Relationships among Feed Intake, Feed Efficiency, and Growth in Juvenile Rainbow Trout

References

• Azevedo , P. A. , Cho , C. Y. , Leeson , S. and Bureau , D. P. 1998 . Effects of feeding level and water temperature on growth, nutrient and energy utilization, and waste outputs of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) . Aquatic Living Resources , 11 : 227 – 238 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azevedo , P. A. , Leeson , S. , Cho , C. Y. and Bureau , D. P. 2004 . Growth, nitrogen and energy utilization of juveniles from four salmonid species: diet, species, and size effects . Aquaculture , 234 : 393 – 414 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter , C. G. , Houlihan , D. , Kiessling , A. , Medale , F. and Jobling , M. 2001 . “ Physiological effects of feeding ” . In Food intake in fish , Edited by: Houlihan , D. , Boujard , T. and Jobling , M. 297 – 331 . Oxford, , UK : Blackwell Scientific Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Cho , C. Y. and Bureau , D. P. 1998 . Development of bioenergetic models and the Fish-PrFEQ software to estimate production, feeding ration, and waste output in aquaculture . Aquatic Living Resources , 11 : 199 – 210 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devlin , R. H. , Biagi , C. A. , Yesaki , T. Y. , Smailus , D. E. and Byatt , J. C. 2001 . Growth of domesticated transgenic fish . Nature (London) , 409 : 781 – 782 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Einen , O. , Moerkoere , T. , Roera , A. M. B. and Thomassen , M. S. 1999 . Feed ration prior to slaughter: a potential tool for managing product quality of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) . Aquaculture , 178 : 149 – 169 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunsett , F. C. 1986 . Problems associated with selection for traits defined as a ratio of two component traits . Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress of Genetics Applied to Livestock Production , 11 : 437 – 442 .
   Google Scholar
• Henryon , M. , Jokumsen , A. , Berg , P. , Lund , I. , Pederson , P. B. , Olesen , N. J. and Slierendrecht , W. J. 2002 . Genetic variation for growth rate, feed conversion efficiency, and disease resistance exists within a farmed population of rainbow trout . Aquaculture , 209 : 59 – 76 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iwama , G. K. and Tautz , A. 1981 . A simple growth model for salmonids in hatcheries . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 38 : 649 – 656 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson , L. S. , Robinson , E. H. , Li , M. H. , Wolters , W. R. and McKee , D. A. 2003 . Restricted and satiate feeding of two genetically isolated strains of juvenile channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus reared on 28% and 32% protein diets . Journal of the World Aquaculture Society , 34 : 478 – 486 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jobling , M. 1995 . Simple indices for the assessment of the influences of social environment on growth performance, exemplified by studies on Arctic charr . Aquaculture International , 3 : 60 – 65 .
   Google Scholar
• Kiessling , A. , Dosanjh , B. , Higgs , D. , Deacon , G. and Rowshandeli , N. 1995 . Dorsal aorta cannulation: a method to monitor changes in blood levels of astaxanthin in voluntarily feeding Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L . Aquaculture Nutrition , 1 : 43 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirkpinar , F. , Acikgoz , Z. , Bozkurt , M. and Ayhan , V. 2004 . Effects of inclusion of poultry by-product meal and enzyme-prebiotic supplementation in grower diets on performance and feed digestibility of broilers . British Poultry Science , 45 : 273 – 279 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lessen , J. T. S. 1989 . Implications of differential growth patterns of broiler chickens. Novus International Available: http://www.novusint.com/Public/Library/TechPaper.asp?ID=7. (November 2003)
   Google Scholar
• Li , M. H. , Manning , B. B. and Robinson , E. H. 2004 . Effect of daily feed intake on feed efficiency of juvenile channel catfish . North American Journal of Aquaculture , 66 : 100 – 105 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mambrini , M. , Medale , F. , Sanchez , M. P. , Recalde , B. , Chevassus , B. , Labbe , L. , Quillet , E. and Boujard , T. 2004a . Selection for growth in brown trout increases feed intake capacity without affecting maintenance and growth requirements . Journal of Animal Science , 82 : 2865 – 2875 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mambrini , M. , Sanchez , M. P. , Chevassus , B. , Labbe , L. , Quillet , E. and Boujard , T. 2004b . Selection for growth increases feed intake and affects feeding behavior of brown trout . Livestock Production Science , 88 : 85 – 98 .
   Google Scholar
• Nicieza , A. G. and Metcalfe , N. B. 1999 . Costs of rapid growth: the risk of aggression is higher for fast-growing salmon . Functional Ecology , 13 : 793 – 800 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nikki , J. , Pirhonen , J. , Jobling , M. and Karjalainen , J. 2004 . Compensatory growth in juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), held individually . Aquaculture , 235 : 285 – 296 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogata , H. Y. , Oku , H. and Murai , T. 2002 . Growth, feed efficiency, and feed intake of offspring from selected and wild Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) . Aquaculture , 211 : 183 – 193 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rasmussen , R. S. and Ostenfeld , T. H. 2000 . Effect of growth rate on quality traits and feed utilization of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis . Aquaculture , 184 : 327 – 337 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanchez , M. P. , Chevassus , B. , Labbé , L. , Quillet , E. and Mambrini , M. 2001 . Selection for growth of brown trout (Salmo trutta) affects feed intake but not feed efficiency . Aquatic Living Resources , 14 : 41 – 48 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SAS Institute. 1999 . SAS/STAT, version 8.2 , Cary, North Carolina : SAS Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Shang , Y. C. 1990 . Aquaculture economic analysis: an introduction , Baton Rouge, Louisiana : World Aquaculture Society .
   Google Scholar
• Silverstein , J. T. , Bosworth , B. G. , Waldbieser , G. C. and Wolters , W. R. 2001 . Feed intake in channel catfish: is there a genetic component? . Aquaculture Research , 32 ( Supplement 1 ) : 199 – 205 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silverstein , J. T. , Hostuttler , M. and Blemings , K. P. 2005 . Strain differences in feed efficiency measured as residual feed intake in individually reared rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) . Aquaculture Research , 36 : 704 – 711 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , R. R. , Kincaid , H. L. , Regenstein , J. M. and Rumsey , G. L. 1988 . Growth, carcass composition, and taste of rainbow trout of different strains fed diets containing primarily plant or animal protein . Aquaculture , 70 : 309 – 321 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Storebakken , T. and Austreng , E. 1987 . Ration level for salmonids, 1. Growth, survival, body composition, and feed conversion in Atlantic salmon fry and fingerlings . Aquaculture , 60 : 189 – 206 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thodeson , J. , Gjerde , B. , Grisdale-Helland , B. and Storebakken , T. 2001 . Genetic variation in feed intake, growth, and feed utilization in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar . Aquaculture , 194 : 273 – 281 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thodeson , J. , Grisdale-Helland , B. , Helland , S. J. and Gjerde , B. 1999 . Feed intake, growth, and feed utilization of offspring from wild and selected Atlantic salmon Salmo salar . Aquaculture , 180 : 237 – 246 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vøllestad , L. A. and Quinn , T. P. 2003 . Trade-off between growth rate and aggression in juvenile coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch . Animal Behavior , 66 : 561 – 568 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar