QuantiFERON-TB Gold: state of the art for the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection?

References

• Raviglione MC. The TB epidemic from 1992 to 2002. Tuberculosis (Edinb)83, 4–14 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dye C. Global epidemiology of tuberculosis. Lancet367, 938–940 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dye C, Maher D, Weil D, Espinal M, Raviglione M. Targets for global tuberculosis control. Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis.10, 460–462 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Corbett EL, Marston B, Churchyard GJ, De Cock KM. Tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa: opportunities, challenges, and change in the era of antiretroviral treatment. Lancet367, 926–937 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeAngelis CD, Flanagin A. Tuberculosis – a global problem requiring a global solution. JAMA293, 2793–2794 (2005).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Antoine D, Maguire H, Story A. Epidemiology and response to the growing problem of tuberculosis in London. Euro. Surveill.11(3) (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Atkinson P, Taylor H, Sharland M, Maguire H. Resurgence of paediatric tuberculosis in London. Arch. Dis. Child.86, 264–265 (2002).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shah NS, Harrington T, Huber M et al. Increased reported cases of tuberculosis among children younger than 5 years of age, Maricopa County, Arizona, 2002–2003. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J.25, 151–155 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Espinal MA, Laszlo A, Simonsen L et al. Global trends in resistance to antituberculosis drugs. World Health Organization-International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Working Group on Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Surveillance. N. Engl. J. Med.344, 1294–1303 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gie RP, Beyers N, Schaaf HS, Goussard P. The challenge of diagnosing tuberculosis in children: a perspective from a high incidence area. Paediatr. Respir. Rev.5(Suppl. A), S147–S149 (2004).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jasmer RM, Nahid P, Hopewell PC. Clinical practice. Latent tuberculosis infection. N. Engl. J. Med.347, 1860–1866 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tufariello JM, Chan J, Flynn JL. Latent tuberculosis: mechanisms of host and bacillus that contribute to persistent infection. Lancet Infect. Dis.3, 578–590 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marks GB, Bai J, Simpson SE, Sullivan EA, Stewart GJ. Incidence of tuberculosis among a cohort of tuberculin-positive refugees in Australia: reappraising the estimates of risk. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.162, 1851–1854 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coetzee D, Hilderbrand K, Goemaere E, Matthys F, Boelaert M. Integrating tuberculosis and HIV care in the primary care setting in South Africa. Trop. Med. Int. Health9, A11–A15 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bock N, Reichman LB. Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS: epidemiological and clinical aspects (world perspective). Semin. Respir. Crit. Care Med.25, 337–344 (2004).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Khan EA, Starke JR. Diagnosis of tuberculosis in children: increased need for better methods. Emerg. Infect. Dis.1, 115–123 (1995).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shingadia D, Novelli V. Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in children. Lancet Infect. Dis.3, 624–632 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broekmans JF, Migliori GB, Rieder HL et al. European framework for tuberculosis control and elimination in countries with a low incidence. Recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD) and Royal Netherlands Tuberculosis Association (KNCV) Working Group. Eur. Respir. J.19, 765–775 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersen P, Munk ME, Pollack JM, Doherty MT. Specific immune-based diagnosis of tuberculosis. Lancet356, 1099–1104 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huebner RE, Schein MF, Bass JB Jr. The tuberculin skin test. Clin. Infect. Dis.17, 968–975 (1993).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee E, Holzman RS. Evolution and current use of the tuberculin test. Clin. Infect. Dis.34, 365–370 (2002).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mawa PA, Pickering JM, Miiro G et al. The effect of tuberculin skin testing on viral load and anti-mycobacterial immune responses in HIV-1-infected Ugandan adults. Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis.8, 586–592 (2004).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Menzies D. Interpretation of repeated tuberculin tests. Boosting, conversion, and reversion. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.159, 15–21 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter ER, Lee CM. Interpretation of the tuberculin skin test reaction by pediatric providers. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J.21, 200–203 (2002).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pouchot J, Grasland A, Collet C, Coste J, Esdaile JM, Vinceneux P. Reliability of tuberculin skin test measurement. Ann. Intern. Med.126, 210–214 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Targeted tuberculin testing and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection. This official statement of the American Thoracic Society was adopted by the ATS Board of Directors, July 1999. This is a Joint Statement of the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This statement was endorsed by the Council of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. (IDSA), September 1999, and the sections of this statement. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.161, S221–S247 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The global plan to stop TB, 2006–2015: summary. Wkly Epidemiology Rec.81, 86–88 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cotton MF, Schaaf HS, Hesseling AC, Madhi SA. HIV and childhood tuberculosis: the way forward. Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis.8, 675–682 (2004).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jurcevic S, Hills A, Pasvol G, Davidson RN, Ivanyi J, Wilkinson RJ. T cell responses to a mixture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis peptides with complementary HLA-DR binding profiles. Clin. Exp. Immunol.105, 416–421 (1996).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Berthet FX, Rasmussen PB, Rosenkrands I, Andersen P, Gicquel B. A Mycobacterium tuberculosis operon encoding ESAT-6 and a novel low-molecular-mass culture filtrate protein (CFP-10). Microbiology144(Pt 11), 3195–3203 (1998).
   Google Scholar
• Sorensen AL, Nagai S, Houen G, Andersen P, Andersen AB. Purification and characterization of a low-molecular-mass T-cell antigen secreted by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infect. Immun.63, 1710–1717 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies PD, Drobniewski F. The use of interferon-gamma-based blood tests for the detection of latent tuberculosis infection. Eur. Respir. J.28, 1–3 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dheda K, Udwadia ZF, Huggett JF, Johnson MA, Rook GA. Utility of the antigen-specific interferon-gamma assay for the management of tuberculosis. Curr. Opin. Pulm. Med.11, 195–202 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazurek GH, Jereb J, Lobue P, Iademarco MF, Metchock B, Vernon A. Guidelines for using the QuantiFERON-TB Gold test for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, United States. MMWR Recomm. Rep.54, 49–55 (2005).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Richeldi L. An update on the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Johnson PD, Stuart RL, Grayson ML et al. Tuberculin-purified protein derivative-, MPT-64-, and ESAT-6-stimulated gamma interferon responses in medical students before and after Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination and in patients with tuberculosis. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol.6, 934–937 (1999).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mazurek GH, LoBue PA, Daley CL et al. Comparison of a whole-blood interferon gamma assay with tuberculin skin testing for detecting latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. JAMA286, 1740–1747 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Streeton JA, Desem N, Jones SL. Sensitivity and specificity of a gamma interferon blood test for tuberculosis infection. Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis.2, 443–450 (1998).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Taggart EW, Hill HR, Ruegner RG, Martins TB, Litwin CM. Evaluation of an in vitro assay for gamma interferon production in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol.11, 1089–1093 (2004).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brock I, Weldingh K, Lillebaek T, Follmann F, Andersen P. Comparsion of tuberculin skin test and new specific blood test in tuberculosis contacts. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.170, 65–69 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brock I, Ruhwald M, Lundgren B, Westh H, Mathiesen LR, Ravn P. Latent Tuberculosis in HIV positive, diagnosed by the M. Tuberculosis Specific Interferon Gamma test. Respir. Res.7, 56 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Connell TG, Curtis N, Ranganathan SC, Buttery JP. Performance of a whole blood interferon gamma assay in detecting latent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in children. Thorax61, 616–620 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrara G, Losi M, D'Amico R et al. Use in routine clinical practice of two commercial blood tests for diagnosis of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a prospective study. Lancet367, 1328–1334 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrara G, Losi M, Meacci M et al. Routine hospital use of a new commercial whole blood interferon-{gamma} assay for the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.172, 631–635 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diel R, Nienhaus A, Lange C, Meywald-Walter K, Forssbohm M, Schaberg T. Tuberculosis contact investigation with a new, specific blood test in a low-incidence population containing a high proportion of BCG-vaccinated persons. Respir. Res.7, 77 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Funayama K, Tsujimoto A, Mori M et al. Usefulness of QuantiFERONTB-2 Gin contact investigation of a tuberculosis outbreak in a university. Kekkaku80, 527–534 (2005).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harada N, Mori T, Shishido S, Higuchi K, Sekiya Y. Usefulness of a novel diagnostic method of tuberculosis infection, QuantiFERON TB-2G, in an outbreak of tuberculosis. Kekkaku79, 637–643 (2004).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harada N, Nakajima Y, Higuchi K, Sekiya Y, Rothel J, Mori T. Screening for tuberculosis infection using whole-blood interferon-gamma and mantoux testing among Japanese healthcare workers. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.27, 442–448 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kang YA, Lee HW, Yoon HI et al. Discrepancy between the tuberculin skin test and the whole-blood interferon gamma assay for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in an intermediate tuberculosis-burden country. JAMA293, 2756–2761 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahomed H, Hughes EJ, Hawkridge T et al. Comparison of mantoux skin test with three generations of a whole blood IFN-gamma assay for tuberculosis infection. Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis.10, 310–316 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miyashita H, Higuchi K, Higashiyama N et al. Detection of tuberculosis infection using a whole blood interferon gamma assay in a contact investigation – evaluation using QuantiFERon TB-2G. Kekkaku80, 557–564 (2005).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pai M, Gokhale K, Joshi R et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in health care workers in rural India: comparison of a whole-blood interferon gamma assay with tuberculin skin testing. JAMA293, 2746–2755 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pai M, Joshi R, Dogra S et al. Serial testing of health care workers for tuberculosis using interferon-{gamma} assay. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.174, 349–355 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taggart EW, Hill HR, Ruegner RG, Litwin CM. Evaluation of an in vitro assay for interferon gamma production in response to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis-synthesized peptide antigens ESAT-6 and CFP-10 and the PPD skin test. Am. J. Clin. Pathol.125, 467–473 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goletti D, Carrara S, Vincenti D et al. Accuracy of an immune diagnostic assay based on RD1 selected epitopes for active tuberculosis in a clinical setting: a pilot study. Clin. Microbiol. Infect.12, 544–550 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee JY, Choi HJ, Park IN et al. Comparison of two commercial interferon gamma assays for diagnosing Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Eur. Respir. J.28(1), 24–30 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mori T, Sakatani M, Yamagishi F et al. Specific detection of tuberculosis infection: an interferon-gamma-based assay using new antigens. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.170, 59–64 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravn P, Munk ME, Andersen AB et al. Prospective evaluation of a whole-blood test using Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens ESAT-6 and CFP-10 for diagnosis of active tuberculosis. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol.12, 491–496 (2005).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goletti D, Vincenti D, Carrara S et al. Selected RD1 peptides for active tuberculosis diagnosis: comparison of a gamma interferon whole-blood enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and an enzyme-linked immunospot assay. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol.12, 1311–1316 (2005).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Radhakrishna S, Frieden TR, Subramani R. Association of initial tuberculin sensitivity, age and sex with the incidence of tuberculosis in south India: a 15-year follow-up. Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis.7, 1083–1091 (2003).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Curtis N, Connell TG, Buttery JP, Ranganathan SC. Correspondence: letter. Thorax (2006) (In press).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dogra S, Narang P, Mendiratta DK et al. Comparison of a whole blood interferon-gamma assay with tuberculin skin testing for the detection of tuberculosis infection in hospitalized children in rural India. J. Infect. (2006) (Epub ahead of print).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mori M, Kurosawa R, Imagawa T et al. Usefulness of interferon-gamma-based diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in childhood tuberculosis. Kansenshogaku Zasshi79, 937–944 (2005).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Connell T, Bar-Zeev N, Curtis N. Early detection of perinatal tuberculosis using a whole blood interferon-gamma release assay. Clin. Infect. Dis.42, E82–E85 (2006).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Codeluppi M, Cocchi S, Guaraldi G et al. Post-transplant Mycobacterium tuberculosis disease following liver transplantation and the need for cautious evaluation of Quantiferon TB GOLD results in the transplant setting: a case report. Transplant Proc.38, 1083–1085 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Prevention Committee, Japan Tuberculosis Scientific Society. Policy for using QuantiFERON-TB-G. Kekkaku81, 393–397 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wrighton-Smith P, Zellweger JP. Direct costs of three models for the screening of latent tuberculosis infection. Eur. Respir. J.28(1), 45–50 (2006)
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Richeldi L, Ewer K, Losi M, Roversi P, Fabbri LM, Lalvani A. Repeated tuberculin testing does not induce false positive ELISPOT results. Thorax61, 180 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson ST, Williams AJ, Brown JR et al. Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis undetected by tuberculin skin testing. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.173(9), 1038–1042 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Control and prevention of tuberculosis in the United Kingdom: code of practice 2000. Joint Tuberculosis Committee of the British Thoracic Society. Thorax55, 887–901 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guidelines for the investigation of contacts of persons with infectious tuberculosis. Recommendations from the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association and CDC. MMWR Recomm. Rep.54, 1–47 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Lambert L, Rajbhandary S, Quails N et al. Costs of implementing and maintaining a tuberculin skin test program in hospitals and health departments. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.24, 814–820 (2003).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Diel R, Nienhaus A, Lange C, Schaberg T. Cost optimization of screening for latent tuberculosis in close contacts. Eur. Respir. J.28(1), 35–44(2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dewan PK, Grinsdale J, Liska S, Wong EH, Fallstad R, Kawamura LM. Feasibility, acceptability, and cost of tuberculosis testing by whole-blood interferon-gamma assay. BMC Infect. Dis.6, 47(2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chapman AL, Munkanta M, Wilkinson KA et al. Rapid detection of active and latent tuberculosis infection in HIV-positive individuals by enumeration of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific T cells. Aids16, 2285–2293 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liebeschuetz S, Bamber S, Ewer K, Deeks J, Pathan AA, Lalvani A. Diagnosis of tuberculosis in South African children with a T-cell-based assay: a prospective cohort study. Lancet364, 2196–2203 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilkinson KA, Stewart GR, Newton SM et al. Infection biology of a novel alpha-crystallin of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Acr2. J. Immunol.174, 4237–4243 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Demissie A, Leyten EM, Abebe M et al. Recognition of stage-specific mycobacterial antigens differentiates between acute and latent infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Clin. Vaccine Immunol.13, 179–186 (2006).
   Google Scholar