1,526
Views
72
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Reviews

Statin drug interactions and related adverse reactions

, PhD & , PhD
Pages 933-946 | Published online: 07 Aug 2012

Bibliography

  • Baigent C, Blackwell L, Emberson J, Efficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of data from 170,000 participants in 26 randomised trials. Lancet 2010;376:1670-81
  • Bersot TP. Drug therapy for hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidemia. In: Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. Brunton BCL, Knollman B, editors. Mc Graw Hill, New York: 2011. p. 877-908
  • Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. Circulation 2002;106:3143-421
  • Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Merz CN, Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004;44:720-32
  • Catapano AL, Reiner Z, De Backer G, ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: the Task Force for the management of dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS). Atherosclerosis 2011;217(Suppl 1):S1-44
  • Tomaszewski M, Stepien KM, Tomaszewska J, Statin-induced myopathies. Pharmacol Rep 2011;63:859-66
  • Bader T. Yes! Statins can be given to liver patients. J Hepatol 2012;56:305-7
  • FDA. Statin Drugs - Drug Safety Communication: Class Labeling Change. 2012. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/SafetyInformation/SafetyAlertsforHumanMedicalProducts/ucm293670.htm [Last accessed 27 June 2012]
  • Corsini A. Statin-related muscle complaints: an underestimated risk. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2005;19:379-81
  • Bruckert E, Hayem G, Dejager S, Mild to moderate muscular symptoms with high-dosage statin therapy in hyperlipidemic patients–the PRIMO study. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2005;19:403-14
  • FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA Expands Advice on Statin Risks. 2011. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm293330.htm?utm_source=fdaSearch&utm_medium=website&utm_term=statin&utm_content=1 [Last accessed 1 April 2012]
  • FDA. Drug Safety Communication: Interactions between certain HIV or hepatitis C drugs and cholesterol-lowering statin drugs can increase the risk of muscle injury. 2012. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm293877.htm?utm_source=fdaSearch&utm_medium=website&utm_term=statin%20muscle&utm_content=1 [Last accessed 1 April 2012]
  • FDA. Drug Safety Communication: Important safety label changes to cholesterol-lowering statin drugs. 2012. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm293101.htm?utm_source=fdaSearch&utm_medium=website&utm_term=safety%20changes%20to%20cholesterol-lowering%20statin%20drugs&utm_content=1 [Last accessed 26 March 2012]
  • Law M, Rudnicka AR. Statin safety: a systematic review. Am J Cardiol 2006;97:52C-60C
  • Thompson PD, Clarkson PM, Rosenson RS. An assessment of statin safety by muscle experts. Am J Cardiol 2006;97:69C-76C
  • Hamilton-Craig I. Statin-associated myopathy. Med J Aust 2001;175:486-9
  • Armitage J, Bowman L, Wallendszus K, Intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol with 80 mg versus 20 mg simvastatin daily in 12,064 survivors of myocardial infarction: a double-blind randomised trial. Lancet 2010;376:1658-69
  • Bellosta S, Paoletti R, Corsini A. Safety of statins: focus on clinical pharmacokinetics and drug interactions. Circulation 2004;109:III50-7
  • Fulton MM, Allen ER. Polypharmacy in the elderly: a literature review. J Am Acad Nurse Pract 2005;17:123-32
  • Tobert JA. Efficacy and long-term adverse effect pattern of lovastatin. Am J Cardiol 1988;62:28J-34J
  • Omar MA, Wilson JP. FDA adverse event reports on statin-associated rhabdomyolysis. Ann Pharmacother 2002;36:288-95
  • Heerey A, Barry M, Ryan M, The potential for drug interactions with statin therapy in Ireland. Ir J Med Sci 2000;169:176-9
  • Bakhai A, Rigney U, Hollis S, Co-administration of statins with cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitors in a UK primary care population. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2012;21:485-93
  • Rowland M, Tozer TN. Clinical pharmacokinetics. Concepts and applications. Media: 3rd, 1995
  • Egger SS, Ratz Bravo AE, Hess L, Age-related differences in the prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions in ambulatory dyslipidaemic patients treated with statins. Drugs Aging 2007;24:429-40
  • Corsini A, Bellosta S, Baetta R, New insights into the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of statins. Pharmacol Ther 1999;84:413-28
  • Corsini A, Bellosta S. Drug-drug interaction with statins. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2008;1:105-13
  • Corsini A, Ceska R. Drug-drug interactions with statins: will pitavastatin overcome the statins' Achilles' heel? Curr Med Res Opin 2011;27:1551-62
  • Shitara Y, Sugiyama Y. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic alterations of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors: drug-drug interactions and interindividual differences in transporter and metabolic enzyme functions. Pharmacol Ther 2006;112:71-105
  • Kostapanos MS, Milionis HJ, Elisaf MS. Rosuvastatin-associated adverse effects and drug-drug interactions in the clinical setting of dyslipidemia. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2010;10:11-28
  • Ieiri I, Higuchi S, Sugiyama Y. Genetic polymorphisms of uptake (OATP1B1, 1B3) and efflux (MRP2, BCRP) transporters: implications for inter-individual differences in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of statins and other clinically relevant drugs. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2009;5:703-29
  • Fujino H, Yamada I, Shimada S, Metabolic fate of pitavastatin, a new inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase: human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes involved in lactonization. Xenobiotica 2003;33:27-41
  • Cilla DD Jr, Whitfield LR, Gibson DM, Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of atorvastatin, an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, in healthy subjects. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1996;60:687-95
  • Bottorff MB. Statin safety and drug interactions: clinical implications. Am J Cardiol 2006;97:27C-31C
  • Giorgi MA, Caroli C, Arazi HC, Pharmacogenomics and adverse drug reactions: the case of statins. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2011;12:1499-509
  • Thompson PD, Clarkson P, Karas RH. Statin-associated myopathy. JAMA 2003;289:1681-90
  • Azie NE, Brater DC, Becker PA, The interaction of diltiazem with lovastatin and pravastatin. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1998;64:369-77
  • Mousa O, Brater DC, Sunblad KJ, The interaction of diltiazem with simvastatin. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2000;67:267-74
  • Lewin JJ III, Nappi JM, Taylor MH. Rhabdomyolysis with concurrent atorvastatin and diltiazem. Ann Pharmacother 2002;36:1546-9
  • Peces R, Pobes A. Rhabdomyolysis associated with concurrent use of simvastatin and diltiazem. Nephron 2001;89:117-18
  • Park CG, Lee H, Choi JW, Non-concurrent dosing attenuates the pharmacokinetic interaction between amlodipine and simvastatin. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2010;48:497-503
  • Chatzizisis YS, Koskinas KC, Misirli G, Risk factors and drug interactions predisposing to statin-induced myopathy: implications for risk assessment, prevention and treatment. Drug Saf 2010;33:171-87
  • Jones PH, Davidson MH. Reporting rate of rhabdomyolysis with fenofibrate + statin versus gemfibrozil + any statin. Am J Cardiol 2005;95:120-2
  • Prueksaritanont T, Tang C, Qiu Y, Effects of fibrates on metabolism of statins in human hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos 2002;30:1280-7
  • Prueksaritanont T, Subramanian R, Fang X, Glucuronidation of statins in animals and humans: a novel mechanism of statin lactonization. Drug Metab Dispos 2002;30:505-12
  • Kyrklund C, Backman JT, Neuvonen M, Gemfibrozil increases plasma pravastatin concentrations and reduces pravastatin renal clearance. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2003;73:538-44
  • Corsini A. The safety of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in special populations at high cardiovascular risk. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2003;17:265-85
  • Boyd RA, Stern RH, Stewart BH, Atorvastatin coadministration may increase digoxin concentrations by inhibition of intestinal P-glycoprotein-mediated secretion. J Clin Pharmacol 2000;40:91-8
  • Gallelli L, Ferraro M, Spagnuolo V, Rosuvastatin-induced rhabdomyolysis probably via CYP2C9 saturation. Drug Metabol Drug Interact 2009;24:83-7
  • Mackay J, Fenech M, Myint K. Acute rhabdomyolysis caused by combination therapy with atorvastatin and warfarin. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2012;73:106-7
  • Bates ER, Lau WC, Angiolillo DJ. Clopidogrel-drug interactions. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;57:1251-63
  • Borders-Hemphill V. Concurrent use of statins and amiodarone. Consult Pharm 2009;24:372-9
  • Marot A, Morelle J, Chouinard VA, Concomitant use of simvastatin and amiodarone resulting in severe rhabdomyolysis: a case report and review of the literature. Acta Clin Belg 2011;66:134-6
  • Merz T, Fuller SH. Elevated serum transaminase levels resulting from concomitant use of rosuvastatin and amiodarone. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2007;64:1818-21
  • Nagele H, Behrens S, Hashagen S, Rhabdomyolysis after addition of digitoxin to chronic simvastatin and amiodarone therapy. Drug Metabol Drug Interact 2007;22:195-200
  • FDA. Drug Safety Communication: Revised dose limitation for Zocor (simvastatin) when taken with amiodarone. 2011. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm283137.htm [Last accessed 6 April 2012]
  • Florentin M, Elisaf MS. Simvastatin interactions with other drugs. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2012;11:439-44
  • Neuvonen PJ, Niemi M, Backman JT. Drug interactions with lipid-lowering drugs: mechanisms and clinical relevance. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2006;80:565-81
  • Ryu HJ, Song R, Kim HW, Clinical risk factors for adverse events in allopurinol users. J Clin Pharmacol 2012. [Epub ahead of print]
  • Zeiser R, Youssef S, Baker J, Preemptive HMG-CoA reductase inhibition provides graft-versus-host disease protection by Th-2 polarization while sparing graft-versus-leukemia activity. Blood 2007;110:4588-98
  • Penel N, Blay JY, Adenis A. Imatinib as a possible cause of severe rhabdomyolysis. N Engl J Med 2008;358:2746-7
  • Filppula A, Laitila J, Neuvonen P, Potent mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 by imatinib explains its liability to interact with CYP3A4 substrates. Br J Pharmacol 2012;165:2787-98
  • O'Brien SG, Meinhardt P, Bond E, Effects of imatinib mesylate (STI571, Glivec) on the pharmacokinetics of simvastatin, a cytochrome p450 3A4 substrate, in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia. Br J Cancer 2003;89:1855-9
  • Hardwicke RL, Lewis ST, Grimes RM. Evaluation and pharmacologic management of the HIV-infected patient with dyslipidemia. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2010;21:429-38
  • Aberg JA. Cardiovascular complications in HIV management: past, present, and future. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2009;50:54-64
  • Aberg JA. Lipid management in patients who have HIV and are receiving HIV therapy. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2009;38:207-22
  • Dube MP, Stein JH, Aberg JA, Guidelines for the evaluation and management of dyslipidemia in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults receiving antiretroviral therapy: recommendations of the HIV Medical Association of the Infectious Disease Society of America and the Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:613-27
  • Lo J. Dyslipidemia and lipid management in HIV-infected patients. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2011;18:144-7
  • Lundgren JD, Battegay M, Behrens G, European AIDS Clinical Society (EACS) guidelines on the prevention and management of metabolic diseases in HIV. HIV Med 2008;9:72-81
  • Malvestutto CD, Aberg JA. Management of dyslipidemia in HIV-infected patients. Clin Lipidol 2011;6:447-62
  • Josephson F. Drug-drug interactions in the treatment of HIV infection: focus on pharmacokinetic enhancement through CYP3A inhibition. J Intern Med 2010;268:530-9
  • Yeh RF, Gaver VE, Patterson KB, Lopinavir/ritonavir induces the hepatic activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP1A2 but inhibits the hepatic and intestinal activity of CYP3A as measured by a phenotyping drug cocktail in healthy volunteers. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2006;42:52-60
  • Drewe J, Gutmann H, Fricker G, HIV protease inhibitor ritonavir: a more potent inhibitor of P-glycoprotein than the cyclosporine analog SDZ PSC 833. Biochem Pharmacol 1999;57:1147-52
  • Perloff MD, Von Moltke LL, Marchand JE, Ritonavir induces P-glycoprotein expression, multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1) expression, and drug transporter-mediated activity in a human intestinal cell line. J Pharm Sci 2001;90:1829-37
  • Fichtenbaum CJ, Gerber JG. Interactions between antiretroviral drugs and drugs used for the therapy of the metabolic complications encountered during HIV infection. Clin Pharmacokinet 2002;41:1195-211
  • Moreno A, Fortun J, Graus J, Severe rhabdomyolysis due to rosuvastatin in a liver transplant subject with human immunodeficiency virus and immunosuppressive therapy-related dyslipidemia. Liver Transpl 2011;17:331-3
  • Holdaas H, Fellstrom B, Jardine AG, Effect of fluvastatin on cardiac outcomes in renal transplant recipients: a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2003;361:2024-31
  • Aliabadi AZ, Mahr S, Dunkler D, Safety and efficacy of statin therapy in patients switched from cyclosporine a to sirolimus after cardiac transplantation. Transplantation 2008;86:1771-6
  • Amundsen R, Christensen H, Zabihyan B, Cyclosporine A, but not tacrolimus, shows relevant inhibition of organic anion-transporting protein 1B1-mediated transport of atorvastatin. Drug Metab Dispos 2010;38:1499-504
  • Dopazo C, Bilbao I, Lazaro JL, Severe rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure secondary to concomitant use of simvastatin with rapamycin plus tacrolimus in liver transplant patient. Transplant Proc 2009;41:1021-4
  • Lin JC, Ito MK. A drug interaction between troglitazone and simvastatin. Diabetes Care 1999;22:2104-6
  • Kyrklund C, Backman JT, Kivisto KT, Rifampin greatly reduces plasma simvastatin and simvastatin acid concentrations. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2000;68:592-7
  • Murphy MJ, Dominiczak MH. Efficacy of statin therapy: possible effect of phenytoin. Postgrad Med J 1999;75:359-60
  • Sugimoto K, Ohmori M, Tsuruoka S, Different effects of St John's wort on the pharmacokinetics of simvastatin and pravastatin. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2001;70:518-24
  • Bailey KM, Romaine SP, Jackson BM, Hepatic metabolism and transporter gene variants enhance response to rosuvastatin in patients with acute myocardial infarction: the GEOSTAT-1 Study. Circ Cardiovasc Genet 2010;3:276-85
  • Akao H, Polisecki E, Kajinami K, Genetic variation at the SLCO1B1 gene locus and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering response to pravastatin in the elderly. Atherosclerosis 2012;220:413-17
  • Ieiri I, Suwannakul S, Maeda K, SLCO1B1 (OATP1B1, an uptake transporter) and ABCG2 (BCRP, an efflux transporter) variant alleles and pharmacokinetics of pitavastatin in healthy volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2007;82:541-7
  • Link E, Parish S, Armitage J, SLCO1B1 variants and statin-induced myopathy – a genome-wide study. N Engl J Med 2008;359:789-99
  • Furihata T, Satoh N, Ohishi T, Functional analysis of a mutation in the SLCO1B1 gene (c.1628T > G) identified in a Japanese patient with pravastatin-induced myopathy. Pharmacogenomics J 2009;9:185-93
  • Oh J, Ban MR, Miskie BA, Genetic determinants of statin intolerance. Lipids Health Dis 2007;6:7
  • Quinzii C, Naini A, Salviati L, A mutation in para-hydroxybenzoate-polyprenyl transferase (COQ2) causes primary coenzyme Q10 deficiency. Am J Hum Genet 2006;78:345-9
  • Schwartz JB. Effects of vitamin D supplementation in atorvastatin-treated patients: a new drug interaction with an unexpected consequence. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2009;85:198-203
  • Agrawal AR, Tandon M, Sharma PL. Effect of combining viscous fibre with lovastatin on serum lipids in normal human subjects. Int J Clin Pract 2007;61:1812-18
  • Prasad GV, Wong T, Meliton G, Rhabdomyolysis due to red yeast rice (Monascus purpureus) in a renal transplant recipient. Transplantation 2002;74:1200-1
  • Dahan A, Altman H. Food-drug interaction: grapefruit juice augments drug bioavailability–mechanism, extent and relevance. Eur J Clin Nutr 2004;58:1-9
  • Kantola T, Kivisto KT, Neuvonen PJ. Grapefruit juice greatly increases serum concentrations of lovastatin and lovastatin acid. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1998;63:397-402
  • Lilja JJ, Kivisto KT, Neuvonen PJ. Grapefruit juice-simvastatin interaction: effect on serum concentrations of simvastatin, simvastatin acid, and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1998;64:477-83
  • Lilja JJ, Kivisto KT, Neuvonen PJ. Grapefruit juice increases serum concentrations of atorvastatin and has no effect on pravastatin. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1999;66:118-27
  • Lilja JJ, Kivisto KT, Neuvonen PJ. Duration of effect of grapefruit juice on the pharmacokinetics of the CYP3A4 substrate simvastatin. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2000;68:384-90
  • Rogers JD, Zhao J, Liu L, Grapefruit juice has minimal effects on plasma concentrations of lovastatin-derived 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1999;66:358-66
  • Shirasaka Y, Suzuki K, Nakanishi T, Differential effect of grapefruit juice on intestinal absorption of statins due to inhibition of organic anion transporting polypeptide and/or P-glycoprotein. J Pharm Sci 2011;100:3843-53
  • Ming EE, Davidson MH, Gandhi SK, Concomitant use of statins and CYP3A4 inhibitors in administrative claims and electronic medical records databases. J Clin Lipidol 2008;2:453-63
  • Stang P, Morris L, Kempf J, The coprescription of contraindicated drugs with statins: continuing potential for increased risk of adverse events. Am J Ther 2007;14:30-40
  • Rowan CG, Brunelli SM, Munson J, Clinical importance of the drug interaction between statins and CYP3A4 inhibitors: a retrospective cohort study in The Health Improvement Network. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2012;21:494-506
  • Varma MV, Rotter CJ, Chupka J, pH-sensitive interaction of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) with organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1. Mol Pharm 2011;8:1303-13
  • Greupink R, Dillen L, Monshouwer M, Interaction of fluvastatin with the liver-specific Na+-dependent taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP). Eur J Pharm Sci 2011;44:487-96

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.