98
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Cost–effectiveness of tumor necrosis factor-α antagonists in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis

, , &
Pages 155-169 | Published online: 09 Jan 2014

References

  • Moreland LW, Baumgartner SW, Schiff MH et al. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with a recombinant human tumor necrosis factor receptor (p75)-Fc fusion protein. N. Engl. J. Med.337(3), 141–147 (1997).
  • Mease PJ, Kivitz AJ, Burch FX et al. Etanercept treatment of psoriatic arthritis: safety, efficacy, and effect on disease progression. Arthritis Rheum.50(7), 2264–2272 (2004).
  • Braun J, Brandt J, Listing J et al. Treatment of active ankylosing spondylitis with infliximab: a randomised controlled multicentre trial. Lancet359(9313), 1187–1193 (2002).
  • Gabriel SE, Tugwell P, Drummond M. Progress towards an OMERACT-ILAR guideline for economic evaluations in rheumatology. Ann. Rheum. Dis.61(4), 370–373 (2002).
  • Guidelines for the management of rheumatoid arthritis: 2002 update. Arthritis Rheum.46(2), 328–346 (2002).
  • Kvien TK. Epidemiology and burden of illness of rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmacoeconomics22(2 Suppl.), 1–12 (2004).
  • Yelin E, Callahan LF. The economic cost and social and psychological impact of musculoskeletal conditions. National Arthritis Data Work Groups. Arthritis Rheum.38(10), 1351–1362 (1995).
  • Pincus T, Callahan LF. The ‘side effects’ of rheumatoid arthritis: joint destruction, disability and early mortality. Br. J. Rheumatol.32(Suppl. 1), 28–37 (1993).
  • Wong JB, Ramey DR, Singh G. Long-term morbidity, mortality, and economics of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum.44(12), 2746–2749 (2001).
  • Mutru O, Laakso M, Isomaki H, Koota K. Cardiovascular mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Cardiology76(1), 71–77 (1989).
  • Doran MF, Crowson CS, Pond GR, O’Fallon WM, Gabriel SE. Frequency of infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared with controls: a population-based study. Arthritis Rheum.46(9), 2287–2293 (2002).
  • Cibere J, Sibley J, Haga M. Rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of malignancy. Arthritis Rheum.40(9), 1580–1586 (1997).
  • Zochling J, van der Heijde D, Burgos-Vargas R et al. ASAS/EULAR recommendations for the management of ankylosing spondylitis. Ann. Rheum. Dis.65(4), 442–452 (2006).
  • Sieper J, Braun J, Rudwaleit M, Boonen A, Zink A. Ankylosing spondylitis: an overview. Ann. Rheum. Dis.61(Suppl. 3), III8–III18 (2002).
  • Zink A, Braun J, Listing J, Wollenhaupt J. Disability and handicap in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis – results from the German rheumatological database. German Collaborative Arthritis Centers. J. Rheumatol.27(3), 613–622 (2000).
  • Jimenez-Balderas F, Mintz G. Anklyosing spondylitis: clinical course in women and men. J. Rheumatol.20, 2069–2072 (1993).
  • Ward MM. Health-related quality of life in ankylosing spondylitis: a survey of 175 patients. Arthritis Care Res.12(4), 247–255 (1999).
  • Lebwohl M. Psoriasis. Lancet361(9364), 1197–1204 (2003).
  • Gladman DD, Brockbank J. Psoriatic arthritis. Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs9(7), 1511–1522 (2000).
  • Sokoll KB, Helliwell PS. Comparison of disability and quality of life in rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis. J. Rheumatol.28(8), 1842–1846 (2001).
  • O’Neill T, Silman AJ. Psoriatic arthritis. Historical background and epidemiology. Baillieres Clin. Rheumatol.8(2), 245–261 (1994).
  • Bansback NJ, Regier DA, Ara R et al. An overview of economic evaluations for drugs used in rheumatoid arthritis: focus on tumour necrosis factor-α antagonists. Drugs65(4), 473–496 (2005).
  • Lindqvist E, Saxne T, Geborek P, Eberhardt K. Ten year outcome in a cohort of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: health status, disease process, and damage. Ann. Rheum. Dis.61(12), 1055–1059 (2002).
  • Eberhardt K, Fex E. Clinical course and remission rate in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: relationship to outcome after 5 years. Br. J. Rheumatol.37(12), 1324–1329 (1998).
  • Eberhardt KB, Fex E. Functional impairment and disability in early rheumatoid-arthritis – development over 5 years. J. Rheumatol.22(6), 1037–1042 (1995).
  • Eberhardt KB, Rydgren LC, Pettersson H, Wollheim FA. Early rheumatoid-arthritis – onset, course, and outcome over 2 years. Rheumatol. Int.10(4), 135–142 (1990).
  • Wolfe F, Fries JF. ARAMIS today: moving toward internationally distributed databank systems for follow-up studies. Clin. Rheumatol.6(Suppl. 2), 93–102 (1987).
  • Young A, Dixey J, Cox N et al. How does functional disability in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affect patients and their lives? Results of 5 years of follow-up in 732 patients from the Early RA Study (ERAS). Rheumatology (Oxford)39(6), 603–611 (2000).
  • Tugwell P, Pincus T, Yocum D et al. Combination therapy with cyclosporine and methotrexate in severe rheumatoid-arthritis. N. Engl. J. Med.333(3), 137–141 (1995).
  • Young A, Wilkinson P, Talamo J et al. Socioeconomic deprivation and rheumatoid disease: what lessons for the health service? Ann. Rheum. Dis.59(10), 794–799 (2000).
  • Maini R, St Clair EW, Breedveld F et al. Infliximab (chimeric anti-tumour necrosis factor α monoclonal antibody) versus placebo in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving concomitant methotrexate: a randomised Phase III trial. ATTRACT Study Group. Lancet354(9194), 1932–1939 (1999).
  • Brennan A, Bansback N, Reynolds A, Conway P. Modelling the cost-effectiveness of etanercept in adults with rheumatoid arthritis in the UK. Rheumatology (Oxford)43(1), 62–72 (2004).
  • Jobanputra P, Barton P, Bryan S, Burls A. The effectiveness of infliximab and etanercept for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technol. Assess.6(21), 1–110 (2002).
  • Braun J, Davis J, Dougados M et al. First update of the international ASAS consensus statement for the use of anti-TNF agents in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann. Rheum. Dis.65(3), 316–320 (2006).
  • Guidelines for the use of anti-TNF therapy in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Spondylitis Association of America, CA, USA (2006).
  • Kobelt G, Andlin-Sobocki P, Brophy S et al. The burden of ankylosing spondylitis and the cost-effectiveness of treatment with infliximab (Remicade). Rheumatology (Oxford)43(9), 1158–1166 (2004).
  • Kobelt G, Andlin-Sobocki P, Maksymowych WP. Costs and quality of life of patients with ankylosing spondylitis in Canada. J. Rheumatol.33(2), 289–295 (2006).
  • Kobelt G, Andlin-Sobocki P, Maksymowych WP. The cost-effectiveness of infliximab (Remicade) in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis in Canada. J. Rheumatol.33(4), 732–740 (2006).
  • Fraser AD, van Kuijk AW, Westhovens R et al. A randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, multicentre trial of combination therapy with methotrexate plus ciclosporin in patients with active psoriatic arthritis. Ann. Rheum. Dis.64(6), 859–864 (2005).
  • Kaltwasser JP, Nash P, Gladman D et al. Efficacy and safety of leflunomide in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis: a multinational, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Arthritis Rheum.50(6), 1939–1950 (2004).
  • Husted JA, Gladman DD, Cook RJ, Farewell VT. Responsiveness of health status instruments to changes in articular status and perceived health in patients with psoriatic arthritis. J. Rheumatol.25(11), 2146–2155 (1998).
  • McKenna SP, Doward LC, Whalley D et al. Development of the PsAQoL: a quality of life instrument specific to psoriatic arthritis. Ann. Rheum. Dis.63(2), 162–169 (2004).
