References
- Graeber MB, Kosel S, Moller HJ et al Histopathology and APOE genotype of the first Alzheimer's disease patient, Auguste D. Neurogenetics1(3), 223–228 (1998).
- Aisen PS. Inflammation and Alzheimer's disease: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Gerontology 43,143–149 (1997).
- Masters CL, Beyreuther K. Alzheimer's disease. BE Med. 316,446–448 (1998).
- Selkoe DJ. Translating cell biology into therapeutic advances in Alzheimer's disease. Nature 399, A23–A31 (1999).
- Eikelenboom P, Veerhuis R. The importance of inflammatory mechanisms for the development of Alzheimer's disease. Exp. Gerontal 34,453–461 (1999).
- Akiyama H, Barger S, Barnum S et al. Inflammation and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobial Aging21, 383–421 (2000).
- Rogers J, Copper NR, Webster S et al Complement activation by P-amyloid in Alzheimer's disease. Proc. Natl Acad. Sc]. USA 89,10016–10020 (1992).
- Campbell IL, Abraham CR, Masliah E et al Neurologic disease induced in transgenic mice by cerebral over expression of interleukin-6. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 90,10061–10065 (1993).
- Anthony JC, Breitner JC, Zandi PP et al Reduced prevalence of AD in users of NSAIDs and H2 receptor antagonists: the Cache County study. Neurology 54, 2066–2071 (2000).
- Aisen PS. The potential of anti- inflammatory drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Lancet Neurology 1, 279–284 (2002).
- McGeer EG, McGeer PL. Innate immunity in Alzheimer's disease: a model for local inflammatory reactions. Molecular Interventions 1,22–29 (2001).
- Bales KR, Du Y, Holtzman D et al Neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease: critical role for cytokine/AP induced glial activation, NF-KB, and apolipoprotein E. Neurobial Aging-21, 427–432 (2000).
- Giulian D. Micoglia and the immune pathology of Alzheimer's disease. Am Hum. Genet. 65,13–18 (1999).
- Grimaldi LM, Casadei VM, Ferri C et al Association of early onset Alzheimer's disease with an interleukin-1-ct gene polymorphism. Ann. Neural 47,361–365 (2000).
- Cagnin A, Brooks DJ, Kennedy AM et al 117 vivo measurement of activated microglia in dementia. Lancet 358,461–467 (2001).
- Giulian D, Li J, Leara B et al Phagocytic microglia release cytokines and cytotoxins that regulate the survival of astrocytes and neurons in culture. Neurochem. Int. 25, 227–233 (1994).
- Hull M, Lieb K, Fiebich BL. Pathways of inflammatory activation in Alzheimer's disease: potential targets for disease modifying drugs. Cutr. Med. Chem. 9, 83–88 (2002).
- Groul DL, Nelson TE. Physiological and pathological roles of IL-6 in the central nervous system. Mal Neumbial 25, 227–233 (1997).
- Venters HD, Tang Q, Liu Q et al A new mechanism of neurodegeneration: a proinflammatory cytokine inhibits receptor signaling by a survival peptide. Proc. Nail Acad. Sci. 96,9879–9884 (1999).
- Mukherjee P, Pasinetti GM. Complement anaphylatoxin C5a neuroprotects through mitogen activated protein kinase-dependent inhibition of capase 3.1 Neurochem. 77,43-49 (2001).
- Wyss-Coray T, Lin C, Yan F et al TGF-3 1 promotes microglial amyloid-3 clearance and reduces plaque burden in transgenic mice. Nature Med. 7,612–618 (1996).
- Kakimura J, Kitamura Y, Takata K et al Micoglial activation and amyloid-3 clearance induced by exogenous heat-shock protein. FASEB J. 16,601–603 (2002).
- Schenk D, Barbour R, Dunn W et al. Immunization with amyloid-3 attenuates Alzheimer's - disease-like pathology in the PDAPP mouse. Nature 400,173–177 (1999).
- McGeer PL, Schulzer M, McGeer EG. Arthritis and anti-inflammatory agents as possible protective factors for Alzheimer's disease: a review of 17 epidemiologic studies. Neurology47 425–432 (1996).
- Breitner JC, Gau BA, Welsh IKA et al Inverse association of anti-inflammatory treatments and Alzheimer's disease: initial results of a control study. Neurology 44, 227–232 (1994).
- Breitner J, Welsh IKA, Helms MJ et al Delayed onset of Alzheimer's disease with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and histamine H2 blocking drugs. Neurobial Aging-16, 523–530 (1995).
- Stewart WF, Kawas C, Corrada M etal. Risk of Alzheimer's disease and duration of NSAID use. Neumlogy48, 626–632 (1997).
- Anthony JC, Breitner JC, Zandi PP et al Reduced prevalence of AD in users of NSAIDs and H2 receptor antagonists: the Cache County study. Neurology54, 2066–2071 (2000).
- Henderson AS, Jorm AF, Christensen H et al Aspirin, anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of dementia. Int. j Geriatric Psych. 12, 926–930 (1997).
- Wolfson C, Perrault A, Moride Y et al A case control analysis of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and Alzheimer's disease: are they protective? Neuroepidemiology21, 81–86 (2002).
- Beard CM, Waring SC, O'Brein PC et al Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and Alzheimer's disease: a case control study in Rochester, Minnesota. Mayo Gun. Proc. 73,951–955 (1998).
- in t' Veld BA, Ruitenberg A, Hofman A et al Nonsteroidal inflammatory use and the risk of Alzheimer's disease. N Engl. Med. 345,1515–1521 (2000).
- Rogers J, Kirby LC, Hempleman SR et al Clinical trial of indomethacin in Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 43, 1609–1611 (1993).
- Scharf S, Mander A, Ugoni A et al A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of diclofenac/misoprostol in Alzheimer's disease. Neurology53, 197–201 (1999).
- Aisen PS, Davis KL, Berg JD et al A randomized controlled trial of prednisone in Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 54, 588–593 (2000).
- Van Cool WA, Weinstein HC, Scheltens PK et al Effect of hydroxycholoroquine on the progression of dementia in early Alzheimer's disease: an 18 month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Lancet 358,455–460 (2001).
- Sainati SM, Ingram DM, Talwalker S et al. Results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of celecoxib in the treatment of progression of Alzheimer's disease. Proceeding of the Sixth International Stockholm/Springfield Symposium on Advances in Alzheimer's Disease. Stockholm, Sweden, 180 (2000).
- Aisen PS, Mann D, Altstiel L et al A pilot study of prednisone in Alzheimer's disease. Dementia 7,201–206 (1996).
- Sperber K, Quraishi H, Kalb TH et al Selective regulation of cytokine secretion by hydroxychloroquine: Inhibition of interleukin-1-CL and IL-6 in human monocytes and T-cells. j Rheumatol 20, 803–808 (1993).
- Hoozemans JJ, Veerhuis R, Janssen I et al The role of cyclo-oxygenase 1 and 2 activity in prostaglandin E20 secretion by cultured human adult microglia: implication's for Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res. 951, 218–226 (2002).
- Planas AM, Soriano MA, Rodriguez-Farr E et al Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA and protein following focal ischaemia in the rat brain. Neuroscience Lett. 200,187–190 (1995).
- Aisen PS. Evaluation of selective COX-2 inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. j Pain Symp. Manag. 23, S35-S40 (2002).
- Aisen PS, Schafer IKA, Grindman M et al Effects of rofecoxib and naproxen vs. placebo on Alzheimer's disease progression. JA/V/4 289,2819–2826 (2003).
- Reines SA, Block GA, Morris JC et al Rofecoxib. No effect on Alzheimer's disease in a 1-year, randomized, blinded, controlled study. Neurology62,66–71 (2004).
- Ho L, Purohit D, Haroutunian V etal. Neuronal cyclooxygenase-2 expression in the hippocampal formation as a function of the clinical progression of Alzheiemr's disease. Arch. Neural. 58,487-492 (2001).
- Blasko I, Apochal A, Boeck G et al Ibuprofen decreases cytokine-induced amyloid 13 production in neuronal cells. Neurobial Dis. 8,1094–1101 (2001).
- Weggen S, Eriksen J, Das P et al A subset of NSAIDs lower amyloidogenic A042 independently of cyclooxygenase activity. Nature 414,212–216 (2001).
- Sastre M, Dewachter I, Landreth G etal. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-y agonists modulate immunostimulated processing of amyloid precursor protein through regulation of fi-secretase. J. Neuroscience 23, 9796–9804 (2003).