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Editorial

Polypill treatments for cardiovascular diseases

&

Bibliography

  • Papers of special note have been highlighted as
  • either of interest (•) or of considerable interest
  • (••) to readers.
  • Baigent C, Keech A, Kearney PM, et al. Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins. Lancet. 2005;366(9493):1267–1278.
  • Law MR, Morris JK, Wald NJ. Use of blood pressure lowering drugs in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis of 147 randomised trials in the context of expectations from prospective epidemiological studies. BMJ. 2009;338:b1665.
  • Baigent C, Blackwell L, Collins R, et al. Aspirin in the primary and secondary prevention of vascular disease: collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised trials. Lancet. 2009;373(9678):1849–1860.
  • Yusuf S, Islam S, Chow CK, et al. Use of secondary prevention drugs for cardiovascular disease in the community in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries (the PURE Study): a prospective epidemiological survey. Lancet. 2011;378(9798):1231–1243.
  • World Health Organization. Secondary prevention of non-communicable disease in low and middle income countries through community-based and health service interventions. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2002 August 1–3.
  • Wald NJ, Law MR. A strategy to reduce cardiovascular disease by more than 80%. BMJ. 2003;326(7404):1419.

•Seminal paper on polypills.

  • Indian Polycap Study, Yusuf S, Pais P, et al. Effects of a polypill (Polycap) on risk factors in middle-aged individuals without cardiovascular disease (TIPS): a phase II, double-blind, randomised trial. [see comment]. Lancet. 2009;373(9672):1341–1351.

••First reported randomized trial of effect of a polypill on short-term risk factors.

  • Malekzadeh F, Marshall T, Pourshams A, et al. A pilot double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial of the effects of fixed-dose combination therapy (‘polypill’) on cardiovascular risk factors. Int J Clin Pract. 2010;64(9):1220–1227.
  • Pill Collaborative Group, Rodgers A, Patel A, et al. An international randomised placebo-controlled trial of a four-component combination pill (“polypill”) in people with raised cardiovascular risk. Plos One. 2011;6(5):e19857.

•Short-term randomized, placebo controlled trial of the effect of a polypill on short-term risk factors.

  • Wald DS, Morris JK, Wald NJ. Randomized polypill crossover trial in people aged 50 and over. PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e41297.

•Short-term randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the effect of a polypill on short-term risk factors.

  • Yusuf S, Pais P, Sigamani A, et al. Comparison of risk factor reduction and tolerability of a full-dose polypill (with potassium) versus low-dose polypill (polycap) in individuals at high risk of cardiovascular diseases: the Second Indian Polycap Study (TIPS-2) investigators. Circ Cardiovasc Quality Outcomes. 2012;5(4):463–471.
  • Castellano JM, Sanz G, Penalvo JL, et al. A polypill strategy to improve adherence: results from FOCUS (Fixed-dose Combination Drug for Secondary Cardiovascular Prevention) Project. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64(20):2071–2082.

•Randomized trial of a polypill vs. individual components.

  • Thom S, Poulter N, Field J, et al. Effects of a fixed-dose combination strategy on adherence and risk factors in patients with or at high risk of CVD: the UMPIRE randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2013;310(9):918–929.

••Randomized trial of a polpyill-based strategy vs. usual care.

  • Patel A, Cass A, Peiris D, et al. A pragmatic randomized trial of a polypill-based strategy to improve use of indicated preventive treatments in people at high cardiovascular disease risk. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2015;22(7):920–930.

••Randomized trial of a polpyill-based strategy vs. usual care.

  • Selak V, Elley CR, Bullen C, et al. Effect of fixed dose combination treatment on adherence and risk factor control among patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease: randomised controlled trial in primary care. BMJ. 2014;348:g3318.

•• Randomized trial of a polpyill-based strategy vs. usual care.

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