  • Gladman DD, Helliwell P, Mease PJ et al. Assessment of patients with psoriatic arthritis – a review of currently available measures. Arthritis Rheum.50(1), 24–35 (2004).
  • Drummond M, O’Brien B, Stoddart GL, Torrance GW. Methods for the Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programmes. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK (1997).
  • Russell AS, Conner-Spady B, Mintz A, Mallon C, Maksymowych WP. The responsiveness of generic health status measures as assessed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving infliximab. J. Rheumatol.30(5), 941–947 (2003).
  • Maetzel A, Strand V, Tugwell P, Wells G, Bombardier C. Cost–effectiveness of adding leflunomide to a 5-year strategy of conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum.47(6), 655–661 (2002).
  • Verhoeven AC, Boers M, van der Linden S. Responsiveness of the core set, response criteria, and utilities in early rheumatoid arthritis. Ann. Rheum. Dis.59(12), 966–974 (2000).
  • Tijhuis GJ, Jansen SJT, Stiggelbout AM et al. Value of the time trade off method for measuring utilities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann. Rheum. Dis.59(11), 892–897 (2000).
  • Marra CA, Woolcott JC, Kopec JA et al. A comparison of generic, indirect utility measures (the HUI2, HUI3, SF-6D, and the EQ-5D) and disease-specific instruments (the RAQoL and the HAQ) in rheumatoid arthritis. Soc. Sci. Med.60(7), 1571–1582 (2005).
  • Conner-Spady B, Suarez-Almazor ME. Variation in the estimation of quality-adjusted life-years by different preference-based instruments. Med. Care41(7), 791–801 (2003).
  • Luo N, Chew LH, Fong KY et al. A comparison of the EuroQol-5D and the Health Utilities Index mark 3 in patients with rheumatic disease. J. Rheumatol.30(10), 2268–2274 (2003).
  • Boonen A, van der Heijde D, Severens JL et al. Markov model into the cost-utility over five years of etanercept and infliximab compared with usual care in patients with active ankylosing spondylitis. Ann. Rheum. Dis.65(2), 201–208 (2006).
  • Watson K, Symmons D, Griffiths I, Silman A. The British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register. Ann. Rheum. Dis.64, 42–43 (2005).
  • Hyrich KL, Symmons DP, Watson KD, Silman AJ. Comparison of the response to infliximab or etanercept monotherapy with the response to cotherapy with methotrexate or another disease-modifying antirheumatic drug in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register. Arthritis Rheum.54(6), 1786–1794 (2006).
  • Dixon WG, Watson K, Lunt M et al. Rates of serious infection, including site-specific and bacterial intracellular infection, in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy: results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register. Arthritis Rheum.54(8), 2368–2376 (2006).
  • Desai SB, Furst DE. Problems encountered during antitumour necrosis factor therapy. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Rheumatol.20(4), 757–790 (2006).
  • Gabriel SE, Crowson CS, Kremers HM et al. Survival in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based analysis of trends over 40 years. Arthritis Rheum.48(1), 54–58 (2003).
  • Carter ET, Mckenna CH, Brian DD, Kurland LT. Epidemiology of ankylosing-spondylitis in Rochester, Minnesota, 1935–1973. Arthritis Rheum.22(4), 365–370 (1979).
  • Carbone LD, Cooper C, Michet CJ et al. Ankylosing-spondylitis in Rochester, Minnesota, 1935–1989 – is the epidemiology changing. Arthritis Rheum.35(12), 1476–1482 (1992).
  • Lehtinen K. Mortality and causes of death in 398 patients admitted to hospital with ankylosing-spondylitis. Ann. Rheum. Dis.52(3), 174–176 (1993).
  • Khan MA, Khan MK, Kushner I. Survival among patients with ankylosing-spondylitis – a life-table analysis. J. Rheumatol.8(1), 86–90 (1981).
  • Wong K, Gladman DD, Husted J, Long JA, Farewell VT. Mortality studies in psoriatic arthritis – results from a single outpatient clinic .1. Causes and risk of death. Arthritis Rheum.40(10), 1868–1872 (1997).
  • Gladman DD, Farewell VT, Wong K, Husted J. Mortality studies in psoriatic arthritis – results from a single outpatient center. II. Prognostic indicators for death. Arthritis Rheum.41(6), 1103–1110 (1998).
  • Gorman JD, Sack KE, Davis JC Jr. Treatment of ankylosing spondylitis by inhibition of tumor necrosis factor α. N. Engl. J. Med.346(18), 1349–1356 (2002).
  • Brandt J, Khariouzov A, Listing J et al. Six-month results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of etanercept treatment in patients with active ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Rheum.48(6), 1667–1675 (2003).
  • Calin A, Dijkmans BA, Emery P et al. Outcomes of a multicentre randomised clinical trial of etanercept to treat ankylosing spondylitis. Ann. Rheum. Dis.63(12), 1594–1600 (2004).
  • Davis JC Jr, Van Der Heijde D, Braun J et al. Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor receptor (etanercept) for treating ankylosing spondylitis: a randomized, controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum.48(11), 3230–3236 (2003).
  • Van Den Bosch F, Kruithof E, Baeten D et al. Randomized double-blind comparison of chimeric monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor α (infliximab) versus placebo in active spondylarthropathy. Arthritis Rheum.46(3), 755–765 (2002).
  • van der Heijde D, Dijkmans B, Geusens P et al. Ankylosing spondylitis study for the evaluation of recombinant infliximab therapy study group. Efficacy and safety of infliximab in patients with anklosing spondylitis: results of a randomized placebo-controlled trial (ASSERT). Arthritis Rheum.52, 582–591 (2005).
  • Davis J, Kivitz A, Schiff M et al. Major clinical response and partial remission in ankylosing spondylitis subjects treated with adalimumab: The ATLAS trial. Arthritis Rheum.52(9), S208–S209 (2005).
  • Mease PJ, Goffe BS, Metz J et al. Etanercept in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis: a randomised trial. Lancet356(9227), 385–390 (2000).
  • Antoni CE, Kavanaugh A, Kirkham B et al. Sustained benefits of infliximab therapy for dermatologic and articular manifestations of psoriatic arthritis: results from the infliximab multinational psoriatic arthritis controlled trial (IMPACT). Arthritis Rheum.52(4), 1227–1236 (2005).
  • Antoni C, Krueger GG, de Vlam K et al. Infliximab improves signs and symptoms of psoriatic arthritis: results of the IMPACT 2 trial. Ann. Rheum. Dis.64(8), 1150–1157 (2005).
  • Mease PJ, Gladman DD, Ritchlin CT et al. Adalimumab for the treatment of patients with moderately to severely active psoriatic arthritis: results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum.52(10), 3279–3289 (2005).
  • Mease PJ, Gladman DD, Keystone EC. Alefacept in combination with methotrexate for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Arthritis Rheum.54(5), 1638–1645 (2006).
  • Maetzel A, Tugwell P, Boers M et al. Economic evaluation of programs or interventions in the management of rheumatoid arthritis: defining a consensus-based reference case. J. Rheumatol.30(4), 891–896 (2003).
  • Clegg DO. Treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. J. Rheumatol.78(Suppl.), 24–31 (2006).
  • Kyle S, Chandler D, Griffiths CE et al. Guideline for anti-TNF-α therapy in psoriatic arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford)44(3), 390–397 (2005).
  • Smolen JS, Emery P, Bathon J et al. Treatment of early rheumatoid arthritis with infliximab plus methotrexate or methotrexate alone: Preliminary results of the ASPIRE trial. Ann. Rheum. Dis.62, 64–64 (2003).
  • Bathon JM, Martin RW, Fleischmann RM et al. A comparison of etanercept and methotrexate in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. N. Engl. J. Med.343(22), 1586–1593 (2000).
  • Boonen A, van der Linden SM. The burden of ankylosing spondylitis. J. Rheumatol.78(Suppl.), 4–11 (2006).
  • Tan MCY, Regier DA, Esdaile JM et al. Health economic evaluation: a primer for the practicing rheumatologist. Arthritis Rheum.55(4), 648–656 (2006).
  • Yelin E, Cisternas MG, Pasta DJ et al. Medical care expenditures and earnings losses of persons with arthritis and other rheumatic conditions in the United States in 1997 – total and incremental estimates. Arthritis Rheum.50(7), 2317–2326 (2004).
  • Choi HK, Seeger JD, Kuntz KM. A cost–effectiveness analysis of treatment options for methotrexate-naive rheumatoid arthritis. J. Rheumatol.29(6), 1156–1165 (2002).
  • Moreland LW, Cohen SB, Baumgartner SW et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of etanercept in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J. Rheumatol.28(6), 1238–1244 (2001).
  • Barton P, Jobanputra P, Wilson J, Bryan S, Burls A. The use of modelling to evaluate new drugs for patients with a chronic condition: the case of antibodies against tumour necrosis factor in rheumatoid arthritis – introduction. Health Technol. Assess.8(11), 1–91 (2004).
  • Hurst NP, Kind P, Ruta D, Hunter M, Stubbings A. Measuring health-related quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis: validity, responsiveness and reliability of EuroQol (EQ-5D). Brit. J. Rheumatol.36(5), 551–559 (1997).
  • Welsing PM, Severens JL, Hartman M, van Riel PL, Laan RF. Modeling the 5-year cost–effectiveness of treatment strategies including tumor necrosis factor-blocking agents and leflunomide for treating rheumatoid arthritis in the Netherlands. Arthritis Rheum.51(6), 964–973 (2004).
  • Geborek P, Crnkic M, Petersson IF, Saxne T. Etanercept, infliximab, and leflunomide in established rheumatoid arthritis: clinical experience using a structured follow up programme in southern Sweden. Ann. Rheum. Dis.61(9), 793–798 (2002).
  • Kobelt G, Eberhardt K, Geborek P. TNF inhibitors in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in clinical practice: costs and outcomes in a follow up study of patients with RA treated with etanercept or infliximab in southern Sweden. Ann. Rheum. Dis.63(1), 4–10 (2004).
  • Tanno M, Nakamura I, Ito K et al. Modeling and cost-effectiveness analysis of etanercept in adults with rheumatoid arthritis in Japan: a preliminary analysis. Mod. Rheumatol.16(2), 77–84 (2006).
  • Moreland LW, Schiff MH, Baumgartner SW et al. Etanercept therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann. Intern. Med.130(6), 478–486 (1999).
  • Wolfe F, Kleinheksel SM, Cathey MA et al. The clinical value of the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire Functional Disability Index in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J. Rheumatol.15(10), 1480–1488 (1988).
  • Choi HK, Seeger JD, Kuntz KM. A cost–effectiveness analysis of treatment options for patients with methotrexate-resistant rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum.43(10), 2316–2327 (2000).
  • Kobelt G, Lindgren P, Singh A, Klareskog L. Cost–effectiveness of etanercept (Enbrel) in combination with methotrexate in the treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis based on the TEMPO trial. Ann. Rheum. Dis.64(8), 1174–1179 (2005).
  • Wong JB, Singh G, Kavanaugh A. Estimating the cost-effectiveness of 54 weeks of infliximab for rheumatoid arthritis. Am. J. Med.113(5), 400–408 (2002).
  • Fries JF. ARAMIS and toxicity measurement. (Arthritis Rheumatism and Aging Medical Information System). J. Rheumatol.22(5), 995–997 (1995).
  • Kobelt G, Jonsson L, Young A, Eberhardt K. The cost-effectiveness of infliximab (Remicade) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in Sweden and the United Kingdom based on the ATTRACT study. Rheumatology (Oxford)42(2), 326–335 (2003).
  • Coyle D, Judd M, Blumenauer B et al.Infliximab and Etanercept in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: a Systematic Review and Economic Evaluation [Technology Report No.. 64]. Canadian Coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment, Ottawa, Canada (2006)
  • Barbieri M, Wong JB, Drummond M. The cost–effectiveness of infliximab for severe treatment-resistant rheumatoid arthritis in the UK. Pharmacoeconomics23(6), 607–618 (2005).
  • Bansback NJ, Brennan A, Ghatnekar O. Cost–effectiveness of adalimumab in the treatment of patients with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis in Sweden. Ann. Rheum. Dis.64(7), 995–1002 (2005).
  • Weinblatt ME, Keystone EC, Furst DE et al. Adalimumab, a fully human anti-tumor necrosis factor α monoclonal antibody, for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in patients taking concomitant methotrexate: the ARMADA trial. Arthritis Rheum.48(1), 35–45 (2003).
  • Keystone EC, Kavanaugh AF, Sharp JT et al. Radiographic, clinical, and functional outcomes of treatment with adalimumab (a human anti-tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibody) in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis receiving concomitant methotrexate therapy: a randomized, placebo-controlled, 52-week trial. Arthritis Rheum.50(5), 1400–1411 (2004).
  • Braun J, Brandt J, Listing J et al. Two year maintenance of efficacy and safety of infliximab in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. Ann. Rheum. Dis.64(2), 229–234 (2005).
  • Braun J, Brandt J, Listing J et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of infliximab in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis: an open, observational, extension study of a three-month, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum.48(8), 2224–2233 (2003).
  • Band DA, Jones SD, Kennedy LG et al. Which patients with ankylosing spondylitis derive most benefit from an inpatient management program? J. Rheumatol.24(12), 2381–2384 (1997).
  • Koh WH, Garrett SL, Calin A. Cervical spine surgery in ankylosing spondylitis: is the outcome good? Clin. Rheumatol.16(5), 466–470 (1997).
  • Gomez KS, Raza K, Jones SD, Kennedy LG, Calin A. Juvenile onset ankylosing spondylitis – more girls than we thought? J. Rheumatol.24(4), 735–737 (1997).
  • Myckatyn SO, Mallon C, Russell AS, Maksymowych WP. 3 year follow-up of a prospective observational inception cohort of ankylosing spondylitis patients on low-dose (3 mg/kg) infliximab. Ann. Rheum. Dis.63, 408–408 (2004).
  • Boonen A, van der Heijde D, Landewe R et al. Work status and productivity costs due to ankylosing spondylitis: comparison of three European countries. Ann. Rheum. Dis.61(5), 429–437 (2002).
  • Boonen A, van der Heijde D, Landewe R et al. Costs of ankylosing spondylitis in three European countries: the patient’s perspective. Ann. Rheum. Dis.62(8), 741–747 (2003).
  • Boonen A, van der Heijde D, Landewe R et al. Direct costs of ankylosing spondylitis and its determinants: an analysis among three European countries. Ann. Rheum. Dis.62(8), 732–740 (2003).
  • Bansback NJ, Ara R, Barkham N et al. Estimating the cost and health status consequences of treatment with TNF antagonists in patients with psoriatic arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford)45(8), 1029–1038 (2006).
  • Mease PJ, Gottlieb AB, Yu EB, Dunn M, Woolley JM. Psoriatic arthritis patients treated with etanercept experience sustained improvements in physical function. Ann. Rheum. Dis.64, 322–322 (2005).
  • Marra CA, Marion SA, Guh DP et al. Not all “quality-adjusted life years” are equal. J. Clin. Epidemiol. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi. 2006.09.006 (Epub ahead of print).
  • Pucino F, Harbus PT, Goldbach-Mansky R. Use of biologics in rheumatoid arthritis: Where are we going? Am. J. Health. Syst. Pharm.63(18), S19–S41 (2006).
  • Kay LJ, Griffiths ID; BSR Biologics Register Management committee. UK consultant rheumatologists’ access to biological agents and views on the BSR Biologics Register. Rheumatology (Oxford)45(11), 1376–1379 (2006).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.