unstable versus stable angina pectoris. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol (1998) 31\(Suppl. 1):590–S93.
   Google Scholar
• LOCKOWANDT U, BJESSMO S, IVERT T, FRANCO-CERECED A: Plasma levels and vascular effects of endothelin in patients with stable and unstable angina pectoris undergoing coronary bypass grafting. Eur.j Cardiothorac. Surg. (2002) 21:218–223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NGUYEN QT, CERNACEK P, SIROIS MGet al.: Long-term effects of non-selective endothelin A and B receptor antagonism in postinfarction rat: importance of timing. Circulation (2001) 104:2075–2081.
   Google Scholar
• SAKAI S, MIYAUCHI T, YAMAGUCHI I: Long-term endothelin receptor antagonist administration improves alterations in expression of various cardiac genes in failing myocardium of rats with heart failure. Circulation (2000) 101:2879–2853.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MULDER P, RICHARD V, DERUMEAUX G et al: Role of endogenous endothelin in chronic heart failure: effect of long-term treatment with an endothelin antagonist on survival, hemodynamics, and cardiac remodeling. Circulation (1997) 96:1976–1982.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DOGGRELL SA: The therapeutic potentialof endothelin-1 receptor antagonists and endothelin-converting enzymes inhibitors on the cardiovascular system. Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs (2002) 11:1157–1172.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LUSCHER TF, ENSELEIT F, PACHER Ret al.: Hemodynamic and neuorhumoral effects of selective endothelin-A (ETA) receptor blockade in chronic heart failure: the heart failure ETA receptor blockade trial. Circulation (2002) 106:2666–2672.
   Google Scholar
• WANG TL, CHANG H: Intravenous morphine reduces plasma endothelin 1 concentration through activation of neutral endopeptidase 24.11 in patients with myocardial infarction. Ann. Ernerg. Med. (2001) 37:445–449.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar