References
- Silberstein SD, Saper JR, Freitag E Migraine: Diagnosis and treatment. In: Wolff 's Headache and Other Head Pain. Silberstein SD, Lipton RB, Dalessio DJ (Eds). Oxford University Press, NY, USA 121–237 (2001). Up to date review of migraine.
- Headache Classification Committee. The International Classification of Headache Disorders. Second Edition. Cephalalgia 24 (Suppl. 1), 1 — 1 6 0 (2 0 0 4). New revised International Headache Society criteria.
- Wolff HG. Headache and Other Head Pain. Oxford University Press, NY, USA (1963).
- Lashley KS. Patterns of cerebral integration indicated by the scotomas of migraine. Arch. Neural. 46, 331–339 (1941).
- Ledo AAR Spreading depression of activity in cerebral cortex. J. Neurophysio17, 359–390 (1944).
- Olesen J, Friberg L, Skyhoj-Olsen T Timing and topography of cerebral blood flow, aura and headache during migraine attacks. Ann Neural. 28, 791–798 (1990).
- Olesen J, Larsen B, Lauritzen M. Focal hyperemia followed by spreading oligemia and impaired activation of RCBF in classic migraine. Ann Neural. 9, 344–352 (1981).
- Bolay H, Reuter U, Dunn AK, Huang Z, Boas DA, Moskowitz MA. Intrinsic brain activity triggers trigeminal meningeal afferents in a migraine model. Nature Med. 8(2), 136–142 (2002).
- Pietrobon D, Striessnic J. Neurobiology of migraine. Nature Rev Neurosci. 4, 386–398 (2003).
- Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society. Classification and diagnostic criteria for headache disorders, cranial neuralgia and facial pain. Cephalalgia 8\(Suppl. 7), 1–96 (1988).
- Russell MB, Olesen J. A nosographic analysis of the migraine aura in a general population. Brain 119, 355–361 (1996).
- Stewart WF, Schechter A, Lipton RB. Migraine heterogeneity, disability, pain intensity, attack frequency and duration. Neurology44(4),S24—S39 (1994).
- Silberstein SD. Migraine symptoms: results of a survey of self-reported migraineurs. Headache 35, 387–396 (1995).
- Lipton RB, Silberstein SD. Why study the comorbidity of migraine?Neurology44 (17), 4–5 (1994).
- Silberstein SD, Lipton RB. Overview of diagnosis and treatment of migraine. Neurology 44\(Suppl. 7), 6–16 (1994).
- Goslin RE, Gray RN, McCrory DC, Penzien D, Rains J, Hasselblad V Behavioral and physical treatments for migraine headache. Prepared for the Agency for Healthcare Policy and Research, Contract No. 290-94-2025. Available from the National Technical Information Service, Accession No. 127946. February (1999).
- Gray RN, McCrory DC, Eberlein K, Westman EC, Hasselblad V. Parenteral drug treatments for acute migraine headache. Prepared for the Agency for Healthcare Policy and Research, Contract No. 290-94-2025. Available from the National Technical Information Service, Accession No. 127862. (Technical Review 2.5). February (1999).
- Gray RN, Goslin RE, McCrory DC, Eberlein K, Tulsky J, Hasselblad V Drug treatments for the prevention of migraine headache. Prepared for the Agency for Healthcare Policy and Research, Contract No. 290-94-2025. Available from the National Technical Information Service, Accession No. 127953. (Technical Review 2.3). February (1999).
- Gray RN, McCrory DC, Eberlein K, Westman EC, Hasselblad V. Self-administered drug treatments for acute migraine headache. Prepared for the Agency for Healthcare Policy and Research, Contract No. 290-94-2025. Available from the National Technical Information Service, Accession No. 127854. (Technical Review 2.4). February (1999).
- Ramadan NM, Silberstein SD, Freitag FG, Gilbert TT, Frishberg B. Evidence-based guidelines of the pharmacological management for prevention of migraine for the primary care provider. Neumlogy (1999).
- Matchar DB, Young WB, Rosenberg JA eta]. Evidence-based guidelines for migraine headache in the primary care setting: pharmacological management of acute attacks. Neumlogy (2000).
- Silberstein SD. Preventive headache treatment. Cephalalgia 17,67–72 (1997).
- Saper JR, Silberstein SD, Lake AE, Winters ME. Double-blind trial of fluoxetine: chronic daily headache and migraine. Headache 34,497–502 (1994).
- Silberstein SD. Methysergide. Cephalalgia 18(7), 421–435 (1998).
- Jensen R, Brinck T, Olesen J. Sodium valproate has prophylactic effect in migraine without aura: a triple-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. Neurology 44, 241–244 (1994).
- Klapper JA. An open label crossover comparison of divalproex sodium and propranolol HC1 in the prevention of migraine headaches. Headache Quarterly 5(1), 50–53 (1995).
- Mathew NT, Saper JR, Silberstein SD et al Migraine prophylaxis with divalproex. Awl?. Neural. 52,281–286 (1995).
- Rompel H, Bauermeister PW. Aetiology of migraine and prevention with carbamazepine (Tegretol). S. Ah: Med. J: 44,75-80 (1970).
- Stensrud P, Sjaastad 0. Clonazepam (rivotril) in migraine prophylaxis. Headache 19(6), 333–334 (1979).
- Coulam CB, Annagers JR. New anticonvulsants reduce the efficacy of oral contraception. 43iltpsia 20,519–525 (1979).
- Hanston PP, Horn JR. Drug interaction. Newsletter5, 7–10 (1985).
- Silberstein SD, Collins SD. Safety of divalproex sodium in migraine prophylaxis: an open-label, long-term study (for the long-term safety of depakote in headache prophylaxis study group). Headache 39(9), 633–643 (1999).
- Silberstein SD. Divalproex sodium in headache-literature review and clinical guidelines. Headache 36(9), 547–555 (1996).
- Mathew NT, Rapoport A, Saper J eta! Efficacy of gabapentin in migraine prophylaxis. Headache 41(2), 119–128 (2001).
- Shank RP, Gardocki JF, Vaught JL eta! Topiramate: preclinical evaluation of structurally novel anticonvulsant. Epilepsia 35(2), 450–460 (1994).
- Dodgson SJ, Shank RP, Maryanoff BE. Topiramate as an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes. Epilepsia 41 (Suppl. 1), 35–39 (2000).
- Rogawski MA, Porter RJ. Antiepileptic drugs: pharmacological mechanisms and clinical efficacy with consideration of promising development stage compounds. Pharmacol Rev. 42,223–286 (1990).
- MacDonald RL, McLean MJ. Anticonvulsant drugs: mechanisms of action. In: Advances in Neumlogy Escueta AD, Ward AA, Woodbury DM, Porter RJ (Eds). Raven Press, NY, USA, 713–736 (1986).
- DeLorenzo RJ, Sombati S, Coulter DA. Effects of topiramate on sustained repetitive firing and spontaneous recurrent seizure discharges in cultured hippocampal neurons. Epilepsia 41 (Suppl. 1), S40—S44 (2000).
- Zona C, Ciotti MT, Avoli M. Topiramate attenuates voltage-gated sodium currents in rat cerebellar granule cells. Neumsci. Letters 231(3), 123–126 (1997).
- Brown SD, Wolf 1111, Swinyard EA, Twyman RE, White HS. The novel anticonvulsant topiramate enhances GABA-mediated chloride flux. Epilepsia 34 (Suppl. 2), 122 (1993).
- Gordey M, Delorey TM, Olsen RVV. Differential sensitivity of recombinant GABAA receptors expresses in xenopus oocytes to modulation by topiramate. Epilepsia 41 (Suppl. 1), S25—S29 (2000).
- Gibbs JW, Sombati S, DeLorenzo RJ, Coulter DA. Cellular actions of topiramate: blockade of kainate-evoked inward currents in cultured hippocampal neurons. Epilepsia 41 (Suppl. 1), S10—S16 (2000).
- Zhang XL, Velumian A, Jones OT, Carlen PL. Modulation of high voltage-activated calcium channels in dentate granule cells by topiramate. Epilepsia 41 (Suppl. 1), S52—S60 (2000).
- Sachdeo RC, Sachdeo SK, Walker SA, Kramer LD, Nayak RK, Doose DR. Steady-state pharmacokinetics of topiramate and carbamazepine in patients with epilepsy during monotherapy and concomitant therapy. Epilepsia 37(8), 774–780 (1996).
- Anderson RE, Chiu P, Woodbury DM. Mechanisms of tolerance to the anticonvulsant effects of acetazolamide in mice: relation to the activity and amount of carbonic anhydrase in brain. Epilepsia 30(2), 208–216 (1989).
- Taira T, Lamsa K, Kaila K. Posttetanic excitation mediated by GABAA receptors in rat CA1 pyramidal neurons. J: Neurophysiol 77(4), 2213–2218 (1997).
- Staley KJ, Soldo BL. Ionic mechanisms of neuronal excitation by inhibitory GABAA receptors. Science 269 (5226), 977–981 (1995).
- Krebs EG. The growth of research on protein phosphorylation. Wends Biochem. Sci. 19(11), 439 (1994).
- Roche KW, O'Brien RJ, Mammen AL, Huganir RL. Characterization of multiple phosphorylation sites on the AMP receptor G1uR1 subunit. Neurone 16 (6), 1179–1188 (1996).
- ••
- Wang JH, Kelly PT Postsynaptic injection of CA2+/CaM induces synaptic potentiation requiring CaMKII and PKC activity. Neurone 15(2), 443–452 (1995).
- Sigel E. Functional modulation of ligand- gated GABAA and NMDA receptor channels by phosphorylation. J. Receptor Signal Transduction Res. 15 (1-4), 325 (1995).
- Shank RP, Gardocki JF, Streeter AJ, Maryanoff B. An overview of the preclinical aspects of topiramate: pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and mechanism of action. Epilepsia 41 (S1), S3—S9 (2000).
- ••Excellent overview of the pharmacology oftopiramate.
- Storer RJ, Goadsby PJ. Topiramate inhibits trigeminovascular traffic in the cat: a possible locus of action in the prevention of migraine. Neurology 60\(Suppl. 1), A238 (2003).
- Streeter AJ, Stable PL, Hills JF et al Pharmacokinetics of topiramate in the rat. Pharm. Res. 11, 372 (1994).
- Easterling DE, Zakszewski T, Moyer MD. Plasma pharmacokinetics of topiramate, a new anticonvulsant, in humans. Epilepsia 29, 662 (1988).
- Shuaib A, Ahmed F, Muratoglu M, Kochanski P Topiramate in migraine prophylaxis: a pilot study. Cephalalgia 19, 379–380 (1999).
- Edwards KR, Glantz MJ, Shea P, NortonJA, Cross N. A double-blind, randomized trial of topiramate versus placebo in the prophylactic treatment of migraine headache with and without aura. Cephalalgia 20, 316 (2000).
- Potter DL, Hart DE, Calder CS, Storey JR. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel study to determine the efficacy of topiramate in the prophylactic treatment of migraine. Neurology 54(7 Suppl. 30), A15 (2000).
- Silberstein SD, Bhattacharaya S, Neto W, Jacobs D. Topiramate in the prevention of migraine headache: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple-dose study. For the MIGR-001 Study Group. Cephalagia (In Press) (2003).
- Young WB, Hopkins MM, Shechter AL, Silberstein SD. Topiramate: a case series study in migraine prophylaxis. Cephalalgia 22(8), 659–663 (2002).
- Mathew NT, Kailasam J, Fischer A. Prophylaxis of migraine with topiramate: a retrospective analysis. Cephalalgia 21(4), 370 (2001).
- Brandes JL, Jacobs D, Neto W, Bhattacharaya S. Topiramate in the prevention of migraine headache: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel study (MIGR-002). Neurology60 (5 Suppl. 1), A238 (2003).
- Diener HC, Tfelt-Hansen P, Dahlof C eta! Topiramate in migraine prophylaxis: results from a placebo-controlled trial including an active comparator-propranolol. Cephalalgia 23(7), 691 (2003).
- •First large-scale topiramate trial.
- Jones MW Topiramate. Epilepsia 40(Supp1. 5), S71—S80 (1999).
- Burton LA, Harden C. Effect of topiramate on attention. Epilepsy Res. 27, 29–32 (1997).
- Sachedo RC. Topiramate. Gun. Pharm. 34, 335–346 (1998).
- Krauss G, Crone N. Noncentral nervous system side effects of antiepileptic drugs. Neural Neurosurg.1(1), 12 (2000).
- Silberstein SD. Control of topiramate- induced paresthesias with supplemental potassium Headache 42, 85 (2002).
- Sachedo RC, Reife RA, Lim P, Pledger G. Topiramate monotherapy for partial onset seizures. Epilepsia 38, 294–300 (1997).
- Reife R, Pledger G, Wu SC. Topiramate as add-on therapy: pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials in adults. Epilepsia 41 (Suppl. 1), S66—S71 (2000).
- York DA, Singer L, Thomas S, Bray GA. Effect of topiramate on body weight and body composition of Osborne-Mendel rats fed a high-fat diet: alterations in hormones, neuropeptide and uncoupling-protein mRNAs. Nutrition 16, 967–975 (2000).
- Richard D, Ferland J, Lalonde J etal. Influence of topiramate in the regulation of energybalance. Nutrition 16, 961–966 (2000).
- Greenwood RS. Adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsia 4\(Suppl. 2), S42—S51 (2000).
- Thomson Healthcare. Physicians' Desk Reference. 57th Edition. Thomson PDR, NJ, USA (2003).
- Limmroth V, Katsarava Z, Fritsche G, Przywara S, Diener HC. Features of medication overuse headache following overuse of different acute headache drugs. Neurology59, 1011–1014 (2002).
- Kempsford RD, Baille P, Fuseau E. Oral naratriptan tablets (2.5mg-10mg) exhibit dose-proportional pharmacokinetics. Neurology 48 (3), A66 (1997).
- Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL, Johnson CL. Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults. JAIVIA 288, 1723–1727 (2002).
- Willett WC, Dietz WH, Colditz GA. Guidelines for healthy weight. N Engl. J. Med. 341, 427–434 (1999).
- Dursun SM, Devarajan S. Accelerated weight loss after treating refractory depression with fluoxetine plus topiramate: possible mechanisms of action? Can. J. Pwchiatr 46, 287–288 (2001).
- Loewinger LE, Young WB. Headache preventives: effect on weight. Neurology 58(7) (Suppl. 3), A286 (2002).
- Masand PS. Weight gain associated with psychotropic drugs. Exp. Opin. Pharmacother. 1, 377–389 (2000).
- deToledo JC, Toledo C, deCerce J, Ramsay RE. Changes in body weight with chronic, high-dose gabapentin therapy. Ther. Drug-Monit. 19, 394–396 (1997).
- Rossner S, Taylor CL, Byington RP, Furberg CD. Long-term propranolol treatment and changes in body weight after myocardial infarction. BE Med. J. 300, 902–903 (1990).
Websites
- Websites
- World Health Organization. World Health Report. 7-18-0002 (2001). www.who.int/whr/index.htm (Accessed October 2003)
- National Institutes of Health. The practical guide: identification, evaluation and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults. 4-9-0003 (2003). www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/obesity/ pracgde.htm(Accessed October 2003)