Stereotactic radiosurgery with and without whole-brain radiotherapy for newly diagnosed brain metastases

References

• Cairncross JG, Kim JH, Posner JB. Radiation therapy for brain metastases. Ann. Neurol. 7, 529–541 (1980).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Posner JB. Management of brain metastases. Rev. Neurol. 148(6–7), 477–487 (1992).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lohr F, Pirzkall A, Hof H et al. Adjuvant treatment of brain metastases. Semin. Surg. Oncol. 20, 50–56 (2001).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Delattre JY, Krol G, Thaler HT et al. Distribution of brain metastases. Arch. Neurol. 45, 741–744 (1988).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Figlin RA, Piantadosi S, Feld R. Intracranial recurrence of carcinoma after complete surgical resection of stage I, II, and III non-small-cell lung cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 318, 1300–1305 (1988).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiStefano A, Yong Yap Y, Hortobagyi GN et al. The natural history of breast cancer patients with brain metastases. Cancer 44, 1913–1918 (1979).
   Google Scholar
• Tsukada Y, Fouad A, Pickren JW et al. Central nervous system metastasis from breast carcinoma. Autopsy study. Cancer 52, 2349–2354 (1983).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bendell JC, Domchek SM, Burstein HJ et al. Central nervous system metastases in women who receive trastuzumab-based therapy for metastatic breast carcinoma. Cancer 97(12), 2972–2977 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byrne TN, Cascino TL, Posner JB. Brain metastasis from melanoma. J. Neurooncol. 1(4), 313–317 (1983).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Radley MG, McDonald JV, Pilcher WH et al. Late solitary cerebral metastases from renal cell carcinoma: report of two cases. Surg. Neurol. 39(3), 230–234 (1993).
   Google Scholar
• Cascino TL, Leavengood JM, Kemeny N et al. Brain metastases from colon cancer. J. Neurooncol. 1(3), 203–209 (1983).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sneed PK, Larson DA, Wara WM. Radiotherapy for cerebral metastases. Neurosurg. Clin. N. Am. 7, 505–515 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeAngelis LM, Mandell LR, Thaler HT et al. The role of postoperative radiotherapy after resection of single brain metastases. Neurosurgery 24, 798–805 (1989).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patchell RA, Tibbs PA, Walsh J et al. A randomized trial of surgery in the treatment of single metastases to the brain. N. Engl. J. Med. 322(8), 494–500 (1990).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noordijk EM, Vecht CJ, Haaxma-Reiche H. The choice of treatment of single brain metastasis should be based on extracranial tumor activity and age. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 29, 711–717 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mintz AH, Kestle J, Rathbone MP et al. A randomized trial to assess the efficacy of surgery in addition to radiotherapy in patients with a single cerebral metastasis. Cancer 78(7), 1470–1476 (1994).
   Google Scholar
• Andrews DW, Scott CB, Sperduto PW et al. Whole brain radiation therapy with or without stereotactic radiosurgery boost for patients with one to three brain metastases: Phase III results of the RTOG 9508 randomised trial. Lancet 363(9422), 1665–1672 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larson DA, Flickinger JC, Loeffler JS. The radiobiology of radiosurgery. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys.25(3), 557–561 (1993).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Auchter RM, Lamond JP, Alexander E et al. A multi-institutional outcome and prognostic factor analysis of radiosurgery for resectable single brain metastasis. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 35, 27–35 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanghavi SN, Miranpuri SS, Chappell R et al. Radiosurgery for patients with brain metastases: a multi-institutional analysis, stratified by the RTOG recursive partitioning analysis method. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 51, 426–434 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kondziolka D, Patel A, Lunsford LD et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery plus whole brain radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone for patients with multiple brain metastases. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 45, 427–434 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaspar L, Scott C, Rotman M et al. Recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) of prognostic factors in three Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) brain metastases trials. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 37, 745–751 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patchell RA, Tibbs PA, Regine WF et al. Postoperative radiotherapy in the treatment of single metastases to the brain: a randomized trial. JAMA 280(17), 1485–1489 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patchell RA, Regine WF. The rationale for adjuvant whole brain radiation therapy with radiosurgery in the treatment of single brain metastases. Technol. Cancer Res. Treat. 2(2), 111–115 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Regine WF, Huhn JL, Patchell RA et al. Risk of symptomatic brain tumor recurrence and neurologic deficit after radiosurgery alone in patients with newly diagnosed brain metastases: results and implications. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 52(2), 333–338 (2002). Erratum in: Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 53(1), 259 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sneed PK, Lamborn KR, Forstner JM et al. Radiosurgery for brain metastases: is whole brain radiotherapy necessary? Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 43(3), 549–558 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flickinger JC, Kondziolka D, Lunsford LD et al. A multi-institutional experience with stereotactic radiosurgery for solitary brain metastasis. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 28(4), 797–802 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aoyama H, Shirato H, Nakagawa K et al. Interim report of the JROSG99–1 multi-institutional randomized trial, comparing radiosurgery alone vs. radiosurgery plus whole brain irradiation for 1–4 brain metastases. ASCO Annual Meeting Proceedings (Post-Meeting Edition). J. Clin. Oncol. 22(14S), 1506 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Regine WF, Scott C, Murray K et al. Neurocognitive outcome in brain metastases patients treated with accelerated fractionation vs. accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy: an analysis from Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Study 91–104. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 51(3), 711–717 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor BV, Buckner JC, Cascino TL et al. Effects of radiation and chemotherapy on cognitive function in patients with high-grade glioma. J. Clin. Oncol. 16(6), 2195–2201 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray KJ, Scott C, Zachariah B et al. Importance of the mini-mental status examination in the treatment of patients with brain metastases: a report from the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group protocol 91–04. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 48(1), 59–64 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang EL, Wefel JS, Meyers CA et al. Prospective neurocognitive evaluation of patients with 1 to 3 newly diagnosed brain metastases treated with stereotactic radiosurgery alone. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 60(1), S164–S165 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Meyers CA, Smith JA, Bezjak A et al. Neurocognitive function and progression in patients with brain metastases treated with whole-brain radiation and motexafin gadolinium: results of a randomized Phase III trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 22(1), 157–165 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pirzkall A, Debus J, Lohr F et al. Radiosurgery alone or in combination with whole-brain radiotherapy for brain metastases. J. Clin. Oncol. 16(11), 3563–3569 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sneed PK, Suh JH, Goetsch SJ et al. A multi-institutional review of radiosurgery alone vs. radiosurgery with whole brain radiotherapy as the initial management of brain metastases. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 53(3), 519–526 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byrne TN, Cascino TL, Posner JB. Brain metastasis from melanoma. J. Neurooncol. 1(4), 313–317 (1983).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Choi KN, Withers HR, Rotman M. Intracranial metastases from melanoma. Clinical features and treatment by accelerated fractionation. Cancer 56(1), 1–9 (1985).
