Genetic Assessment of Sheepshead Stock Structure in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: Morphological Divergence in the Face of Gene Flow

References

• Adcock , G. J. , Ramirez , J. H. B. , Hauser , L. , Smith , P. and Carvalho , G. R. 2000 . Screening of DNA polymorphisms in samples of archived scales from New Zealand snapper . Journal of Fish Biology , 56 : 1283 – 1287 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allendorf , F. W. and Phelps , S. R. 1981 . Use of allelic frequencies to describe population structure . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 38 : 1507 – 1514 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson , J. 2007 . Systematics of the North American menhadens: molecular evolutionary reconstructions in the genus Brevoortia (Clupeiformes: Clupeidae) . U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service Fishery Bulletin , 205 : 368 – 378 .
   Google Scholar
• Andolfatto , P. 2001 . Adaptive hitchhiking effects on genome variability . Current Opinion in Genetics and Development , 11 : 635 – 641 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Avise , J. C. 1992 . Molecular population structure and the biogeographic history of a regional fauna: a case history with lessons for conservation biology . Oikos , 63 : 62 – 76 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Avise , J. C. and Wollenberg , K. 1997 . Phylogenetics and the origin of species . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA , 94 : 7748 – 7755 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bickford , D. , Lohman , D. J. , Sodhi , N. S. , Ng , P. K. L. , Meier , R. , Winker , K. , Ingram , K. K. and Das , I. 2006 . Cryptic species as a window on diversity and conservation . Trends in Ecology and Evolution , 22 : 148 – 155 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caldwell , D. K. 1958 . Notes on the barred patterns in the sheepsheads, Archosargus probatocephalus and Archosargus oviceps . Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences , 21 : 138 – 144 .
   Google Scholar
• Caldwell , D. K. 1965 . Systematics and variation in the sparid fish Archosargus probatocephalus . Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences , 64 : 89 – 100 .
   Google Scholar
• Cavalli-Sforza , L. L. and Edwards , A. W. F. 1967 . Phylogenetic analysis: models and estimation procedures . American Journal of Human Genetics , 19 : 233 – 257 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charlesworth , B. 1998 . Measures of divergence between populations and the effects of forces that reduce variability . Molecular Biology and Evolution , 15 : 538 – 543 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen , S. L. , Liu , Y. G. , Xu , M. Y. and Li , J. 2005 . Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci from an EST-library of red sea bream (Chrysophrys major) and cross-species amplification . Molecular Ecology Notes , 5 : 215 – 217 .
   Google Scholar
• Cochran , W. G. 1952 . The chi-square goodness-of-fit test . Annals of Mathematical Statistics , 23 : 315 – 345 .
   Google Scholar
• Conover , D. O. , Clark , L. M. , Munch , S. B. and Wagner , G. N. 2006 . Spatial and temporal scales of adaptive divergence in marine fishes and the implications for conservation . Journal of Fish Biology , 69 : 21 – 47 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeWitt , T. J. and Scheiner , S. M. 2004 . “ Phenotypic variation from single genotypes ” . In Phenotypic plasticity: functional and conceptual approaches Edited by: DeWitt , T. J. and Sheiner , S. M. 1 – 9 . New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• DeWitt , T. J. , Sih , A. and Wilson , D. S. 1998 . Costs and limits of phenotypic plasticity . Trends in Ecology and Evolution , 13 : 77 – 81 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doukakis , P. , Birstein , V. J. , Ruban , G. I. and Desalle , R. 1999 . Molecular genetic analysis among subspecies of two Eurasian sturgeon species, Acipenser baerii and A. stellatus . Molecular Ecology , 8 : S117 – S127 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dutka-Gianelli , J. and Murie , D. J. 2001 . Age and growth of sheepshead, Archosargus probatocephalus (Pisces: Sparidae), from the northwest coast of Florida . Bulletin of Marine Science , 68 : 69 – 83 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El Mousadik , A. and Petit , R. J. 1996 . High level of genetic differentiation for allelic richness among populations of the argan tree (Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels) endemic to Morocco . Theoretical and Applied Genetics , 92 : 832 – 839 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emelianov , I. , Marec , F. and Mallet , J. 2003 . Genomic evidence for divergence with gene flow in host races of the larch budmoth . Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B , 217 : 97 – 105 .
   Google Scholar
• Excoffier , L. , Laval , G. and Schneider , S. 2005 . Arlequin ver. 3.0: an integrated software package for population genetics data analysis . Evolutionary Bioinformatics Online , 1 : 47 – 50 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Excoffier , L. , Smouse , P. E. and Quattro , J. M. 1992 . Analysis of molecular variance inferred from metric distances among DNA haplotypes: application to human mitochondrial DNA restriction data . Genetics , 131 : 479 – 491 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Felsenstein , J. 2005 . PHYLIP (Phylogeny Inference Package) version 3.65 Washington Seattle : Department of Genome Sciences, University of . Distributed by the author
   Google Scholar
• Fitzsimons , J. M. and Parker , R. M. 1985 . Karyology of the sparid fishes Lagodon rhomboids and Archosargus probatocephalus (Osteichthyes, Perciformes) from coastal Louisiana, North Carolina, and Florida . Proceedings of the Louisiana Academy of Sciences , 48 : 86 – 92 .
   Google Scholar
• Gavrilets , S. 2006 . The Maynard Smith model of sympatric speciation . Journal of Theoretical Biology , 239 : 172 – 182 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilhen , J. , Gruchy , C. G. and McAllister , D. E. 1976 . The sheepshead, Archosargus probatocephalus, and the feather blenny, Hypsoblennius hentzi, two additions to the Canadianantic ichthyofauna . Canadian Field Naturalist , 90 : 42 – 46 .
   Google Scholar
• Ginsburg , I. 1952 . Eight new fishes from the Gulf coast of the United States, with two new genera and notes on geographic distribution . Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences , 42 : 84 – 101 .
   Google Scholar
• Goudet , J. 1995 . FSTAT (vers. 1.2): a computer program to calculate F-statistics . Journal of Heredity , 86 : 485 – 486 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant , W. S. , Clark , A. M. and Bowen , B. W. 1998 . Why restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of mitochondrial DNA failed to resolve sardine (Sardinops) biogeography: insights from mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b sequences . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 55 : 2539 – 2547 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harpending , R. C. 1994 . Signature of ancient population growth in a low-resolution mitochondrial DNA mismatch distribution . Human Biology , 66 : 591 – 600 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeanmougin , F. , Thompson , J. D. , Gouy , M. , Higgins , D. G. and Gibson , T. J. 1998 . Multiple sequence alignment with Clustal X . Trends in Biochemical Science , 23 : 403 – 405 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jennings , C. A. 1985 . “ Species profiles: life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fisheries and invertebrates (Gulf of Mexico): sheepshead ” . In U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report 82
   Google Scholar
• Johnsen , A. , Andersson , S. , Garcia Fernandez , J. , Kempenaers , B. , Pavel , V. , Questiau , S. , Raess , M. , Rindal , E. and Lifjeld , J. T. 2006 . Molecular and phenotypic divergence in the bluethroat (Luscinia svecica) subspecies complex . Molecular Ecology , 15 : 4033 – 4047 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kimura , M. A. 1980 . Simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences . Journal of Molecular Evolution , 16 : 111 – 120 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maddison , D. R. , Swofford , D. L. and Maddison , W. P. 1997 . NEXUS: an extensible file format for systematic information . Systematic Biology , 46 : 590 – 621 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maynard Smith , J. 1966 . Sympatric speciation . American Naturalist , 100 : 637 – 650 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKay , J. K. and Latta , R. G. 2002 . Adaptive population divergence: markers, QTL and traits . Trends in Ecology and Evolution , 17 : 285 – 291 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMillan , W. O. and Palumbi , S. R. 1997 . Rapid rate of control-region evolution in Pacific butterflyfishes (Chaetodontidae) . Journal of Molecular Evolution , 45 : 473 – 484 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information). 2007 . Core nucleotide database Available: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=nuccore. (December 2007)
   Google Scholar
• Nei , M. 1987 . Molecular evolutionary genetics New York : Columbia University Press .
   Google Scholar
• NMFS (National Marine Fisheries Service). 2007 . Available: www.st.nmfs.gov/st1/index.html. (December 2007)
   Google Scholar
• Palsbøll , P. J. , Bérubé , M. and Allendorf , F. W. 2006 . Identification of management units using population genetic data . Trends in Ecology and Evolution , 22 : 11 – 16 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palumbi , S. R. 1994 . Genetic divergence, reproductive isolation, and marine speciation . Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics , 25 : 547 – 572 .
   Google Scholar
• Palumbi , S. R. 1996 . “ Macrospatial genetic structure and speciation in marine taxa with high dispersal abilities ” . In Molecular zoology, advances, strategies and protocols Edited by: Ferraris , J. D. and Palumbi , S. R. 101 – 117 . New York : Wiley-Liss .
   Google Scholar
• Palumbi , S. R. 2003 . Population genetics, demographic connectivity, and the design of marine reserves . Ecological Applications , 13 : S146 – S158 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Price , T. D. , Qvarnström , A. and Irwin , D. E. 2003 . The role of phenotypic plasticity in driving genetic evolution . Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B , 270 : 1433 – 1440 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pritchard , E. S. 2005 . Fisheries of the United States 2004 Silver Spring, Maryland : National Marine Fisheries Service, Office of Science and Technology .
   Google Scholar
• Pritchard , J. K. , Stephens , M. and Donnelly , P. 2000 . Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data . Genetics , 155 : 945 – 959 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pritchard , J. K. and Wen , W. 2004 . Documentation for structure software: version 2 Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago . Available: pritch.bsd.uchicago.edu. (July 2007)
   Google Scholar
• Render , J. H. and Wilson , C. A. 1992 . Reproductive biology of sheepshead in the northern Gulf of Mexico . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 121 : 757 – 764 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogers , A. R. and Harpending , H. 1992 . Population growth makes waves in the distribution of pairwise genetic differences . Molecular Biology and Evolution , 9 : 552 – 569 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rozas , J. , Sanchez-DelBarrio , J. C. , Messeguer , X. and Rozas , R. 2003 . DnaSP, DNA polymorphism analyses by the coalescent and other methods . Bioinformatics , 19 : 2496 – 2497 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz , F. J. 1990 . Length-weight, age and growth, and landings observations for sheepshead (Archosargus probatocephalus) from North Carolina . U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service Fishery Bulletin , 88 : 829 – 832 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz , M. K. , Luikart , G. and Waples , R. S. 2006 . Genetic monitoring as a promising tool for conservation and management . Trends in Ecology and Evolution , 22 : 25 – 33 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sedberry , G. R. 1987 . Feeding habits of sheepshead, Archosargus probatocephalus, in offshore reef habitats of the southeastern continental shelf . Northeast Gulf Science , 9 : 29 – 37 .
   Google Scholar
• Slatkin , M. and Hudson , R. R. 1991 . Pairwise comparisons of mitochondrial DNA sequences in stable and exponentially growing populations . Genetics , 129 : 555 – 562 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , T. I. J. and Clugston , J. P. 1997 . Status and management of Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrinchus, in North America . Environmental Biology of Fishes , 48 : 335 – 346 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sultan , S. E. and Spencer , H. G. 2002 . Metapopulation structure favors plasticity over local adaptation . American Naturalist , 160 : 271 – 283 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takagi , M. , Taniguchi , N. , Cook , D. and Doyle , R. W. 1997 . Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci from red sea bream Pagrus major and detection in closely related species . Fisheries Science , 63 : 199 – 204 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tremain , D. M. , Harnden , C. W. and Adams , D. H. 2003 . Multidirectional movements of sportfish species between an estuarine no-take zone and surrounding waters of the Indian River Lagoon, Florida . U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service Fishery Bulletin , 102 : 533 – 544 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucker , J. W. Jr. and Barbera , P. A. 1987 . Laboratory spawning of sheepshead . Progressive Fish-Culturist , 49 : 229 – 230 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanderkooy , S. J. 2006 . The sheepshead fishery of the Gulf of Mexico, United States: a fisheries profile Ocean Springs, Mississippi : Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission . Fishery Profile Publication 143
   Google Scholar
• van Oppen , M. J. H. , Turner , G. F. , Rico , C. , Robinson , R. L. , Deutsch , J. C. , Genner , M. J. and Hewitt , G. M. 1998 . Assortative mating among rock-dwelling cichlid fishes supports high estimates of species richness from Lake Malawi . Molecular Ecology , 7 : 991 – 1001 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Via , S. 2001 . Sympatric speciation in animals: the ugly duckling grows up . Trends in Ecology and Evolution , 16 : 381 – 390 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vogler , A. P. and Desalle , R. 1994 . Diagnosing units of conservation management . Conservation Biology , 8 : 354 – 363 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waples , R. S. and Gaggiotti , O. 2006 . What is a population? An empirical evaluation of some genetic methods for identifying the number of gene pools and their degree of connectivity . Molecular Ecology , 15 : 1419 – 1439 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilding , C. S. , Butlin , R. K. and Grahame , J. 2001 . Differential gene exchange between parapatric morphs of Littorina saxatilis detected using AFLP markers . Journal of Evolutionary Biology , 14 : 611 – 619 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xia , X. and Xie , Z. 2001 . DAMBE: data analysis in molecular biology and evolution . Journal of Heredity , 92 : 371 – 373 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar