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Review

Recent advances in the use of protein transduction domains for the delivery of peptides, proteins and nucleic acids invivo

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Pages 43-51 | Published online: 22 Apr 2005

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  • ••These two papers ([41 and [51) providedthe first observations of protein transduction by the full-length TAT protein.
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  • •First description of the use of TAT-fusion proteins to modulate the intracellular biology of cultured mammalian cells.
  • LEWIN M, CARLESSO N, TUNG C-H, et al.: Tat peptide-derivatized magnetic nanoparticles allow in vivo tracking and recovery of progenitor cells. Nat. Biotechnol (2000) 18:410–414.
  • EGUCHI A, AKUTA T, OKUYAMA H et al.: Protein transduction domain of HIV-1 Tat protein promotes efficient delivery of DNA into mammalian cells. J.Bio/. Chem. (2001) 276:26204–26210.
  • TORCHILIN VP, RAMMOHAN R, WEISSIG V LEVCHENKO TS: TAT peptide on the surface of liposomes affords their efficient intracellular delivery even at low temperature and in the presence of metabolic inhibitors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (2001) 98:8786–8791.
  • TORCHILIN VP, LEVCHENKO TS, RAMMOHAN R, VOLODINA N, PAPAHADJOPOULOS-STERNBERG B, D'SOUZA GGM: Cell transfection in vitro and in vivo with nontoxic TAT peptide-liposome-DNA complexes. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA (2003) 100:1972–1977.
  • •TAT-mediated delivery of GFP-encoding plasmid DNA to tumours in vivo.
  • WADIA JS, STAN RV, DOWDY SF: Transducible TAT-HA fusogenic peptide enhances escape of TAT-fusion proteins after lipid raft macropinocytosis. Nat. Med. (2004) 10:310–315.
  • ••This study demonstrates that cellularuptake of TAT-fusion proteins occurs by macropinocytosis, a specific form of endocytosis. Based on this knowledge of mechanism, the authors also describe a strategy for enhancing delivery of TAT-fusion proteins to the cellular interior.
  • DEROSSI D, CALVET S, TREMBLEAU A, BRUNISSEN A. CHASSAING G, PROCHIANTZ A: Cell internalization of the third helix of the Antennapedia homeodomain is receptor-independent. J. Biol. Chem. (1996) 271(30): 18188–18193.
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  • SNYDER EL, MEADE BR, SAENZ CC, DOWDY SF: Treatment of a terminal peritoneal carcinomatosis by a transducible p53-activating peptide. PLoS Biology (2004) 2:186–193.
  • ••Describes the use of a transducible p53-activating peptide to effectively treat three different models of cancer, resulting in long-term disease-free survival in one model. This peptide was stabilised by synthesis of a retro-inverso isoform, thus increasing its potency in vivo.
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  • AARNT CR, CHIOREAN MV, HELDEBRANT MP, GORES GJ, KAUFMAN S: Synthetic Smac/DIABLO peptides enhance the effects of chemotherapeutic agents by binding XIAP and cIAP1 in situ. J. Biol. Chem. (2002) 277:44236–44243.
  • FULDA S, WICK W, WELLER M, DEBATIN K-M: Smac agonists sensitize for Apo2L/TRAIL- or anticancer drug-induced apoptosis and induce regression of malignant glioma in vivo. Nat. Med. (2002) 8:808–815.
  • •Another report of long-term survival in a mouse model of cancer; in this case after co-administration of a transducible peptide and an extracellular anticancer agent.
  • VUCIC D, DESHAYES K, ACKERLY H et al.: SMAC negatively regulates the anti-apoptotic activity of melanoma inhibitor of apoptosis (ML-IAP). J.Bio/. Chem. (2002) 277:12275–12279.
  • YANG L, MASHIMA T, SATO S et al: Predominant suppression of apoptosome by inhibitor of apoptosis protein in non-small cell lung cancer H460 cells: therapeutic effect of a novel polyarginine-conjugated smac peptide. Cancer Res. (2003) 63(4):831–837.
  • HARADA H, HIRAOKA M, KIZAKA-KONDOH S: Antitumor effect of TAT-oxygen-dependent degradation-caspase-3 fusion protein specifcally stabilized and activated in hypoxic tumor cells. Cancer Res. (2002) 62:2013–2018.
  • •The first demonstration that specific domains can be added to TAT-fusion proteins in order to control the cells in which they are active.
  • INOUE M, MUKAI M, HAMANAKA Y, TATSUTA M, HIRAOKA M, KIZAKA-KONDOH S: Targeting hypoxic cells with a protein prodrug is effective in experiment malignant ascites. Int. J. Onc. (2004) 25:713–720.
  • WILLAM C, MASSON N, TIAN Y et al:Peptide blockade of HIF-alpha degradation modulates cellular metabolism and angiogenesis. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA (2002) 99(10:10423–10428.
  • MENDOZA N, FONG S, MARSTERS J, KOEPPEN H, SCHWALL R, WICKRAMASINGHE D: Selective cyclin-dependent kinase 2/cyclin a antagonists that differ from ATP site inhibitors block tumor growth. Cancer Res. (2003) 63(5): 1020–1024.
  • HARBOUR JW, WORLEY L, MAD, COHEN M: Transducible peptide therapy for uveal melanoma and retinoblastoma. Arch. Opthalmmol (2002) 120:1341–1346.
  • MAI JC, MI Z, KIM S-H, NG B, ROBBINS PD: A proapoptotic peptide for the treatment of solid tumors. Cancer Res. (2001) 61:7709–7712.
  • DATTA K, SUNDBERG C, KARUMANCHI SA, MUKHOPADHYAY D: The 104-123 amino acid sequence of the beta-domain of von Hippel-Lindau gene product is sufficient to inhibit renal tumor growth and invasion. Cancer Res. (2001) 61:1768–1775.
  • HOSOTANI R, MIYAMOTO Y, FUJIMOTO K et al.: Trojan p16 peptide suppresses pancreatic cancer growth and prolongs survival in mice. Clin. Cancer Res. (2002) 8:1271–1276.
  • BORSELLO T, CLARKE PGH, HIRT L et al.: A peptide inhibitor of c-Jun N terminal kinase protects against excitoxicity and cerebral ischemia. Nat. Med. (2003) 9:1180–1186.
  • •One recent example of the many papers showing that transducible peptides and proteins are effective in the treatment of rodent stroke models. Also notable for the use of a stabilised retro-inverso peptide.
  • HIRT L, BADUAT J, THEVENET J et al: D-JNK1, a cell-penetrating c-Jun-N-terminal kinase inhibitor, protects against cell death in severe cerebral ischemia. Stroke (2004) 35:1738–1743.
  • AARTS M, LIU Y, LIU L et al.: Treatment of ischemic brain damage by perturbing NMDA receptor-PSD-95 protein interactions. Science (2002) 298:846–850.
  • CAO G, PEI W, GE H et al: In vivo delivery of a Bc1-xL fusion protein containing the TAT protein transduction domain protects against ischemic brain injury and neuronal apoptosis. j Neurosci. (2002) 22:5423–5431.
  • KILIC E, DIETZ GPH, HERMANN DM, BAHR M: Intravenous TAT-Bc1-xL is protective after middle cerbral artery occlusion in mice. Ann. NeuroL (2002) 52:617–622.
  • DIETZ GPH, KILIC E, BAHR M: Inhibition of neuronal apoptosis in vitro and in vivo using TAT-mediated protein transduction. Mol Cell. Neurosci. (2002) 21:29–37.
  • ASOH S, OHSAWA I, MORI T et al: Protection against ischemic brain injury by protein therapeutics. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA (2002) 99:17107–17112.
  • BRIGHT R, RAVAL AP, DEMBER JM et al.: Protein Kinase C delta mediates cerebral reperfusion injury in vivo. J. Neurosci. (2004) 24(31):6880–6888.
  • CHEN L, HAHN H, WU G et al.: Opposing cardioprotective actions and parallel hypertrophic effects of deltaPKC and epsilonPKC. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA (2001) 98(20):11114–11119.
  • INAGAKI K, CHEN L, IKENO F et al.: Inhibition of {ö}-protein kinase c protects against reperfusion injury of the ischemic heart in vivo. Circulation (2003) 108(19):2304–2307.
  • GUSTAFSSON AB, SAYEN MR, -WILLIAMS SD, CROW MT, GOTTLIEB RA: TAT protein transduction into isolated perfused hearts. Circulation (2002) 106:735–739.
  • MYOU S, ZHU X, MYO S et al.: Blockadeof airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness by HIV-TAT-dominant negative Ras/ Immunol (2003) 171(8):4379–4384.
  • MYOU S, LEFF AR, MYO S et al.: Blockade of inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in immune-sensitized mice by dominant-negative phosphoinositide 3-kinase-TAT. J. Exp. Med. (2003) 198(10):1573–1582.
  • CLOHISY JC, ROY BC, BIONDO C et al.: Direct inhibition of NF-{K}B blocks bone erosion associated with inflammatory arthritis. J. Immunol. (2003) 171(10):5547–5553.
  • MAY MJ, D-ACQUISITO F, MADGE LA, GLOCKNER J, POBER JS, GHOSH S: Selective inhibition of NF-KB activation by a peptide that blocks the interaction of NEMO with the IKB kinase complex. Science (2000) 289:1550–1554.
  • BUCCI M, GRATTON J-P, RUDIC RD et al: In vivo delivery of the caveolin-1 scaffolding domain inhibits nitric oxide synthesis and reduces inflammation. Nat. Med. (2000) 6:1362–1367.
  • KRAUTWALD S, ZIEGLER E, TIEDE K, PUST R, KUNZENDORF U: Transduction of TAT-FLIP fusion protein results in transient resistance to Fas-induced apoptosis in vivo. J. Biol. Chem. (2004):M401327200.
  • EUM WS, CHOUNG IS, LI MZ et al.: HIV-1 TAT-mediated protein transduction of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase into pancreatic beta cells in vitro and in vivo. Free Radic. Biol. Med. (2004) 37:339–349.
  • BLUM S, DASH PK: A cell-permeable Phospholipase Cyl-binding peptide transduces neurons and impairs long-term spatial memory. Learning Memory (2004) 11:239–243.
  • •Transducible peptides can be used to modulate and study higher cognitive functions such as memory retention.
  • SUGIOKA R, SHIMIZU S, FUNATSU T et al.: BH4-domain peptide from Bc1-xL exerts anti-apoptotic activity in vivo. Oncogene (2003) 22(52):8432–8440.
  • HASHIDA H, MIYAMOTO M, CHO Y et al.: Fusion of HIV-1 Tat protein transduction domain to poly-lysine as a new DNA delivery tool. Br. J. Cancer (2004) 90:1252–1258.

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