A Three-Dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Model Analysis of Free Surface Hydrodynamics and Fish Passage Energetics in a Vertical-Slot Fishway

References

• Bates , K. M. 1992 . Fishway design guidelines for Pacific salmon , Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Working Paper 1.6,1/97 Olympia
   Google Scholar
• Beauchamp , D. A. , Stewart , D. J. and Thomas , G. L. 1989 . Corroboration of a bioenergetics model for sockeye salmon . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 118 : 597 – 607 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brett , J. R. 1995 . “ Energetics ” . In Physiological ecology of Pacific salmon Edited by: Groot , C. , Margolis , L. and Clark , W. C. 3 – 68 . Vancouver : University of British Columbia Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bunt , C. M. 2001 . Fishway entrance modifications enhance fish attraction . Fisheries Management and Ecology , 8 : 95 – 106 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bunt , C. M. , Katopodis , C. and McKinley , R. S. 1999 . Attraction and passage efficiency of white suckers and smallmouth bass by two Denil fishways . North American Journal of Fisheries Management , 19 : 793 – 803 .
   Google Scholar
• Castro-Santos , T. 2004 . Quantifying the combined effects of attempt rate and swimming capacity on passage through velocity barriers . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 61 : 1602 – 1615 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen , Q. , Dai , G. and Liu , H. 2002 . Volume of fluid method for turbulence numerical simulation of stepped spillway overflow . Journal of Hydraulic Engineering , 128 : 683 – 688 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chow , V. T. 1973 . Open-channel hydraulics Boston : McGraw-Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Clay , C. H. 1995 . Design of fishways and other facilities Ann Arbor, Michigan : Lewis Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Computational Dynamics, Ltd. 1999 . Methodology: STAR-CD, version 3.10, London
   Google Scholar
• Domenici , P. and Blake , R. W. 1997 . The kinematics and performance of fast-start swimming . Journal of Experimental Biology , 200 : 1165 – 1178 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ge , L. and Sotiropoulos , F. 2005 . 3-D unsteady RANS modeling of complex hydraulic engineering flows, I. numerical model . Journal of Hydraulic Engineering , 131 : 800 – 808 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guiny , E. , Ervine , D. A. and Armstrong , J. D. 2005 . Hydraulic and biological aspects of fish passages for Atlantic salmon . Journal of Hydraulic Engineering , 131 : 542 – 553 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haefner , J. W. and Bowen , M. D. 2002 . Physically based model of fish movement in fish extraction facilities . Ecological Modelling , 152 : 227 – 245 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haro , A. , Castro-Santos , T. , Noreika , J. and Odeh , M. 2004 . Swimming performance of upstream fishes in open-channel flow: a new approach to predicting passage through velocity barriers . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 61 : 1590 – 1601 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haro , A. , Odeh , M. , Castro-Santos , T. and Noreika , J. 1999 . Effect of slope and headpond on passage of American shad and blueback herring through simple Denil and deepened Alaska steeppass fishways . North American Journal of Fisheries Management , 19 : 51 – 58 .
   Google Scholar
• Hinch , S. G. and Bratty , J. 2000 . Effects of swim speed and activity pattern on success of adult sockeye salmon migration through an area of difficult passage . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 129 : 598 – 606 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hinch , S. G. and Rand , P. S. 1998 . Swim speeds and energy use of upriver-migrating sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka): role of local environment and fish characteristics . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 55 : 1821 – 1831 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hinch , S. G. and Rand , P. S. 2000 . Optimal swimming speeds and forward-assisted propulsion: energy-conserving behaviors of upriver-migrating adult salmon . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 57 : 2470 – 2478 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hinch , S. G. , Standen , E. M. , Healey , M. C. and Farrell , A. P. 2002 . Swimming patterns and behavior of upriver-migrating adult pink (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and sockeye (O. nerka) salmon as assessed by EGM telemetry in the Fraser River, British Columbia, Canada . Hydrobiologia , 483 : 147 – 160 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirt , C. W. and Nichols , B. D. 1981 . Volume of fluid (VOF) method of the dynamics of free boundaries . Journal of Computational Physics , 39 : 201 – 225 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ICEM CFD Engineering.13 2000. Tutorial manual: meshing modules, version 4.0 Berkeley, California : ICEM CFD Engineering .
