Review of prolonged local anesthetic action

Bibliography

• Grant SA. The Holy Grail: long-acting local anaesthetics and liposomes. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2002;16:345-52
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grant SA, Nielsen KC, Greengrass RA, Continuous peripheral nerve block for ambulatory surgery. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2001;26:209-14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein SM, Grant SA, Greengrass RA, Interscalene brachial plexus block with a continuous catheter insertion system and a disposable infusion pump. Anesth Analg 2000;91:1473-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodgson PS, Neal JM, Pollock JE, Liu SS. The neurotoxicity of drugs given intrathecally (spinal). Anesth Analg 1999;88:797-809
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le Corre P, Estèbe JP, Clément R, Spray-dryed bupivacaine-loaded microspheres: in vitro evaluation and biopharmaceutics of bupivacaine following brachial plexus administration in sheep. Int J Pharm 2002;238:191-203
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shikanov A, Domb AJ, Weiniger CF. Long acting local anesthetic-polymer formulation to prolong the effect of analgesia. J Control Release 2007;117:97-103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sokolsky-Papkov M, Golovanevski L, Domb AJ, Weiniger CF. Prolonged local anesthetic action through slow release from poly (lactic acid co castor oil). Pharm Res 2009;26:32-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mowat JJ, Mok MJ, MacLeod BA, Madden TD. Liposomal bupivacaine. Extended duration nerve blockade using large unilamellar vesicles that exhibit a proton gradient. Anesthesiology 1996;85:635-43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boogaerts JG, Lafont ND, Luo H, Legros FJ. Plasma concentrations of bupivacaine after brachial plexus administration of liposome-associated and plain solutions to rabbits. Can J Anaesth 1993;40:1201-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masters DB, Berde CB, Dutta S, Sustained local anesthetic release from bioerodible polymer matrices: a potential method for prolonged regional anesthesia. Pharm Res 1993;10:1527-32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blanco MD, Bernardo MV, Gómez C, Bupivacaine-loaded comatrix formed by albumin microspheres included in a poly(lactide-co-glycolide) film: in vivo biocompatibility and drug release studies. Biomaterials 1999;20:1919-24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boogaerts JG, Lafont ND, Carlino S, Biodistribution of liposome-associated bupivacaine after extradural administration to rabbits. Br J Anaesth 1995;75:319-25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malinovsky JM, Bernard JM, Le Corre P, Extradural bupivacaine-loaded microspheres and spinal cord blood flow in the chronically instrumented rabbit. Clin Physiol 1997;17:361-70
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dollo G, Thompson DO, Le Corre P, Inclusion complexation of amide-type local anesthetics with beta-cyclodextrin and derivates. III. Biopharmaceutics of bupivacaine-SBE7-beta-CD complex following percutaneous sciatic nerve administration in rabbits. Int J Pharm 1998;164:11-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curley J, Castillo J, Hotz J, Prolonged regional nerve blockade. Injectable biodegradable bupivacaine/polyester microspheres. Anesthesiology 1996;84:1401-10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohane DS, Lipp M, Kinney RC, Sciatic nerve blockade with lipid-protein-sugar particles containing bupivacaine. Pharm Res 2000;17:1243-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dräger C, Benziger D, Gao F, Berde CB. Prolonged intercostal nerve blockade in sheep using controlled-release of bupivacaine and dexamethasone from polymer microspheres. Anesthesiology 1998;89:969-79
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Columb MO, MacLennan K. Local anaesthetic agents. Anaesth Intensive Care Med 2007;8:159-62
   Google Scholar
• Tsuchiya H, Mizogami M, Takakura KJ. Reversed-phase liquid chromatographic retention and membrane activity relationships of local anesthetics. Chromatogr A 2005;1073:303-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butterworth J. In cousins and bridenbaugh's neural blockade in clinical anesthesia and pain medicine. 4th edition. Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins; 2009
   Google Scholar
• Rang H, Dale M, Ritter J, Moore P. Pharmacology. Chapter 43. Churchill Livingstone; 2003. p. 612-18
   Google Scholar
• Pardo L, Blanck TJ, Recio-Pinto E. The neuronal lipid membrane permeability was markedly increased by bupivacaine and mildly affected by lidocaine and ropivacaine. Eur J Pharmacol 2002;455:81-90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanchez V, Ferrante F, Cibotti N, Strichartz GR. Partitioning of tetracaine base and cation into phospholipide membranes: relevance to anesthetic potency. Reg Anesth 1988;13(Suppl):81
   Google Scholar
• Thomas JM, Schug SA. Recent advances in the pharmacokinetics of local anaesthetics. Long-acting amide enantiomers and continuous infusions. Clin Pharmacokinet 1999;36:67-83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moller RA, Covino BG. Cardiac electrophysiological effects of lidocaine and bupivacaine. Anesth Analg 1998;67:107-14
   Google Scholar
• Block A, Covino B. Effect of local anesthetic agent on cardiac conduction and contractility. Reg Anesth 1981;6:55-61
   Google Scholar
• Chamberlain BK, Volpe P, Fleicher S. Inhibition of calcium-induced calcium release from purified cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles. J Biol Chem 1984;259:7547-53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knudsen K, Suurkula MB, Blomberg S, Central nervous and cardiovascular effects of i.v. infusion of ropivacaine, bupivacaine and placebo in volunteers. Br J Anaesth 1997;78:507-14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bardsley H, Gristwood R, Baker H, A comparison of the cardiovascular effects of levobupivacaine, and rac-bupivacaine following intravenous administration to healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1998;46:245-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buyse I, Stockman W, Columb M, Effect of sufentanil on minimum local analgesic concentrations of epidural bupivacaine, ropivacaine and Levobupivacaine in nullipara in early labour. Int J Obstet Anesth 2007;16:22-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aberg G. Toxicological and local anesthetic effects of optically active isomers of two local anesthetic compounds. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol Scand 1972;31:273-86
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Iida H, Watanabe Y, Dohi S, Ishiyama T. Direct effects of ropivacaine and bupivacaine on spinal pial vessels in canine. Anesthesiology 1997;87:75-81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casati A, Borghi B, Fanelli G, A double-blinded, randomized comparison of either 0.5% levobupivacaine or 0.5% ropivacaine for sciatic nerve block. Anesth Analg 2002;94:987-90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slivniak R, Ezra A, Domb AJ. Hydrolytic degradation and drug release of ricinoleic acid-lactic acid copolyesters. Pharm Res 2006;23:1306-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang H, Lu Y, Zhang G, Bupivacaine-loaded biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid microspheres I. Optimization of the drug incorporation into the polymer matrix and modelling of drug release. Int J Pharm 2008;351:244-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lian T, Ho RJ. Trends and developments in liposome drug delivery systems. J Pharm Sci 2001;90:667-80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mashimo T, Uchida I, Pak M, Prolongation of canine epidural anesthesia by liposome encapsulation of lidocaine. Anesth Analg 1992;74:827-34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boogaerts J, Declercq A, Lafont N, Toxicity of bupivacaine encapsulated into liposomes and injected intravenously: comparison with plain solutions. Anesth Analg 1993;76:553-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malinovsky JM, Le Corre P, Meunier JF, A dose-response study of epidural liposomal bupivacaine in rabbits. J Control Release 1999;60:111-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant GJ, Barenholz Y, Piskoun B, DRV liposomal bupivacaine: preparation, characterization, and in vivo evaluation in mice. Pharm Res 2001;18:336-43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall SM, Gregson NA. The in vivo and ultrastructural effects of injection of lysophosphatidyl choline into myelinated peripheral nerve fibres of the adult mouse. J Cell Sci 1971;9:769-89
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malinovsky JM, Benhamou D, Alafandy M, Neurotoxicological assessment after intracisternal injection of liposomal bupivacaine in rabbits. Anesth Analg 1997;85:1331-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pietkiewicz J, Sznitowska M, Placzek M. The expulsion of lipophilic drugs from the cores of solid lipid microspheres in diluted suspensions and in concentrates. Int J Pharm 2006;310:64-71
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohane DS, Lipp M, Kinney RC, Biocompatibility of lipid-protein-sugar particles containing bupivacaine in the epineurium. J Biomed Mater Res 2002;59:450-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen PC, Kohane DS, Park YJ, Injectable microparticle-gel system for prolonged and localized lidocaine release. II. In vivo anesthetic effects. J Biomed Mater Res A 2004;70:459-66
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Colombo G, Langer R, Kohane DS. Effect of excipient composition on the biocompatibility of bupivacaine-containing microparticles at the sciatic nerve. J Biomed Mater Res A 2004;68:651-9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Le Corre P, Rytting JH, Gajan V, In vitro controlled release kinetics of local anaesthetics from poly(D,L-lactide) and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres. J Microencapsul 1997;14:243-55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Görner T, Gref R, Michenot D, Lidocaine-loaded biodegradable nanospheres. I. Optimization of the drug incorporation into the polymer matrix. J Control Release 1999;57:259-68
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sokolsky-Papkov M, Golovanevski G, Domb AJ, Weiniger CF. Prolonged local anesthetic action through slow release from poly (lactic acid castor oil). J Pharm Sci 2010. [Epub ahead of print]
   Google Scholar
• Klose D, Siepmann F, Elkharraz K, Siepmann J. PLGA-based drug delivery systems: importance of the type of drug and device geometry. Int J Pharm 2008;354:95-103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colombo G, Padera R, Langer R, Kohane DS. Prolonged duration local anesthesia with lipid-protein-sugar particles containing bupivacaine and dexamethasone. J Biomed Mater Res A 2005;75:458-64
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jia X, Colombo G, Padera R, Prolongation of sciatic nerve blockade by in situ cross-linked hyaluronic acid. Biomaterials 2004;25:4797-804
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keskin DS, Wise DL, Hasirci V. Pain control via opioid analgesic-local anesthetic loaded IPNs. Curr Drug Deliv 2004;1:57-64
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bernardo MV, Blanco MD, Olmo R, Teijon JM. Delivery of bupivacaine included in poly(acrylamide-co-monomethyl itaconate) hydrogels as a function of the pH swelling medium. J Appl Polym Sci 2002;86:327-334
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaisman B, Motiei M, Nyska A, Domb AJ. Biocompatibility and safety evaluation of a ricinoleic acid-based poly(ester-anhydride) copolymer after implantation in rats. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010;92:419-31
   Google Scholar
• Karashima K, Taniguchi M, Nakamura T, Prolongation of intrathecal and sciatic nerve blocks using a complex of levobupivacaine with maltosyl-beta-cyclodextrin in rats. Anesth Analg 2007;104:1121-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakura S, Bollen AW, Ciriales R, Drasner K. Local anesthetic neurotoxicity does not result from blockade of voltage-gated sodium channels. Anesth Analg 1995;81:338-46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohane DS, Yieh J, Lu NT, A re-examination of tetrodotoxin for prolonged duration local anesthesia. Anesthesiology 1998;89:119-31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Padera RF, Tse JY, Bellas E, Kohane DS. Tetrodotoxin for prolonged local anesthesia with minimal myotoxicity. Muscle Nerve 2006;34:747-53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epstein-Barash H, Shichor I, Kwon AH, Prolonged duration local anesthesia with minimal toxicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009;106:7125-30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brummett CM, Norat MA, Palmisano JM, Lydic R. Perineural administration of dexmedetomidine in combination with bupivacaine enhances sensory and motor blockade in sciatic nerve block without inducing neurotoxicity in rat. Anesthesiology 2008;109:502-11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohane DS, Smith SE, Louis DN, Prolonged duration local anesthesia from tetrodotoxin-enhanced local anesthetic microspheres. Pain 2003;104:415-21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castillo J, Curley J, Hotz J, Glucocorticoids prolong rat sciatic nerve blockade in vivo from bupivacaine microspheres. Anesthesiology 1996;85:1157-66
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holte K, Werner MU, Lacouture PG, Kehlet H. Dexamethasone prolongs local analgesia after subcutaneous infiltration of bupivacaine microcapsules in human volunteers. Anesthesiology 2002;96:1331-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kopacz DJ, Helman JD, Nussbaum CE, A comparison of epidural levobupivacaine 0.5% with or without epinephrine for lumbar spine surgery. Anesth Analg 2001;93:755-60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hung YC, Suzuki S, Chen CC, Calcium chloride prolongs the effects of lidocaine and bupivacaine in rat sciatic nerve. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2009;34:333-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnet CS, Tse JY, Kohane DS. Site 1 sodium channel blockers prolong the duration of sciatic nerve blockade from tricyclic antidepressants. Pain 2004;110:432-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dyhre H, Söderberg L, Björkman S, Carlsson C. Local anesthetics in lipid-depot formulations–neurotoxicity in relation to duration of effect in a rat model. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2006;31:401-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant GJ, Piskoun B, Bansinath M. Analgesic duration and kinetics of liposomal bupivacaine after subcutaneous injection in mice. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2003;30:966-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant GJ, Barenholz Y, Bolotin EM, A novel liposomal bupivacaine formulation to produce ultralong-acting analgesia. Anesthesiology 2004;101:133-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Söderberg L, Dyhre H, Roth B, Björkman S. Ultralong peripheral nerve block by lidocaine:prilocaine 1:1 mixture in a lipid depot formulation: comparison of in vitro, in vivo, and effect kinetics. Anesthesiology 2006;104:110-21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen PC, Park YJ, Chang LC, Injectable microparticle-gel system for prolonged and localized lidocaine release. I. In vitro characterization. J Biomed Mater Res A 2004;70:412-9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boogaerts JG, Lafont ND, Declercq AG, Epidural administration of liposome-associated bupivacaine for the management of postsurgical pain: a first study. J Clin Anesth 1994;6:315-20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamashita A, Matsumoto M, Matsumoto S, A comparison of the neurotoxic effects on the spinal cord of tetracaine, lidocaine, bupivacaine, and ropivacaine administered intrathecally in rabbits. Anesth Analg 2003;97:512-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Padera R, Bellas E, Tse JY, Local myotoxicity from sustained release of bupivacaine from microparticles. Anesthesiology 2008;108:921-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hogan Q, Dotson R, Erickson S, Local anesthetic myotoxicity: a case and review. Anesthesiology 1994;80:942-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foster AH, Carlson BM. Myotoxicity of local anesthetics and regeneration of the damaged muscle fibers. Anesth Analg 1980;59:727-36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zink W, Bohl JR, Hacke N, The long term myotoxic effects of bupivacaine and ropivacaine after continuous peripheral nerve blocks. Anesth Analg 2005;101:548-54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohane DS, Lu NT, Gökgöl-Kline AC, The local anesthetic properties and toxicity of saxitonin homologues for rat sciatic nerve block in vivo. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2000;25:52-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palham MJ. Liposome phospholipids. Toxicological and environmental advantages. In: Brown O, Koring HC, Maibachs HI, editors, Liposome Dermatics, Springer-Verlag, Berlin; 1992. p. 57-68
   Google Scholar
• Clarkson CW, Hondeghem LM. Mechanism for bupivacaine depression of cardiac conduction: fast block of sodium channels during the action potential with slow recovery from block during diastole. Anesthesiology 1985;62:396-405
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stewart J, Kellett N, Castro D. The central nervous system and cardiovascular effects of levobupivacaine and ropivacaine in healthy volunteers. Anesth Analg 2003;97:412-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kottenberg-Assenmacher E, Peters J. Mechanisms of tachyphylaxis in regional anesthesia of long duration. Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1999;34:733-42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mogensen T, Simonsen L, Scott NB, Tachyphylaxis associated with repeated epidural injections of lidocaine is not related to changes in distribution or the rate of elimination from the epidural space. Anesth Analg 1989;69:180-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilder RT, Sholas MG, Berde CB. NG-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) prevents tachyphylaxis to local anesthetics in a dose-dependent manner. Anesth Analg 1996;83:1251-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee KC, Wilder RT, Smith RL, Berde CB. Thermal hyperalgesia accelerates and MK-801 prevents the development of tachyphylaxis to rat sciatic nerve blockade. Anesthesiology 1994;81:1284-93
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toongsuwan S, Li LC, Erickson BK, Chang HC. Formulation and characterization of bupivacaine lipospheres. Int J Pharm 2004;280:57-65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pedersen JL, Lillesø J, Hammer NA, Bupivacaine in microcapsules prolongs analgesia after subcutaneous infiltration in humans: a dose-finding study. Anesth Analg 2004;99:912-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuzma PJ, Kline MD, Calkins MD, Staats PS. Progress in the development of ultra-long-acting local anesthetics. Reg Anesth 1997;22:543-51
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sites BD, Bertrand ML, Gallagher JD. An abnormal clinical course of an ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block using 0.375% bupivacaine. J Clin Anesth 2006;18:449-51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Nasser B. Long-acting local anesthetics at home: do we need to worry? J Clin Anesth 2007;19:239-40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fanelli G, Casati A, Beccaria P, A double-blind comparison of ropivacaine, bupivacaine and mepivacaine during sciatic and femoral nerve blockade. Anesth Analg 1998;87:597-600
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casati A, Fanelli G, Albertin A, Unilateral spinal anesthesia or combined sciatic-femoral nerve block for day-case knee arthroscopy. A prospective, randomized comparison. Minerva Anestesiol 2000;66:39-44
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Casati A, Fanelli G, Cappelleri G, A clinical comparison of ropivacaine 0.75%, ropivacaine 1% or bupivacaine 0.5% for interscalene brachial plexus anaesthesia. Eur J Anaesth 1999;16:784-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bertini L, Tagariello V, Mancini S, 0.75% and 0.5% ropivacaine for axillary brachial plexus block: a clinical comparison with 0.5% bupivacaine. Reg Anesth Pain Med 1999;24:514-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casati A, Santorsola R, Aldegheri G, Intraoperative epidural anesthesia and postoperative surgery: a double-blind, randomised comparison analgesia with levobupivacaine for major orthopedic of racemic bupivacaine and ropivacaine. J Clin Anesth 2003;15:126-31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strichartz GR, Sanchez V, Arthur GR. Fundamental properties of local anesthetics. II. Measured octanol: buffer partition coefficients and pKa values of clinically used drugs. Anesth Analg 1990;71:158-70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leone S, Di Cianni S, Casati A, Fanelli G. Pharmacology, toxicology, and clinical use of new long acting local anesthetics, ropivacaine and levobupivacaine. Acta Biomed 2008;79:92-105
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Masters DB, Domb AJ. Liposphere local anesthetic timed-release for perineural site application. Pharm Res 1998;15:1038-45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Araujo DR, Cereda CM, Brunetto GB, Encapsulation of mepivacaine prolongs the analgesia provided by sciatic nerve blockade in mice. Can J Anaesth 2004;51:566-72
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Araujo DR, Cereda CM, Brunetto GB, Pharmacological and local toxicity studies of a liposomal formulation for the novel local anaesthetic ropivacaine. J Pharm Pharmacol 2008;60:1449-57
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suzuki R, Arai YC, Hamayasu K, Complex of branched cyclodextrin and lidocaine prolonged the duration of peripheral nerve block. J Anesth 2009;23:295-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar