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Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy Volume 15, 2015 - Issue 12
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Reviews

Advanced dual-energy CT for head and neck cancer imaging

Reza ForghaniDepartment of Radiology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital & McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaCorrespondence[email protected]
Pages 1489-1501 | Published online: 04 Nov 2015

References

  • Papers of special note have been highlighted as:
  • * of interest to readers
  • ** of considerable interest to readers
  • Johnson TRC, Kalender WA. Physical background. In: Johnson T, Fink C, Schönberg SO, et al., editors. Dual energy CT in clinical practice. Berlin: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg; 2011. p. 3–9.

**Chapter in a book dedicated to dual-energy CT providing an overview of basic principles

**Review article providing an overview of dual-energy CT principles and approaches to scanning

  • De Cecco CN, Darnell A, Rengo M, et al. Dual-energy CT: oncologic applications. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2012;199(5 Suppl):S98–S105. DOI:10.2214/AJR.12.9207.
  • Heye T, Nelson RC, Ho LM, et al. Dual-energy CT applications in the abdomen. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2012;199(5 Suppl):S64–S70. DOI:10.2214/AJR.12.9196.
  • Lu GM, Zhao Y, Zhang LJ, et al. Dual-energy CT of the lung. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2012;199(5 Suppl):S40–S53. DOI:10.2214/AJR.12.9112.
  • Pomerantz SR, Kamalian S, Zhang D, et al. Virtual monochromatic reconstruction of dual-energy unenhanced head CT at 65-75 keV maximizes image quality compared with conventional polychromatic CT. Radiology. 2013;266(1):318–325. DOI:10.1148/radiol.12111604.
  • Postma AA, Hofman PA, Stadler AA, et al. Dual-energy CT of the brain and intracranial vessels. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2012;199(5 Suppl):S26–S33. DOI:10.2214/AJR.12.9115.
  • Vliegenthart R, Pelgrim GJ, Ebersberger U, et al. Dual-energy CT of the heart. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2012;199(5 Suppl):S54–S63. DOI:10.2214/AJR.12.9208.
  • Vogl TJ, Schulz B, Bauer RW, et al. Dual-energy CT applications in head and neck imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2012;199(5 Suppl):S34–S39. DOI:10.2214/AJR.12.9113.

*Review article on early emerging applications of dual-energy CT scanning for head and neck imaging

  • Kuno H, Onaya H, Iwata R, et al. Evaluation of cartilage invasion by laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma with dual-energy CT. Radiology. 2012;265(2):488–496. DOI:10.1148/radiol.12111719.

**Original article describing application of dual-energy CT iodine overlay maps for improving diagnostic accuracy for determination of laryngeal cartilage invasion by tumor

  • Forghani R, Levental M, Gupta R, et al. Different spectral hounsfield unit curve and high-energy virtual monochromatic image characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma compared with nonossified thyroid cartilage. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2015. DOI:10.3174/ajnr.A4253.

**Original article demonstrating that head and neck squamous carcinoma has different spectral Hounsfield unit curve characteristics compared to non-ossified thyroid cartilage with best distinction on high-energy reconstructions

  • Lam S, Gupta R, Levental M, et al. Optimal virtual monochromatic images for evaluation of normal tissues and head and neck cancer using dual-energy CT. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2015. DOI:10.3174/ajnr.A4314.

**Original article using quantitative analysis to determine the optimal virtual monochromatic image energy levels for the evaluation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and normal tissues using a fast kVp switching scanner

  • Wichmann JL, Noske EM, Kraft J, et al. Virtual monoenergetic dual-energy computed tomography: optimization of kiloelectron volt settings in head and neck cancer. Invest Radiol. 2014;49(11):735–741. DOI:10.1097/RLI.0000000000000077.

**Original article evaluating different virtual monochromatic image energy levels for the evaluation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma using a dual-source scanner

  • Tawfik AM, Kerl JM, Bauer RW, et al. Dual-energy CT of head and neck cancer: average weighting of low- and high-voltage acquisitions to improve lesion delineation and image quality-initial clinical experience. Invest Radiol. 2012;47(5):306–311. DOI:10.1097/RLI.0b013e31821e3062.

**Original article evaluating different percent linear blending of weighted-average images for the evaluation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma using a dual-source scanner

  • Scholtz JE, Husers K, Kaup M, et al. Non-linear image blending improves visualization of head and neck primary squamous cell carcinoma compared to linear blending in dual-energy CT. Clin Radiol. 2015;70(2):168–175. DOI:10.1016/j.crad.2014.10.018.

**Original article evaluating the use of nonlinear blending of weighted-average images for the evaluation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma using a dual-source scanner

  • Srinivasan A, Parker RA, Manjunathan A, et al. Differentiation of benign and malignant neck pathologies: preliminary experience using spectral computed tomography. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2013;37(5):666–672. DOI:10.1097/RCT.0b013e3182976365.

**Original article using different quantitative parameters derived from spectral Hounsfield attenuation curves to evaluate differences between malignant and benign head and neck lesions using a fast kVp switching scanner

  • Tawfik AM, Razek AA, Kerl JM, et al. Comparison of dual-energy CT-derived iodine content and iodine overlay of normal, inflammatory and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma cervical lymph nodes. Eur Radiol. 2014;24(3):574–580. DOI:10.1007/s00330-013-3035-3.

*Original article comparing and demonstrating differences in dual-energy CT-derived iodine content of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma cervical nodes compared to normal or inflammatory nodes

  • Wichmann JL, Kraft J, Noske EM, et al. Low-tube-voltage 80-kVp neck CT: evaluation of diagnostic accuracy and interobserver agreement. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2014;35(12):2376–2381. DOI:10.3174/ajnr.A4052.
  • Liu X, Ouyang D, Li H, et al. Papillary thyroid cancer: dual-energy spectral CT quantitative parameters for preoperative diagnosis of metastasis to the cervical lymph nodes. Radiology. 2015;275(1):167–176. DOI:10.1148/radiol.14140481.
  • Scholtz JE, Kaup M, Kraft J, et al. Objective and subjective image quality of primary and recurrent squamous cell carcinoma on head and neck low-tube-voltage 80-kVp computed tomography. Neuroradiology. 2015;57(6):645–651. DOI:10.1007/s00234-015-1512-x.
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*Original article describing applications of dual-energy CT for artifact reduction

  • Tanaka R, Hayashi T, Ike M, et al. Reduction of dark-band-like metal artifacts caused by dental implant bodies using hypothetical monoenergetic imaging after dual-energy computed tomography. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2013;115(6):833–838. DOI:10.1016/j.oooo.2013.03.014.

*Original article describing applications of dual-energy CT for artifact reduction

  • Johnson T, Fink C, Schönberg SO, et al. Dual energy CT in clinical practice. Medical radiology. Berlin: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg; 2011.
  • Chandra N, Langan DA. Gemstone detector: dual energy imaging via fast kVp switching. In: Johnson T, Fink C, Schönberg SO, et al., editors. Dual energy CT in clinical practice. Berlin: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg; 2011. p. 35–41.
  • Jiang H, Vartuli J, Vess C. Gemstone – the ultimate scintillator for computed tomography [white paper]. Waukesha (WI): GE Healthcare; 2008.
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  • Tawfik AM, Kerl JM, Razek AA, et al. Image quality and radiation dose of dual-energy CT of the head and neck compared with a standard 120-kVp acquisition. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2011;32(11):1994–1999. DOI:10.3174/ajnr.A2654.

*Original article demonstrating slightly reduced radiation dose but similar quality of standard reconstructions from dual-energy CT acquisitions of the neck compared to single-energy CT

  • Matsumoto K, Jinzaki M, Tanami Y, et al. Virtual monochromatic spectral imaging with fast kilovoltage switching: improved image quality as compared with that obtained with conventional 120-kVp CT. Radiology. 2011;259(1):257–262. DOI:10.1148/radiol.11100978.
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**Original article using an advanced algorithm applied to low-energy virtual monochromatic image reconstructions for the evaluation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma using a dual-source scanner

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