Staying Cool: Behavioral Thermoregulation during Summer by Young-of-Year Brook Trout in a Lake

References

• Barton , D. R. , Taylor , W. D. and Biette , R. M. 1985 . Dimensions of riparian buffer strips required to maintain trout habitat in southern Ontario streams . North American Journal of Fisheries Management , 5 : 364 – 378 .
   Google Scholar
• Behnke , R. J. 1992 . Native trout of western North America , Monograph 6 Bethesda, Maryland : American Fisheries Society .
   Google Scholar
• Beitinger , T. L. and Magnuson , J. J. 1975 . Influence of social rank and size on thermoselection behavior of bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) . Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada , 32 : 2133 – 2136 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beitinger , T. L. , Magnuson , J. J. , Neill , W. H. and Shaffer , W. R. 1975 . Behavioural thermoregulation and activity patterns in the green sunfish, Lepomis cyanellus. . Animal Behaviour , 23 : 222 – 229 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biro , P. A. 1996 . Space-use by juvenile brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) in lakes: the central-place territorial model does not apply , Guelph, Ontario : University of Guelph . Master's thesis
   Google Scholar
• Biro , P. A. and Ridgway , M. S. 1995 . Individual variation in foraging movements in a lake population of young-of-the-year brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis. . Behaviour , 132 : 57 – 74 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biro , P. A. , Ridgway , M. S. and McLaughlin , R. L. 1996 . Does the rate of foraging attempts predict ingestion rate for young-of-the-year brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in the field? . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 53 : 1814 – 1820 .
   Google Scholar
• Biro , P. A. , Ridgway , M. S. and Noakes , D. L. G. 1997 . The central-place territorial model does not apply to space-use by juvenile brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) in lakes . Journal of Animal Ecology , 66 : 837 – 845 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blanchfield , P. J. and Ridgway , M. S. 1996 . Use of seepage meters to measure groundwater flow at brook trout redds . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 125 : 813 – 818 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coutant , C. C. 1977 . Compilation of temperature preference data . Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada , 34 : 739 – 745 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curry , R. A. , Brady , C. , Noakes , D. L. G. and Danzmann , R. G. 1997 . Use of small streams by young brook trout spawned in a lake . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 126 : 77 – 83 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danzmann , R. G. and Ihssen , P. E. 1995 . A phylogeographic survey of brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) in Algonquin Park, Ontario, based upon mitochondrial DNA variation . Molecular Ecology , 4 : 681 – 697 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elson , P. F. 1942 . Effect of temperature on activity of Salvelinus fontinalis. . Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada , 5 : 461 – 470 .
   Google Scholar
• Fausch , K. D. 1989 . “ Do gradient and temperature affect distributions of, and interactions between, brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) and other resident salmonids in streams? ” . In Biology of charrs and masu salmon , Edited by: Kawanabe , H. , Yamazaki , F. and Noakes , D. L. G. 303 – 322 . Kyoto University, Kyoto : Physiology and Ecology Japan Special Volume 1 .
   Google Scholar
• Flebbe , P. A. 1994 . A regional view of the margin: salmonid abundance and distribution in the southern Appalachian mountains of North Carolina and Virginia . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 123 : 657 – 667 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fry , F. E. J. Some environmental relations of the speckled trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). Proceedings of the Northeast Atlantic Fisheries Conference 1:29
   Google Scholar
• Fry , F. E. J. , Hart , J. S. and Walker , K. F. 1946 . Lethal temperature relations for a sample of young speckled trout, Salvelinus fontinalis. , Biological Series 54. (Publications of the Ontario Fisheries Research Laboratory 66:9–35.) University of Toronto Studies .
   Google Scholar
• Gibson , R. L. 1966 . Some factors influencing the distributions of brook trout and young Atlantic salmon . Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada , 23 : 1977 – 1980 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant , J. W. A. 1990 . Aggressiveness and the foraging behaviour of young-of-the-year brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 47 : 915 – 920 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griswold , B. L. 1967 . Some aspects of the shore spawning of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis Mitchill) , Orono : University of Maine . Master's thesis
   Google Scholar
• Keenleyside , M. H. A. and Yamamoto , F. T. 1962 . Territorial behaviour of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) . Behaviour , 19 : 139 – 169 .
   Google Scholar
• Kennedy , W. A. 1941 . The migration of fish from a shallow to a deep lake in spring and early summer . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 70 : 391 – 396 .
   Google Scholar
• Lee , D. R. 1977 . A device for measuring seepage flux in lakes and in estuaries . Limnology and Oceanography , 22 : 140 – 147 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacCrimmon , H. R. and Campbell , J. S. 1969 . World distribution of brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis. . Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada , 26 : 1699 – 1725 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magnuson , J. J. , Crowder , L. B. and Medvick , P. A. 1979 . Temperature as an ecological resource . American Zoologist , 19 : 331 – 343 .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , N. V. and Olver , C. H. 1980 . “ The lake charr, Salvelinus namaycush. ” . In Charrs: salmonid fishes of the genus Salvelinus. Dr. W , Edited by: Balon , E. K. 205 – 277 . The Hague, Netherlands : Junk .
   Google Scholar
• Matthews , K. R. and Berg , N. H. 1997 . Rainbow trout responses to water temperature and dissolved oxygen stress in two southern California stream pools . Journal of Fish Biology , 50 : 50 – 67 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthews , K. R. , Berg , N. H. , Azuma , D. L. and Lambert , T. R. 1994 . Cool water formation and trout habitat use in a deep pool in the Sierra Nevada, California . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 123 : 549 – 564 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCormick , J. H. , Hokanson , K. E. F. and Jones , B. R. 1972 . Effects of temperature on growth and survival of young brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis. . Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada , 29 : 1107 – 1112 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLaughlin , R. L. , Grant , J. W. A. and Kramer , D. L. 1992 . Individual variation and alternative patterns of foraging movements in recently-emerged brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) . Behaviour , 120 : 286 – 301 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meisner , J. D. 1990a . Potential loss of thermal habitat for brook trout, due to climatic warming, in two southern Ontario streams . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 119 : 282 – 291 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meisner , J. D. 1990b . Potential effects of climatic warming on the southern margins of the native distribution of brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis. . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 47 : 1065 – 1070 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meisner , J. D. , Rosenfeld , J. S. and Regier , H. A. 1988 . The role of groundwater in the impact of climate warming on stream salmonines . Fisheries , 13(3) : 2 – 8 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielsen , J. L. , Lisle , T. E. and Ozaki , V. 1994 . Thermally stratified pools and their use by steelhead in northern California streams . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 123 : 613 – 626 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsen , R. A. , Winter , J. D. , Nettles , D. C. and Haynes , J. M. 1988 . Resource partitioning in summer by salmonids in south-central Lake Ontario . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 117 : 552 – 559 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ridgway , M. S. and Blanchfield , P. J. Brook trout spawning areas in lakes In press. Ecology of Freshwater Fish
   Google Scholar
• Scott , W. B. and Crossman , E. J. 1973 . Freshwater fishes of Canada Fisheries Research Board of Canada Bulletin 184
   Google Scholar
• Snucins , E. J. and Gunn , J. M. 1995 . Coping with a warm environment: behavioral thermoregulation by lake trout . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 124 : 118 – 123 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sokal , R. R. and Rohlf , F. J. 1981 . Biometry, 1st edition , San Francisco : Freeman .
   Google Scholar
• Tabor , R. A. and Wurtsbaugh , W. A. 1991 . Predation risk and the importance of cover for juvenile rainbow trout in lentic systems . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 120 : 728 – 738 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thorpe , J. E. 1994 . Salmonid flexibility: responses to environmental extremes . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 123 : 606 – 612 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venne , H. and Magnan , P. 1995 . The impact of intra- and interspecific interactions on young-of-the-year brook charr, in temperate lakes . Journal of Fish Biology , 46 : 669 – 686 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wurtsbaugh , W. A. , Brocksen , R. W. and Goldman , C. R. 1975 . Food and distribution of underyearling brook and rainbow trout in Castle Lake, California . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 104 : 88 – 95 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar