Cytokine and vaccine therapy of kidney cancer

References

• Jemal A, Tiwari RC, Murray T et al. Cancer Statistics, 2004. CA Cancerj Cilia. 54(1), 8–29 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Brenner H. Long-term survival rates of cancer patients achieved by the end of the 20th century: a period analysis. Lancet 360(9340), 1131–1135 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Quesada JR, Swanson DA, Trindade A, Gutterman JU. Renal cell carcinoma: antitumor effects of leukocyte interferon. Cancer Res. 43(2), 940–947 (1983).
   Google Scholar
• Baaten G, Voogd AC, Wagstaff J. A systematic review of the relation between interleukin-2 schedule and outcome in patients with metastatic renal cell cancer. Ear. Cancer 40(8), 1127–1144 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• •• Systematic review on interleukin-2 in metastatic kidney cancer.
   Google Scholar
• Rosenberg SA, Grimm EA, McGrogan M et al. Biological activity of recombinant human interleukin-2 produced in Escherichia coll. Sdence 223(4643), 1412–1414 (1984).
   Google Scholar
• McDermott DF, Atkins MB. Application of IL-2 and other cytokines in renal cancer. Expert Opin. Biol. Ther. 4(4), 455–468 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Tykka H, Hjelt L, Oravisto KJ, Turunen M, Tallberg T. Disappearance of lung metastases during immunotherapy on five patients suffering from renal carcinoma. Scand.Resp. Dis. Suppl. 89,123–134 (1974).
   Google Scholar
• •First report on vaccine therapy of metastatic kidney cancer.
   Google Scholar
• Tykkä H, Oravisto KJ, Lehtonen T, Sarna S, Tallberg T. Active specific immunotherapyof advanced renal-cell carcinoma. Ear. Uml. 4(4), 250–258 (1978).
   Google Scholar
• Pizzocaro G, Piva L, Colavita M et al. Interferon adjuvant to radical nephrectomy in Robson stages II and III renal cell carcinoma: a multicentric randomized study. Clin. Oncol. 19(2), 425–431 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• Messing EM, Manola J, Wilding G et al. Phase III study of interferon-a-NL as adjuvant treatment for resectable renal cell carcinoma: an Eastern Co-operative Oncology Group/Intergroup study. J OncoL 21(7), 1214–1222 (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Clark JI, Atkins MB, Urba WJ et al. Adjuvant high-dose bolus interleukin-2 for patients with high-risk renal cell carcinoma: a cytokine working group randomized trial. Clin. Oncol. 21 (16), 3133–3140 (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Galligioni E, Quaia M, Merlo A et al. Adjuvant immunotherapy treatment of renal carcinoma patients with autologous tumor cells and bacillus Calmette-Guerin: five-year results of a prospective randomized study. Cancer 77(12), 2560–2566 (1996).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jocham D, Richter A, Hoffmann L et al. Adjuvant autologous renal tumour cell vaccine and risk of tumour progression in patients with renal-cell carcinoma after radical nephrectomy: Phase III, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 363(9409), 594–599 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ••First study demonstrating a benefit froman adjuvant therapy in kidney cancer.
   Google Scholar
• Motzer RJ, Bacik J, Murphy BA, Russo P, Mazumdar M. Interferon-a as a comparative treatment for clinical trials of new therapies against advanced renal cell carcinoma. J Clin. Oncol. 20(1), 289–296 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Padrik P. Prognostic factors of immunotherapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Med. OncoL 20 (4), 325–334 (2003).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• •Comprehensive review on prognostic factors for survival in metastatic kidney cancer.
   Google Scholar
• Negrier S, Escudier B, Gomez F et al. Prognostic factors of survival and rapid progression in 782 patients with metastatic renal carcinomas treated by cytokines: a report from the Groupe Francais d'Immunotherapie. Ann. Oncol. 13 (9), 1460–1468 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Motzer RJ, Bacik J, Schwartz LH et al. Prognostic factors for survival in previously treated patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. J Clin. amyl 22(3), 454–463 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Flanigan RC, Salmon SE, Blumenstein BA et al. Nephrectomy followed by interferon-a2b compared with interferon a2b alone for metastatic renal-cell cancer. N Engl. J Med. 345(23), 1655–1659 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• Mickisch GH, Garin A, van Poppet H et al. Radical nephrectomy plus interferon-a-based immunotherapy compared with interferon-a alone in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma: a randomised trial. Lancet 358(9286), 966–970 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flanigan RC, Mickisch G, Sylvester R, Tangen C, Van Poppet H, Crawford ED. Cytoreductive nephrectomy in patients with metastatic renal cancer: a combined analysis. UroL 171(3), 1071–1076 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• ••Combined analysis of two studiesdemonstrating benefit from nephrectomy in metastatic kidney cancer.
   Google Scholar
• Coppin C, Porzolt F, Kumpf J, Coldman A, Wilt T. Immunotherapy for advanced renal cell cancer. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 3, CD001425 (2000).
   Google Scholar
• ••Systematic review on interferon inmetastatic kidney cancer.
   Google Scholar
• Elhilali MM, Cleave M, Fradet Y et al. Placebo-associated remissions in a multicentre, randomized, double-blind trial of interferon-yib for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. The Canadian Urologic Oncology Group. BJU Int. 86(6), 613–618 (2000).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ••One of few placebo-controlled studies inkidney cancer. No benefit from interferon-y monotherapy in metastatic kidney cancer was demonstrated.
   Google Scholar
• Cleave M, Elhilali MM, Fradet Y et al. Interferon-yll, compared with placebo in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl. J Med. 338(18), 1265–1271 (1998).
   Google Scholar
• ••One of few placebo-controlled studies inkidney cancer. No benefit from interferon-y monotherapy in metastatic kidney cancer was demonstrated.
   Google Scholar
• Dutcher JP, Fine JP, Krigel RL et al. Stratification by risk factors predicts survival on the active treatment arm in a randomized Phase II study of interferon-y plus/minus interferon-a in advanced renal cell carcinoma (E6890). Med. OncoL 20(3), 271–281 (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Motzer RJ, Murphy BA, Bacik J et al. Phase III trial of interferon a2a with or without 13-cis-retinoic acid for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. J Clin. OncoL 18(6), 2972–2980 (2000).
   Google Scholar
• •• Phase III study on 13-cisretinoic acid including quality of life assessment with specific questionnaire.
   Google Scholar
• Fossa SD, Mickisch GH, De Mulder PH et al. Interferon-a2a with or without 13-cis retinoic acid in patients with progressive, measurable metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Cancer 101(3), 533–540 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Weiss GR, Margolin KA, Aronson FR et al. A randomized Phase II trial of continuous infusion interleukin-2 or bolus injection interleukin-2 plus lymphokine-activated killer cells for advanced renal cell carcinoma. J Clin. OncoL 10(2), 275–281 (1992).
   Google Scholar
• Yang JC, Sherry RM, Steinberg SM et al. Randomized study of high-dose and low-dose interleukin-2 in patients with metastatic renal cancer. J Clin. Oncol. 21(16)3127-3132 (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Huland E, Burger A, Fleischer J et al. Efficacy and safety of inhaled recombinant interleukin-2 in high-risk renal cell cancer patients compared with systemic interleukin-2: an outcome study. Folia Biol. (Praha) 49 (5), 183–190 (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Motzer RJ, Rakhit A, Thompson JA et al. Randomized multicenter Phase II trial of subcutaneous recombinant human interleukin-12 versus interferon-a2a for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. J Interferon Cytokine Res. 21(4), 257–263 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• Negrier S, Escudier B, Lasset C et al. Recombinant human interleukin-2, recombinant human interferon-a2a, or both in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma. Groupe Francais d'Immunotherapie. N EngLj Med. 338(18), 1272–1278 (1998).
   Google Scholar
• Negrier S, Caty A, Lesimple T et al. Treatment of patients with metastatic renal carcinoma with a combination of subcutaneous interleukin-2 and interferon-a with or without fluorouracil. j Clin. Oncol. 18(24), 4009–4015 (2000).
   Google Scholar
• Atzpodien J, Kirchner H, Illiger HJ et al. IL-2 in combination with IFN-a and 5-FU versus tamoxifen in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: long-term results of a controlled randomized clinical trial. Br. J Cancer 85(8), 1130–1136 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• Atzpodien J, Kirchner H, Jonas U et al. Interleukin-2- and interferon-a2a-based immunochemotherapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma: a prospectively randomized trial of the German Co-operative Renal Carcinoma Chemoimmunotherapy Group (DGCIN),I Clin. OncoL 22 (7), 1188–1194 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• ••Phase III study suggesting a benefit fromtriple therapy (interferon plus interleukin-2 plus 5-fluorouracil) compared with dual therapy (interferon plus vinblastine).
   Google Scholar
• Litwin MS, Fine JT, Dorey F, Figlin RA, Belldegrun AS. Health related quality of life outcomes in patients treated for metastatic kidney cancer: a pilot study. J UroL 157(5), 1608–1612 (1997).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• •One of the first studies investigating quality of life in metastatic kidney cancer.
   Google Scholar
• Heinzer H, Mir TS, Huland E, Huland H. Subjective and objective prospective, long-term analysis of quality of life during inhaled interleukin-2 immunotherapy. Clin. OncoL 17(11), 3612–3620 (1999).
   Google Scholar
• Atzpodien J, Kuchler T, Wandert T, Reitz M. Rapid deterioration in quality of life during interleukin-2- and CL-interferon-based home therapy of renal cell carcinoma is associated with a good outcome. Br. J Cancer 89(1), 50–54 (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Bacik J, Mazumdar M, Murphy BA et al. The functional assessment of cancer therapy-BRM (FACT-BRM): a new tool for the assessment of quality of life in patients treated with biologic response modifiers. Qua]. Life Res. 13 (1), 137–154 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •First specific quality of life questionnaire for evaluation of biologic response modifiers.
   Google Scholar
• Schwaab T, Heaney JA, Schned AR et al. A randomized Phase II trial comparing two different sequence combinations of autologous vaccine and human recombinant interferon-y and human recombinant interferon-a2B therapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: clinical outcome and analysis of immunological parameters. J UroL 163(4), 1322–1327 (2000).
   Google Scholar
• Nelson WG, Simons JW, Mikhak B et al. Cancer cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor using ex vivo gene transfer as vaccines for the treatment of genitourinary malignancies. Cancer Chernother. PharrnacoL 46 (Suppl.), S67-72 (2000).
   Google Scholar
• Wittig B, Marten A, Dorbic T et al. Therapeutic vaccination against metastatic carcinoma by expression-modulated and immunomodified autologous tumor cells: a first clinical Phase I/II trial. Hum. Gene Ther. 12(3), 267–278 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dittman RO, Barth NM, VanderMolen LA et al. Treatment of kidney cancer with autologous tumor cell vaccines of short-term cell lines derived from renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Biother. Radiopharrn. 16(1), 47–54 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• Antonia SJ, Seigne J, Diaz J et al. Phase I trial of a B7-1 (CD80) gene modified autologous tumor cell vaccine in combination with systemic interleukin-2 in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. J UroL 167(5), 1995-2000 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Had L, Zelle-Rieser C, Gander H et al. Immunotherapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma with tumor lysate-pulsed autologous dendritic cells. Clin. Cancer Res. 8(11), 3369–3376 (2002).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Meijer SL, Dols A, Urba WJ et al. Adoptive cellular therapy with tumor vaccine draining lymph node lymphocytes after vaccination with HLA-B7/132-microglobulin gene-modified autologous tumor cells. J Irnmunother. 25(4), 359–372 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Oosterwijk-Wakka JC, Tiemessen DM, Bleumer I et al. Vaccination of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma with autologous dendritic cells pulsed with autologous tumor antigens in combination with interleukin-2: a Phase I study. J Irmnunother. 25(6), 500–508 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Marten A, Flieger D, Renoth S et al. Therapeutic vaccination against metastatic renal cell carcinoma by autologous dendritic cells: preclinical results and outcome of a first clinical Phase I/II trial. Cancer I17717711fla Irmnunother. 51 (11–12), 637–644 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Gitlitz BJ, Belldegrun AS, Zisman A et al. A pilot trial of tumor lysate-loaded dendritic cells for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Irmnunother. 26(5), 412–419 (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Chang AE, Li Q, Jiang G, Sayre DM, Braun TM, Redman BG. Phase II trial of autologous tumor vaccination, antiCD3-activated vaccine-primed lymphocytes, and interleukin-2 in stage IV renal cell cancer. Clin. OncoL 21(5), 884–890 (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Marten A, Renoth S, Heinicke T et al. Allogeneic dendritic cells fused with tumor cells: preclinical results and outcome of a clinical Phase I/II trial in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Hum. Gene Ther. 14(5), 483–494 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su Z, Dannull J, Heiser A et al. Immunological and clinical responses in metastatic renal cancer patients vaccinated with tumor RNA-transfected dendritic cells. Cancer Res. 63(9), 2127–2133 (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Pizza G, De Vinci C, Lo Conte G et al. Allogeneic gene-modified tumour cells in metastatic kidney cancer. Preliminary report. Folia Biol. (Praha) 49 (4), 147–159 (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Schwaab T, Tretter CP, Gibson JJ et al. Immunological effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and autologous tumor vaccine in patients with renal cell carcinoma. J, Urol. 171(3), 1036–1042 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Volk J, Sel S, Ganser A, Schoffski P Tumor cell-based vaccination in renal cell carcinoma: rationale, approaches, and recent clinical development. Carr. Drug Targets 3(5), 401–408 (2002).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vieweg J, Dannull J. Tumor vaccines: from gene therapy to dendritic cells — the emerging frontier. Urol. Clin. North Am. 30(3), 633–643 (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Gitlitz BJ, Figlin RA. Cell, gene and vaccine based strategies in kidney cancer. Cancer Treat. Res. 116,183–198 (2003).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Amato RJ. Vaccine therapy for renal cell carcinoma. Rev UroL 5(2), 65–71 (2003).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Doehn C, Jocham D. Vaccination immunotherapy — an update. Scand. Surg. 93(2), 163–169 (2004).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cohen L, de Moor C, Parker PA, Amato RJ. Quality of life in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma participating in a Phase I trial of an autologous tumor-derived vaccine. UroL OncoL 7(3), 119–124 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elmore JM, Kadesky KT, Koeneman KS, Sagalowsky Al. Reassessment of the 1997 TNM classification system for renal cell carcinoma. Cancer 98(11), 2329–2334 (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Zisman A, Pantuck AJ, Wieder J et al. Risk group assessment and clinical outcome algorithm to predict the natural history of patients with surgically resected renal cell carcinoma. JOncoL 20(23), 4559–4566 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Patard JJ, Kim HL, Lam JS et al. Use of the University of California Los Angeles integrated staging system to predict survival in renal cell carcinoma: an international multicenter study. J Clin. OncoL 22(16), 3316–3322 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Johnson JR, Williams G, Pazdur R. End points and United States Food and Drug Administration approval of oncology drugs. Clin. OncoL 21(7), 1404–1411 (2003) .
   Google Scholar
• Motzer RJ, Bacik J, Mariani T, Russo P, Mazumdar M, Reuter V. Treatment outcome and survival associated with metastatic renal cell carcinoma of non-clear-cell histology. J Clin. OncoL 20(9), 2376–2381 (2002).
   Google Scholar

• National Cancer Institute: Surveillance, Epidimiology and End Results. www.seer.cancer.gov (Accessed November 2004)
   Google Scholar
• Clinical trials. www.clinicaltrials.gov (Accessed November 2004).
   Google Scholar