93
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Advances in revascularization for acute ischemic stroke treatment

, , &
Pages 189-201 | Published online: 10 Jan 2014

References

  • The National Institute of Neurological Disorders rtPA Stroke Study Group. Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rtPA Stroke Study Group. N. Engl. J. Med. 333(24), 1581–1587 (1995).
  • Fagan SC, Morgenstern LB, Petitta A et al. Cost-effectiveness of tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. NINDS rtPA Stroke Study Group. Neurology 50(4), 883–890 (1998).
  • Kwiatkowski TG, Libman RB, Frankel M et al. Effects of tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke at one year. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator Stroke Study Group. N. Engl. J. Med. 340(23), 1781–1787 (1999).
  • Marler JR, Tilley BC, Lu M et al. Early stroke treatment associated with better outcome: the NINDS rt-PA stroke study. Neurology 55(11), 1649–1655 (2000).
  • Adams HP Jr, Brott TG, Furlan AJ et al. Guidelines for Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Stroke: a supplement to the guidelines for the management of patients with acute ischemic stroke. A statement for healthcare professionals from a Special Writing Group of the Stroke Council, American Heart Association. Stroke 27(9), 1711–1718 (1996).
  • Hacke W, Donnan G, Fieschi C et al. Association of outcome with early stroke treatment: pooled analysis of ATLANTIS, ECASS, and NINDS rtPA stroke trials. Lancet 363(9411), 768–774 (2004).
  • Adams HP Jr, Adams RJ, Brott T et al. Guidelines for the early management of patients with ischemic stroke: a scientific statement from the Stroke Council of the American Stroke Association. Stroke 34(4), 1056–1083 (2003).
  • Norris JW, Buchan A, Cote R et al. Canadian guidelines for intravenous thrombolytic treatment in acute stroke. A consensus statement of the Canadian Stroke Consortium. Can. J. Neurol. Sci. 25(3), 257–259 (1998).
  • Brainin M, Olsen TS, Chamorro A et al. Organization of stroke care: education, referral, emergency management and imaging, stroke units and rehabilitation. European Stroke Initiative. Cerebrovasc. Dis. 17(Suppl. 2), 1–14 (2004).
  • Grond M, Stenzel C, Schmulling S et al. Early intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke in a community-based approach. Stroke 29(8), 1544–1549 (1998).
  • Morgenstern LB, Staub L, Chan W et al. Improving delivery of acute stroke therapy: The TLL Temple Foundation Stroke Project. Stroke 33(1), 160–166 (2002).
  • Wojner AW, Morgenstern L, Alexandrov AV, Rodriguez D, Persse D, Grotta JC. Paramedic and emergency department care of stroke: baseline data from a citywide performance improvement study. Am. J. Crit. Care 12(5), 411–417 (2003).
  • Hjort N, Butcher K, Davis SM et al. Magnetic resonance imaging criteria for thrombolysis in acute cerebral infarct. Stroke36(2), 388–397 (2005).
  • Sunshine JL, Tarr RW, Lanzieri CF, Landis DM, Selman WR, Lewin JS. Hyperacute stroke: ultrafast MR imaging to triage patients prior to therapy. Radiology 212(2), 325–332 (1999).
  • Fiebach JB, Schellinger PD, Gass A et al. Stroke magnetic resonance imaging is accurate in hyperacute intracerebral hemorrhage: a multicenter study on the validity of stroke imaging. Stroke 35(2), 502–506 (2004).
  • Wintermark M, Reichhart M, Cuisenaire O et al. Comparison of admission perfusion computed tomography and qualitative diffusion- and perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in acute stroke patients. Stroke 33(8), 2025–2031 (2002).
  • Alexandrov AV, Molina CA, Grotta JC et al. Ultrasound-enhanced systemic thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke. N. Engl. J. Med. 351(21), 2170–2178 (2004).
  • Zeumer H, Hacke W, Kolmann HL, Poeck K. Local fibrinolysis in basilary artery thrombosis (author'stransl). Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. 107(19), 728–731 (1982).
  • Zeumer H, Hacke W, Ringelstein EB. Local intraarterial thrombolysis in vertebrobasilar thromboembolic disease. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol.4(3), 401–404 (1983).
  • Furlan A, Higashida R, Wechsler L et al. Intra-arterial prourokinase for acute ischemic stroke. The PROACT II study: a randomized controlled trial. Prolyse in Acute Cerebral Thromboembolism. JAMA 282(21), 2003–2011 (1999).
  • Alexandrov AV, Burgin WS, Demchuk AM, El-Mitwalli A, Grotta JC. Speed of intracranial clot lysis with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator therapy: sonographic classification and short-term improvement. Circulation 103(24), 2897–2902 (2001).
  • Rother J, Schellinger PD, Gass A et al. Effect of intravenous thrombolysis on MRI parameters and functional outcome in acute stroke <6 hours. Stroke 33(10), 2438–2445 (2002).
  • Nighoghossian N, Hermier M, Adeleine P et al. Baseline magnetic resonance imaging parameters and stroke outcome in patients treated by intravenous tissue plasminogen activator. Stroke 34(2), 458–463 (2003).
  • Alvarez-Sabin J, Molina CA, Ribo M et al. Impact of admission hyperglycemia on stroke outcome after thrombolysis: risk stratification in relation to time to reperfusion. Stroke 35(11), 2493–2498 (2004).
  • Alexandrov AV, Demchuk AM, Burgin WS, Robinson DJ, Grotta JC. Ultrasound-enhanced thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke: Phase I. Findings of the CLOTBUST trial. J. Neuroimaging14(2), 113–117 (2004).
  • Edwards MT, Murphy MM, Geraghty JJ, Wulf JA, Konzen JP. Intra-arterial cerebral thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke in a community hospital. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 20(9), 1682–1687 (1999).
  • Suarez JI, Sunshine JL, Tarr R et al. Predictors of clinical improvement, angiographic recanalization, and intracranial hemorrhage after intra-arterial thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke. Stroke30(10), 2094–2100 (1999).
  • Jahan R, Duckwiler GR, Kidwell CS et al. Intraarterial thrombolysis for treatment of acute stroke: experience in 26 patients with long-term follow-up. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 20(7), 1291–1299 (1999).
  • Ueda T, Sakaki S, Yuh WT, Nochide I, Ohta S. Outcome in acute stroke with successful intra-arterial thrombolysis and predictive value of initial single-photon emission-computed tomography. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 19(1), 99–108 (1999).
  • Pillai JJ, Lanzieri CF, Trinidad SB, Tarr RW, Sunshine JL, Lewin JS. Initial angiographic appearance of intracranial vascular occlusions in acute stroke as a predictor of outcome of thrombolysis: initial experience. Radiology 218(3), 733–738 (2001).
  • Arnold M, Schroth G, Nedeltchev K et al. Intra-arterial thrombolysis in 100 patients with acute stroke due to middle cerebral artery occlusion. Stroke 33(7), 1828–1833 (2002).
  • Zaidat OO, Suarez JI, Santillan C et al. Response to intra-arterial and combined intravenous and intra-arterial thrombolytic therapy in patients with distal internal carotid artery occlusion. Stroke 33(7), 1821–1827 (2002).
  • Eckert B, Kucinski T, Pfeiffer G, Groden C, Zeumer H. Endovascular therapy of acute vertebrobasilar occlusion: early treatment onset as the most important factor. Cerebrovasc. Dis. 14(1), 42–50 (2002).
  • Alexandrov AV, Grotta JC. Arterial reocclusion in stroke patients treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator. Neurology 59(6), 862–867 (2002).
  • Heo JH, Lee KY, Kim SH, Kim DI. Immediate reocclusion following a successful thrombolysis in acute stroke: a pilot study. Neurology 60(10), 1684–1687 (2003).
  • Qureshi AI, Siddiqui AM, Kim SH et al. Reocclusion of recanalized arteries during intra-arterial thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 25(2), 322–328 (2004).
  • Lewandowski CA, Frankel M, Tomsick TA et al. Combined intravenous and intra-arterial r-TPA versus intra-arterial therapy of acute ischemic stroke: Emergency Management of Stroke (EMS) Bridging Trial. Stroke 30(12), 2598–2605 (1999).
  • Ernst R, Pancioli A, Tomsick T et al. Combined intravenous and intra-arterial recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 31(11), 2552–2557 (2000).
  • Hill MD, Barber PA, Demchuk AM et al. Acute intravenous intra-arterial revascularization therapy for severe ischemic stroke. Stroke 33(1), 279–282 (2002).
  • Suarez JI, Zaidat OO, Sunshine JL, Tarr R, Selman WR, Landis DM. Endovascular administration after intravenous infusion of thrombolytic agents for the treatment of patients with acute ischemic strokes. Neurosurgery 50(2), 251–259 (2002).
  • IMS Study Investigators. Combined intravenous and intra-arterial recanalization for acute ischemic stroke: the Interventional Management of Stroke Study. Stroke 35(4), 904–911 (2004).
  • Kaur J, Zhao Z, Klein GM, Lo EH, Buchan AM. The neurotoxicity of tissue plasminogen activator? J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab.24(9), 945–963 (2004).
  • Liu D, Cheng T, Guo H et al. Tissue plasminogen activator neurovascular toxicity is controlled by activated protein C. Nature Med. 10(12), 1379–1383 (2004).
  • Schleuning WD. Vampire bat plasminogen activator DSPA-α-1 (desmoteplase): a thrombolytic drug optimized by natural selection. Haemostasis 31(3–6), 118–122 (2001).
  • Liberatore GT, Samson A, Bladin C, Schleuning WD, Medcalf RL. Vampire bat salivary plasminogen activator (desmoteplase): a unique fibrinolytic enzyme that does not promote neurodegeneration. Stroke34(2), 537–543 (2003).
  • Hacke W, Albers G, Al-Rawi Y et al. The Desmoteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke Trial (DIAS). A Phase II MRI-based 9-hour window acute stroke thrombolysis trial with intravenous desmoteplase. Stroke36(1), 66–73 (2005).
  • Verstraete M. Third-generation thrombolytic drugs. Am. J. Med. 109(1), 52–58 (2000).
  • Qureshi AI, Ali Z, Suri MF et al. Intra-arterial third-generation recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (reteplase) for acute ischemic stroke. Neurosurgery 49(1), 41–50 (2001).
  • Schror K, Weber AA. Comparative pharmacology of GP IIb/IIIa antagonists. J. Thromb. Thrombolysis 15(2), 71–80 (2003).
  • The Abciximab in Ischemic Stroke Investigators. Abciximab in acute ischemic stroke: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation study. Stroke 31(3), 601–609 (2000).
  • Seitz RJ, Hamzavi M, Junghans U, Ringleb PA, Schranz C, Siebler M. Thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and tirofiban in stroke: preliminary observations. Stroke 34(8), 1932–1935 (2003).
  • Seitz RJ, Meisel S, Moll M, Wittsack HJ, Junghans U, Siebler M. The effect of combined thrombolysis with rtPA and tirofiban on ischemic brain lesions. Neurology 62(11), 2110–2112 (2004).
  • Straub S, Junghans U, Jovanovic V, Wittsack HJ, Seitz RJ, Siebler M. Systemic thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and tirofiban in acute middle cerebral artery occlusion. Stroke 35(3), 705–709 (2004).
  • Alexandrov AV, Demchuk AM, Felberg RA et al. High rate of complete recanalization and dramatic clinical recovery during tPA infusion when continuously monitored with 2-MHz transcranial doppler monitoring. Stroke31(3), 610–614 (2000).
  • Booth NA, Robbie LA, Croll AM, Bennett B. Lysis of platelet-rich thrombi: the role of PAI-1. Ann. NY Acad. Sci.667, 70–80 (1992).
  • Sabovic M, Lijnen HR, Keber D, Collen D. Effect of retraction on the lysis of human clots with fibrin specific and non-fibrin specific plasminogen activators. Thromb. Haemost. 62(4), 1083–1087 (1989).
  • Brommer EJ, Potter van Loon BJ, Rijken DC, van Bockel JH. Composition and susceptibility to thrombolysis of pathological human arterial thrombi. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 667, 283–285 (1992).
  • Barnwell SL, Clark WM, Nguyen TT, O'Neill OR, Wynn ML, Coull BM. Safety and efficacy of delayed intraarterial urokinase therapy with mechanical clot disruption for thromboembolic stroke. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 15(10), 1817–1822 (1994).
  • Sorimachi T, Fujii Y, Tsuchiya N et al. Recanalization by mechanical embolus disruption during intra-arterial thrombolysis in the carotid territory. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 25(8), 1391–1402 (2004).
  • Mahon BR, Nesbit GM, Barnwell SL et al. North American Clinical Experience with the EKOS MicroLysUS Infusion Catheter for the Treatment of Embolic Stroke. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 24(3), 534–538 (2003).
  • Berlis A, Lutsep H, Barnwell S et al. Mechanical thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke with endovascular photoacoustic recanalization. Stroke 35(5), 1112–1116 (2004).
  • Tsai FY, Berberian B, Matovich V, Lavin M, Alfieri K. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty adjunct to thrombolysis for acute middle cerebral artery rethrombosis. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 15(10), 1823–1829 (1994).
  • Ueda T, Sakaki S, Nochide I, Kumon Y, Kohno K, Ohta S. Angioplasty after intra-arterial thrombolysis for acute occlusion of intracranial arteries. Stroke 29(12), 2568–2574 (1998).
  • Nakano S, Yokogami K, Ohta H, Yano T, Ohnishi T. Direct percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for acute middle cerebral artery occlusion. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 19(4), 767–772 (1998).
  • Ringer AJ, Qureshi AI, Fessler RD, Guterman LR, Hopkins LN. Angioplasty of intracranial occlusion resistant to thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke. Neurosurgery 48(6), 1282–1288 (2001).
  • Nakano S, Iseda T, Yoneyama T, Kawano H, Wakisaka S. Direct percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for acute middle cerebral artery trunk occlusion: an alternative option to intra-arterial thrombolysis. Stroke 33(12), 2872–2876 (2002).
  • Qureshi AI, Siddiqui AM, Suri MF et al. Aggressive mechanical clot disruption and low-dose intra-arterial third-generation thrombolytic agent for ischemic stroke: a prospective study. Neurosurgery 51(5), 1319–1329 (2002).
  • Song JK, Cacayorin ED, Campbell MS et al. Intracranial balloon angioplasty of acute terminal internal carotid artery occlusions. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 23(8), 1308–1312 (2002).
  • Yoneyama T, Nakano S, Kawano H et al. Combined direct percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and low-dose native tissue plasminogen activator therapy for acute embolic middle cerebral artery trunk occlusion. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 23(2), 277–281 (2002).
  • Agarwal P, Borden N, Tan WA, Sen S. Rescue angioplasty after failed intra-arterial thrombolysis in acute middle cerebral artery stroke: a case report. Catheter Cardiovasc. Interv. 62(3), 396–400 (2004).
  • Phatouros CC, Higashida RT, Malek AM et al. Endovascular stenting of an acutely thrombosed basilar artery: technical case report and review of the literature. Neurosurgery 44(3), 667–673 (1999).
  • SSYLVIA Investigators. Stenting of Symptomatic Atherosclerotic Lesions in the Vertebral or Intracranial Arteries (SSYLVIA): study results. Stroke 35(6), 1388–1392 (2004).
  • Chapot R, Houdart E, Rogopoulos A, Mounayer C, Saint-Maurice JP, Merland JJ. Thromboaspiration in the basilar artery: report of two cases. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 23(2), 282–284 (2002).
  • Vallee JN, Crozier S, Guillevin R et al. Acute basilar artery occlusion treated by thromboaspiration in a cocaine and ecstasy abuser. Neurology 61(6), 839–841 (2003).
  • Lutsep HL, Clark WM, Nesbit GM, Kuether TA, Barnwell SL. Intraarterial suction thrombectomy in acute stroke. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 23(5), 783–786 (2002).
  • Chopko BW, Kerber C, Wong W, Georgy B. Transcatheter snare removal of acute middle cerebral artery thromboembolism: technical case report. Neurosurgery 46(6), 1529–1531 (2000).
  • Kerber CW, Barr JD, Berger RM, Chopko BW. Snare retrieval of intracranial thrombus in patients with acute stroke. J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol. 13(12), 1269–1274 (2002).
  • Fourie P, Duncan IC. Microsnare-assisted mechanical removal of intraprocedural distal middle cerebral arterial thromboembolism. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 24(4), 630–632 (2003).
  • Schumacher HC, Meyers PM, Yavagal DR et al. Endovascular mechanical thrombectomy of an occluded superior division branch of the left mca for acute cardioembolic stroke. Cardiovasc. Intervent. Radiol. 26(3), 305–308 (2003).
  • Nesbit GM, Luh G, Tien R, Barnwell SL. New and future endovascular treatment strategies for acute ischemic stroke. J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol.15(1 Pt 2), S103–S110 (2004).
  • Mayer TE, Hamann GF, Brueckmann HJ. Treatment of basilar artery embolism with a mechanical extraction device: necessity of flow reversal. Stroke 33(9), 2232–2235 (2002).
  • Pierre Gobin Y, Starkman S, Duckwiler GR et al. MERCI 1. A Phase 1 study of mechanical embolus removal in cerebral ischemia. Stroke 35(12), 2848–2854 (2004).
  • Sharafuddin MJ, Hicks ME. Current status of percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy. Part II. Devices and mechanisms of action. J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol. 9(1 Pt 1), 15–31 (1998).
  • Bellon RJ, Putman CM, Budzik RF, Pergolizzi RS, Reinking GF, Norbash AM. Rheolytic thrombectomy of the occluded internal carotid artery in the setting of acute ischemic stroke. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 22(3), 526–530 (2001).
  • Higashida RT, Furlan AJ, Roberts H et al. Trial design and reporting standards for intra-arterial cerebral thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 34(8), e109–e137 (2003).

Websites

  • Goyal DG, Li J, Mann J, Schriger DL. Position statement of the American Academy of emergency medicine on the use of intravenous thrombolytic therapy in the treatment of stroke www.aaem.org/positionstatements (Accessed February 2005)
  • Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke – MOnitoring Study www.acutestroke.org/index.php?module=ContentExpress&func=print&ceid=41 (Accessed February 2005)
  • Dose escalation study of desmoteplase in acute ischemic stroke www.strokecenter.org/trials/TrialDetail.asp?ref=470&browse=D (Accessed February 2005)
  • ROSIE. ReoPro Retavase Reperfusion of Stroke Safety Study – Imaging Evaluation www.strokecenter.org/trials/TrialDetail.asp?ref=462&browse=R (Accessed February 2005)
  • Safety and Efficacy of Intra-arterial Reteplase and Intravenous Abciximab in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke www.strokecenter.org/trials/TrialDetail.asp?ref=201 (Accessed February 2005)
  • Pilot Study of TNK-TPA in Acute Ischemic Stroke www.strokecenter.org/trials/TrialDetail.asp?ref=447 (Accessed February 2005)
  • Abciximab in Emergent Stroke Treatment Trial II www.strokecenter.org/trials/TrialDetail.asp?ref=568 (Accessed February 2005)
  • Interventional Management of Stroke Study II www.strokecenter.org/trials/TrialDetail.asp?ref=487&browse=acute (Accessed February 2005)
  • US Food and Drug Administration. Notice of Humanitarian Device Exemption (HDE) for Neurolink(R) System www.fda.gov/cdrh/pdf/H010004a.pdf (Accessed February 2005)
  • US Food and Drug Administration. Neurolink(R) System. Summary of safety and probable benefit www.fda.gov/cdrh/pdf/H010004b.pdf (Accessed February 2005)
  • US Food and Drug Administration. Meeting of the Neurological Devices Advisory Panel www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/04/minuts/--4022m1.pdf (Accessed February 2005)
  • Food and Drug Administration. Final Decision 510(k) for Concentric Merci(R) Retriever www.fda.gov/cdrh/pdf3/k033736.pdf (Accessed February 2005)
  • Thrombectomy in Middle Cerebral Artery Embolism Study 1 www.strokecenter.org/trials/TrialDetail.asp?ref=121&browse=acute (Accessed February 2005)
  • Possis Medical I. Possis Medical, Inc. Closes TIME 1 Clinical Trial for Ischemic Stroke; Company Will Contemplate Launching New R&D Efforts for Stroke Treatment www.corporate-ir.net/ireye/ir_site.zhtml?ticker=poss&script=460&layout=7&item_id=440202&sstring=TIME (Accessed February 2005)
  • Interventional Stroke Therapy Outcomes Registry www.strokeregistry.org/ (Accessed February 2005)

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.