   Google Scholar
• Rate WR, Solin LJ, Turrisi AT. Palliative radiotherapy for metastatic malignant melanoma: brain metastases, bone metastases, and spinal cord compression. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 15(4), 859–864 (1988).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stevens G, Firth I, Coates A. Cerebral metastases from malignant melanoma. Radiother. Oncol. 23(3), 185–191 (1992).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Decker DA, Decker VL, Herskovic A et al. Brain metastases in patients with renal cell carcinoma: prognosis and treatment. J. Clin. Oncol. 2(3), 169–173 (1984).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gay PC, Litchy WJ, Cascino TL. Brain metastasis in hypernephroma. J. Neurooncol. 5(1), 51–56 (1987).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Maor MH, Frias AE, Oswald MJ. Palliative radiotherapy for brain metastases in renal carcinoma. Cancer 62(9), 1912–1917 (1988).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wronski M, Maor MH, Davis BJ et al. External radiation of brain metastases from renal carcinoma: a retrospective study of 119 patients from the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 37(4), 753–759 (1997).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mori Y, Kondziolka D, Flickinger JC et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastasis from renal cell carcinoma. Cancer 83(2), 344–353 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goyal LK, Suh JH, Reddy CA et al. The role of whole brain radiotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery on brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 47(4), 1007–1012 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Payne BR, Prasad D, Szeifert G et al. Gamma surgery for intracranial metastases from renal cell carcinoma. J. Neurosurg. 92(5), 760–765 (2000).
   Google Scholar
• Schoggl A, Kitz K, Ertl A et al. Gamma-knife radiosurgery for brain metastases of renal cell carcinoma: results in 23 patients. Acta Neurochir. (Wien) 140(6), 549–555 (1998).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brown PD, Brown CA, Pollock BE et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery for patients with radioresistant brain metastases. Neurosurgery 51(3), 656–667 (2002).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lavine SD, Petrovich Z, Cohen-Gadol AA et al. Gamma knife radiosurgery for metastatic melanoma: an analysis of survival, outcome, and complications. Neurosurgery44(1), 59–66 (1999).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mingione V, Oliveira M, Prasad D et al. Gamma surgery for melanoma metastases in the brain. J. Neurosurg. 96(3), 544–51 (2002).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mori Y, Kondziolka D, Flickinger JC et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery for cerebral metastatic melanoma: factors affecting local disease control and survival. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 42(3), 581–589 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seung SK, Sneed PK, McDermott MW et al. Gamma knife radiosurgery for malignant melanoma brain metastases. Cancer J. Sci. Am. 4(2), 103–109 (1998).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grob JJ, Regis J, Laurans R et al. Radiosurgery without whole brain radiotherapy in melanoma brain metastases. Club de Cancerologie Cutanee. Eur. J. Cancer 34(8), 1187–1192 (1998).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gieger M, Wu JK, Ling MN et al. Response of intracranial melanoma metastases to stereotactic radiosurgery. Radiat. Oncol. Investig. 5(2), 72–80 (1997).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yu C, Chen JC, Apuzzo ML et al. Metastatic melanoma to the brain: prognostic factors after gamma knife radiosurgery. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 52(5), 1277–1287 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Selek U, Chang EL, Hassenbusch SJ III et al. Stereotactic radiosurgical treatment in 103 patients for 153 cerebral melanoma metastases. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 59(4), 1097–1106 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang EL, Selek U, Hassenbusch SJ et al. Outcome variation amoung “radioresistant” brain metastases treated with stereotactic radiosurgery. Neurosurg. 56(5), 936–945 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Mañon R, Oneill A, Mehta M et al. Phase II trial of radiosurgery (RS) for 1 to 3 newly diagnosed brain metastases from renal cell, melanoma, and sarcoma: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study (E6397). ASCO Annual Meeting Proceedings (Post-Meeting Edition). J. Clin. Oncol. 22(14S), 1507 (2004).
   Google Scholar