   Google Scholar
• Khan , L. A. , Wicklein , E. A. and Teixeira , E. C. Validation of a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model of a contact tank In press. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
   Google Scholar
• Khan , L. A. , Wicklein , E. A. , Rashid , M. , Ebner , L. L. and Richards , N. A. 2004 . Computational fluid dynamics modeling of turbine intake hydraulics at a hydropower plant . Journal of Hydraulic Research , 42 : 61 – 69 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan , L. A. , Wicklein , E. A. and Rashid , M. 2005 . A 3-D CFD model analysis of the hydraulics of an outfall structure at a power plant . Journal of Hydroinformatics , 7 : 283 – 290 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , J. H. 2001 . Hydraulic characteristics by weir type in a pool-weir fishway . Ecological Engineering , 16 : 425 – 433 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai , Y. G. , Weber , L. J. and Patel , V. C. 2003 . Nonhydrostatic three-dimensional model for hydraulic flow simulation, I. formulation and verification . Journal of Hydraulic Engineering , 129 : 196 – 205 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laine , A. , Kamula , R. and Hooli , J. 1998 . Fish and lamprey passage in a combined Denil and vertical-slot fishway . Fisheries Management and Ecology , 5 : 31 – 44 .
   Google Scholar
• Liggett , J. A. 1994 . Fluid mechanics New York : McGraw-Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Lomax , H. , Pulliam , T. H. and Zingg , D. W. 2001 . Fundamentals of computational fluid dynamics Berlin : Springer-Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Pettersson , L. B. and Bronmark , C. 1999 . Energetic consequences on an inducible morphological defense in crucian carp . Oecologia , 121 : 12 – 18 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powers , P. A. , Orsborn , J. F. , Bumstead , T. W. , Klinger-Kingsley , S. and Mih , W. C. 1986 . Fishways: an assessment of their development and design , Project 82–14 Portland, Oregon : Bonneville Power Administration .
   Google Scholar
• Puertas , J. , Pena , L. and Teijeiro , T. 2004 . Experimental approach to the hydraulics of vertical-slot fishways . Journal of Hydraulic Engineering , 130 : 10 – 23 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajaratnam , N. , Katopodis , C. and Solanki , S. 1992 . New designs for vertical-slot fishways . Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering , 19 : 402 – 414 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salaheldin , T. M. , Imran , J. and Chaudhry , M. H. 2003 . Numerical modeling of three-dimensional flow field around circular piers . Journal of Hydraulic Engineering , 130 : 91 – 100 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savage , B. M. and Johnson , M. C. 2001 . Flow over Ogee spillway: physical and numerical model case study . Journal of Hydraulic Engineering , 127 : 640 – 649 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmetterling , D. A. , Pierce , R. W. and Liermann , B. W. 2002 . Efficacy of three Denil fish ladders for low-flow fish passage in two tributaries to the Blackfoot River, Montana . North American Journal of Fisheries Management , 22 : 929 – 933 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schultz , W. W. and Webb , A. W. 2002 . Power requirements of swimming: do new methods resolve old questions? . Integrative and Comparative Biology , 42 : 1018 – 1025 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sfakiotakis , M. , Lane , D. M. and Davis , J. B. C. 1999 . Review of fish swimming modes for aquatic locomotion . IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering , 24 : 237 – 252 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shigematsu , T. , Liu , P. L-F. and Oda , K. 2004 . Numerical modeling of the initial stages of dam-break waves . Journal of Hydraulic Research , 42 : 183 – 195 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Standen , E. M. , Hinch , S. G. , Healey , M. C. and Parrell , A. P. 2002 . Energetic costs of migration through the Fraser River Canyon, British Columbia, in adult pink (Oncorhynchus garbuscha) and sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) salmon as assessed by EGM telemetry . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 59 : 1808 – 1818 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stuart , I. G. and Berghuis , A. P. 2002 . Upstream passage of fish through a vertical-slot fishway in an Australian subtropical river . Fisheries Management and Ecology , 9 : 111 – 122 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomson , J. F. , Soni , B. K. and Weatherill , N. P. 1999 . Handbook of grid generation Boca Raton, Florida : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Triantafyllou , M. S. , Triantafyllous , G. S. and Yue , D. K. P. 2000 . Hydrodynamics of fishlike swimming . Annual Reviews in Fluid Mechanics , 32 : 33 – 53 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vogel , S. 1994 . Life in moving fluids Princeton, New Jersey : Princeton University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Webb , P. W. 1971 . The swimming energetics of trout, I. Thrust and power output at cruising speeds . Journal of Experimental Biology , 55 : 489 – 520 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webb , P. W. 1995 . “ Locomotion ” . In Physiological ecology of pacific salmon Edited by: Groot , C. , Margolis , L. and Clark , W. C. 71 – 99 . Vancouver : University of British Columbia Press .
   Google Scholar
• Wilcox , D. C. 2000 . Turbulence modeling for CFD La Canada, California : DCW Industries, Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Wolfgang , M. J. , Anderson , J. M. , Grosenbaugh , M. A. , Yue , D. K. P. and Triantafyllou , M. S. 1999 . Near-body flow dynamics in swimming fish . Journal of Experimental Biology , 202 : 2303 – 2327 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu , S. , Rajaratnam , N. and Katopodis , C. 1999 . Structure of flow in vertical-slot fishway . Journal of Hydraulic Engineering , 125 : 352 – 360 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar