Relationship between estrogen and schizophrenia

References

• Cho J, Lannucci F, Fraile M et al. The role of the estrogen in neuroprotection: implications for neurodegenerative diseases. Neuro. Endocrinol. Lett.24(3/4), 141–147 (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Zhao L, Brinton R. Estrogen receptor beta as a therapeutic target for promoting neurogenesis and preventing neurodegeneration. Drug Dev. Res66(2), 103–117 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Mhyre A, Dorsa D. Estrogen activates rapid signaling in the brain: role of estrogen receptor a and estrogen receptor β in neurons and glia. Neuroscience138(3), 851–858 (2006).
   Google Scholar
• Funakoshi T, Yanai A, Shinoda K et al. G protein-coupled receptor 30 is an estrogen receptor in the plasma membrane. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.346(3), 904–910 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiu J, Bosch M, Tobias S et al. A G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor is involved in hypothalamic control of energy homeostasis. J. Neurosci.26(21), 5649–5655 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doncarlos L, Greene G, Morrell J. Distribution of estrogen receptor-immunoreactive cells in the forebrain of the female guinea pig. J. Comp. Neurol.305, 591–612 (1991).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuppers E, Beyer C. Expression of estrogen receptor alpha and beat mRNA in the developing and adult mouse stratium. Neurosci. Lett.276, 95–98 (1999).
   Google Scholar
• Ostlund H, Keller E, Nordstrom A-L. Estrogen receptor gene expression in relation to neuropsychiatric disorders. Ann. NY Acad. Sci.1007, 54–63 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cowley S, Hoare S, Mosselman S et al. Estrogen receptor alpha and beta form heterodimers on DNA. J. Biol. Chem.272, 18862–19858 (1997).
   Google Scholar
• Kukstas L, Domec C, Bascles L et al. Different expression of the two dopaminergic D2 receptors, D2415 and D2444, in two types of lactotroph each characterised by their response to dopamine and modification of expression by sex steroids. Endocrinology129, 1101–1103 (1991).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manthey D, Behl C. From structural biochemistry to expression profiling: neuroprotective activities of estrogen. Neuroscience138(3), 845–850 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amantea D, Russo R, Bagetta G et al. From clinical evidence to molecular mechanisms underlying neuroprotection afforded by estrogens. Pharmacol. Res.52(2), 119–132 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy S, McCullough L, Littleton-Kearney M et al. Estrogen and selective estrogen receptor modulators: neuroprotection in the women's health initiative era. Endocrine21(1), 17–26 (2003).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Duenas M, Luquin S, Chowen J et al. Gonadal hormone regulation of insulin growth factor-I-like immunoreactivity in hypotalamic astroglia of developing and adult rat. Neuroendocrinology59, 528–538 (1994).
   Google Scholar
• Zhao L, O'Neill K, Brinton R. Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) for the brain: current status and remaining challenges for developing neuroSERMs. Brain Res. Rev.49(3), 472–493 (2005).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zandi P, Carlso B, Plassman K et al. Hormone replacement therapy and incidence of Alzheimer disease in older women: the Cache County Study. J. Am. Med. Assoc.288, 2123–2129 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shumaker S, Legault C, Rapp S et al. Estrogen plus progestin and the incidence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women: the Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study: a randomized controlled trial. J. Am. Med. Assoc.289, 2651–2662 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Champagne N, Beitel L. Estrogen and androgen protection of human neurons against intracellular amyloid beta 1–42 toxicity through heat shock protein 70. J. Neurosci.24(23), 5315–5321 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Tang Y, Haslam S, Conrad S et al. Estrogen increases brain expression of the mRNA encoding transthyretin, an amyloid beta scanenger protein. J. Alzheimers Dis.6(4), 414–420 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Peri A, Danza G, Serio M. Seladin-1 as a target of estrogen receptor activation in the brain: a new gene for a rather old story? J. Endocrinol. Invest.28(3), 285–293 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Arita J, Kimura F. Director inhibitory effect of long term estradiol treatment on dopamine synthesis in tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neurons: studies using hypothalamic slices. Endocrinology121, 692–698 (1987).
   Google Scholar
• Molitch M. The pituitary. Prolactin. Blackwell Science, Cambridge (MA), USA, 136–186 (1995).
   Google Scholar
• Nordstrom A-L, Olsson H, Halldin C. A PET study of D2 dopamine receptor density at different phases of the menstrual cycle. Psych. Res.83, 1–6 (1998).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cyr M, Calon F, Morissette M et al. Estrogenic modulation of brain activity: implications for schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease. J. Psychiatry Neurosci.27, 12–27 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oesterlund M. The role of estrogens in neuropsychiatric disorder. Curr. Opin. Psychiatry15, 307–312 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Di Paolo T. Modulation of brain dopamine transmission by sex steroids. Rev. Neurosci.5, 27–41 (1994).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moses E, Drevets W, Smith G et al. Effects of estradiol and progesterone administration on human serotonin 2A receptor binding: a PET study. Biol. Psychiatry48, 854–860 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salokangas R, Honkonen T, Saarinen S. Women have later onset than men in schizophrenia - but only in its paranoid form. Results of the DSP project. Eur. Psychiatry18, 274–281 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruzelier J. Syndromes of schizophrenia and schizotypy, hemispheric imbalance and sex differences: implications for developmental psychopathology. Int. J. Psychophysiol.18, 167–178 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yonkers K, Kando J, Cole J. Gender differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of psychotropic medication. Am. J. Psychiatry149, 587–595 (1992).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Paolo T, Poyet P, Labrie F. Effect of prolactin and estradiol on rat striatal dopamine receptors. J. Life Sci.31, 2921–2929 (1982).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearlstein T, Rosen K, Stone A. Mood disorders and menopause. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. N. Am.26, 279–294 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sichel D, Cohen L, Robertson L et al. Prophylactic estrogen in recurrent postpartum affective disorder. Biol. Psychiatry38, 814–818 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gregoire A, Kumar R, Everitt B et al. Transdermal oestrogen for treatment of severe postnatal depression. Lancet347, 930–933 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Best N, Rees M, Barlow D et al. Effect of estradiol implant on noradrenergic function and mood in menopausal subjects. Psychoneuroendocrinology17, 87–93 (1992).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grigoriadis S, Seeman M. The role of estrogen in schizophrenia: implications for schizophrenia practice guidelines for women. Can. J. Psychiatry47(5), 437–442 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riecher-Rossler A, Hafner H. Schizophrenia and oestrogens – is there an association? Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci.242, 323–328 (1993).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hafner H, Riecher-Rossler A, Maurer K et al. First onset and early symptomatology of schizophrenia. Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci.242, 109–118 (1992).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hambrecht M, Maurer K, Hafner H. Evidence for a gender bias in epidemiological studies of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Res.8, 223–231 (1992).
   Google Scholar
• Galdos P, Van Os J, Murray R. Puberty and the onset of psychosis. Schizophrenia Res.10, 7–14 (1993).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Faraone S, Chen W, Goldstein J et al. Gender differences in age at onset of schizophrenia. Br. J. Psychiatry164(625), 629 (1994).
   Google Scholar
• Szymanski S, Lieberman J, Alvir J et al. Gender differences in onset of illness, treatment response, course and biological indexes in first-episode schizophrenic patient. Am. J. Psychiatry152, 698–703 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Konneke R, Hafner H, Maurer K et al. Main risk factors for schizophrenia: increased familial loading and pre- and peri-natal complications antagonize the protective effect of oestrogen in women. Schizophrenia Res.44, 81–93 (2000).
   Google Scholar
• Hafner H. Gender differences in schizophrenia. In: Estrogen Effects in Psychiatric Disorders. Bergemann N, Riecher-Rossler A (Eds). Wien, Springer, NY, USA. (2003).
   Google Scholar
• De Bellis M, Keshavan M, Beers S et al. Sex differences in brain maturation during childhood and adolescence. Cereb. Cortex11, 552–557 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang S, Renshaw D. Psychosis and pregnancy. Compr. Therapy12, 36–41 (1986).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Riecher-Rossler A, Loffler W, Munk-Jorgenssen P. What do we really know about late-onset schizophrenia? Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci.247, 195–208 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riecher-Rossler A. Estrogen effects in schizophrenia and their potential therapeutic implications: review. Arch. Womens Ment. Health5, 111–118 (2002).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Riecher-Rossler A, Rossler W. The course of schizophrenic psychoses: what do we really know? A selective review from an epidemiological perspective. Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci.248, 189–202 (1998).
   Google Scholar
• Seeman M. Interaction of sex, age and antipsychotic dose. Compr.Psychiatry24, 125–128 (1983).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salokangas R. Gender and the use of neuroleptics in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Res.66, 41–49 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindamer L, Buse D, Lohr J et al. Hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women with schizophrenia: positive effect on negative symptoms? Biol. Psychiatry49(1), 47–51 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gardiner S, Morrison M, Mozley P et al. Pilot study on the effect of estrogen replacement therapy on brain dopamine transporter availability in healthy, postmenopausal women. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry12(6), 621–630 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Thompson K, Sergejew A, Kulkarni J. Estrogen affects cognition in women with psychosis. Psych. Res.94, 201–209 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seeman M. Current outcome in schizophrenia: women vs men. Acta Psych. Scand.73, 609–617 (1986).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hafner H, Riecher-Rossler A, an der Heiden W et al. Generating and testing a causal explanation of gender difference in age at first onset of schizophrenia. Psychol. Med.23, 925–940 (1993).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grigoriadis S, Seeman M. The role of estrogen in schizophrenia: implications for schizophrenia practice guidelines for women. Can. J. Psychiatry47(5), 437–442 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riecher-Rossler A, Hafner H, Maurer K et al. Schizophrenic symptomatology varies with serum estradiol levels during menstrual cycle. Schizophrenia Res.6, 114–115 (1992).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hallonquist J, Seeman M, Lang M et al. Variation in symptoms severity over the menstrual cycle of schizophrenics. Biol. Psychiatry33, 207–209 (1993).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gattaz W, Vogel P, Riecher-Rossler A et al. Influence of the menstrual cycle phase on the therapeutic response in schizophrenia. Biol. Psychiatry36, 137–139 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seeman M. The role of estrogen in schizophrenia. J. Psychiatry Neurosci.21, 123–127 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi S, Kang S, Joe S. Changes in premenstrual symptoms in women with schizophrenia: a prospective study. Psychosom. Med.6, 822–829 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• Akhondzadeh S, Mokhberi K, Amini H et al. Is there a relationship between estrogen serum level and symptom severity throughout the menstrual cycle of patients with schizophrenia? Therapy2(5), 745–751 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Halari R, Kumari V, Mehrotra R et al. The relationship of sex hormones and cortisol with cognitive functioning in schizophrenia. J. Psychopharmacol.18(3), 366–374 (2004).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hendrick V, Altshuler L, Burt V. Course of psychiatric disorders across the menstrual cycle. Harv. Rev. Psychiatry4(4), 200–207 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar C, McIvor R, Davies T et al. Estrogen administration does not reduce the rate of recurrence of affective psychosis after childbirth. J. Clin. Psychiatry64, 112–118 (2003).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bosanac P, Buist A, Burrows G. Motherhood and schizophrenic illnesses: a review of the literature. Australia and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry37, 24–30 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byrnes E, Byrnes J, Bridges R. Increased sensitivity of dopamine systems following reproductive experiences in rats. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav.68, 481–489 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• Cohen R, Seeman M, Gotowiec A et al. Earlier puberty as a predictor of later onset of schizophrenia in women. Am.J. Psychiatry156, 1059–1064 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen R, Seeman M. Puberty and schizophrenia onset. In: Estrogen Effects in Psychiatric Disorders. Bergemann N, Riecher-Rossler A, (Eds). Springer Wien, NY, USA (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Hochman K, Lewine R. Ages of menarche and schizophrenia onset in women. Schizophrenia Res.69, 183–188 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warner M, Walker A, d’Souza D et al. Lower prolactin bioactivity in unmedicated schizophrenic patients. Psych. Res.102, 249–254 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• Perlman W, Tomaskovic-Crook E, Montague D et al. Alteration in estrogen receptor mRNA levels in frontal cortex and hippocampus of patients with major mental illness. Biol. Psychiatry58, 812–824 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Arato M, Frecska E, Beck C et al. Digit length pattern in schizophrenia suggests disturbed prenatal hemispheric lateralization. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry28, 191–194 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahe V, Dumaine A. Oestrogen withdrawal associated psychoses. Acta Psych. Scand.104, 323–331 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goekoop R, Duschek E, Knol D et al. Raloxifene exposure enhances brain activation during memory performance in healthy elderly males; its possible relevance to behavior. Neuroimage25(1), 63–75 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Craig M, Cutter W, Norbury R et al. Ostrogens, brain function and neuropsychiatric disorders. Curr. Opin. Psychiatry17, 209–214 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Arad M, Weiner I. Loss of latent inhibition in ovariectomized female rats, possible link to the estrogen hypothesis of schizophrenia. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol.16(Suppl. 4), S396 (2006).
   Google Scholar
• McKenna PCLMMBA. Memory in schizophrenia, what is impaired and what is preserved. Neuropsychologia31, 1225–1241 (1993).
   Google Scholar
• Mortimer A. The neuropsychology of schizophrenia. Psychiatry4(10), 26–29 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Hoff A, Kremen W, Wieneke M et al. Association of estrogen levels with neuropsychological performance in women with schizophrenia. Am.J. Psychiatry158, 1134–1139 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson K, Kulkarni J, Sergejew A. Extrapyradmidal symptoms and oestrogen. Acta. Psychiatrica. Scandinavica.101(2), 130–134 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinon B, Gilmore J, Liu H et al. Prevalence of hyperprolactinemia in schizophrenic patients treated with conventional antipsychotic medications or risperidone. Psychoneuroendocrinology28(Suppl. 2), 55–68 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao M, Gross G, Halaris A et al. Hyperdopaminergia in schizophreniform psychosis: a chronobiological study. Psych. Res.47, 187–203 (1993).
   Google Scholar
• Bergemann N, Mundt C, Parzer P et al. Plasma concentrations of estradiol in women suffering from schizophrenia treated with conventional versus atypical antipsychotics. Schizophrenia Res.73, 357–366 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gregory B. The menstrual cycle and its disorders in psychiatric patients: 11. J. Psychosom. Res.2, 199–224 (1957).
   Google Scholar
• Haddad P, Wieck A. Antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinaemia, mechanisms, clinical features and management. Drugs64(20), 2291–2314 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergemann N. Hypooestrogenism in schizophrenic women. Arch. Womens Ment. Health3(Suppl. 2), S154 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• Canuso C, Goldstein J, Wojcik J et al. Antipsychotic medication, prolactin elevation and ovarian function in women with schizophrenia and schizoafffective disorder. Psych. Res.111, 11–20 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergemann N, Mundt C, Parzer P et al. Plasma concentrations of estradiol in women suffering from schizophrenia treated with conventional versus atypical antipsychotics. Schizophrenia Res.73, 357–366 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huber T, Borsutzky M, Schneider U et al. Psychotic disorders and gonadal function: evidence supporting the oestrogen hypothesis. Acta. Psychiatrica. Scandinavica.109, 269–274 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baptista T, Lacruz A, Angeles F et al. Endocrine and metabolic profile in the obesity associated to typical antipsychotic drug-administration. Pharmacopsychiatry34, 223–231 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baptista T, Beaulieu S. The hypothesis of oestrogen withdrawal associated psychoses and the paradox of antipsychotic drug-induced hypoestrogenaemia. Acta. Psychiatrica. Scandinavica.105(6), 473–474 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Rao M, Kolsch H. Effects of estrogen on brain development and neuroprotection – implications for negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Psychoneuroendocrinology28, 83–96 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hafner H. Gender differences in schizophrenia. Psychoneuroendocrinology2, 17–54 (2003).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Felthous A, Robinson D, Conroy R. Prevention of recurrent menstrual psychosis by an oral contraceptive. Am. J. Psychiatry137(2), 245–246 (1980).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Villeneuve A, Cazejust T, Cote M. Estrogens in tardive dyskinesia in male psychiatric patients. Neuropsychobiology6(3), 145–151 (1980).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koller W, Barr A, Biary N. Estrogen treatment of dyskinetic disorders. Neurology32(5), 547–549 (1982).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Connor M, Baker H. Depo-medroxy progesterone acetate as an adjunctive treatment in three aggressive schizophrenic patients. Acta. Psych. Scand.67, 399–403 (1983).
   Google Scholar
• Korhonen S, Saarijarvi S, Aito M. Successful estradiol treatment of psychotic symptoms in the premenstrual phase: a case report. Acta. Psych. Scand.92, 237–238 (1995).
   Google Scholar
• Lindamer L, Lohr J, Harris M, Jeste D. Gender, estrogen and schizophrenia. Psychopharmacol. Bull.33(2), 221–228 (1997).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ahokas A, Aito M, Rimon R. Positive treatment effect of estradiol in postpartum psychosis: a pilot study. J. Clin. Psychiatry61, 166–169 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao D-L, Chen H, Lee S-M et al. Estrogen supplementation for female schizophrenics treated with atypical antipsychotics. Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry24(5), 357–359 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Tunde-Ayinmode M, Singh A, Marsden K. Improved functioning in a woman with schizophrenia on exclusive therapy with oestrogen pills. Australasian Psychiatry10(4), 403–404 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Glazer W, Naftolin F, Morgenstern H. Estrogen replacement and tardive dyskinesia. Psychoneuroendocrinology10(3), 345–350 (1985).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kulkarni J, Riedel A, de Castella A et al. Estrogen – a potential treatment for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Res.48, 137–144 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akhondzadeh S, Nejatisafa A, Amini H et al. Adjunctive estrogen treatment in women with chronic schizophrenia: a double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled trial. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry27, 1007–1012 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergemann N, Mundt C, Parzer P et al. Estrogen as an adjuvant therapy to antipsychotics does not prevent relapse in women suffering from schizophrenia, results of a placebo-controlled double-blind study. Schizophrenia Res.74, 125–134 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chua W, de Izquierdo Santiago A, Kulkarni J, Mortimer A. Estrogen for schizophrenia (review). Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. (4) (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Good K, Kopala L, Martzke J et al. Hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women with schizophrenia: preliminary findings. Schizophrenia Res.12(3), 131 (1999).
   Google Scholar
• Mortimer A. Another triumph of hope over experience?: revisiting. treatment of the patient with long-term schizophrenia. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment11, 227–285 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Buchanan R, Kreyenbuhl J, Zito J, Lehman A. Relationship of the use of adjunctive pharmacological agents to symptoms and level of function in schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatry159(6), 1035–1043 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lerner V, Libov I, Kotler M, Strous R. Combination of atypical antipsychotic medication in the management of treatment resistant schizphrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry28(1), 89–98 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stahl S, Grady M. A critical review of atypical antipsychotic utilization: comparing monotherapy with polypharmacy and augmentation. Current Medicinal Chemistry – Central Nervous System Agents11(3), 313–327 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rossouw J anderson G, Prentice R et al. Risks and benefits of estogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the women's health initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA288(3), 321–333 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brinton R. Requirements of a brain selective estrogen: advances and remaining challenges for developing a neuroSERM. J. Alzheimers Dis.6(Suppl.), S27–S35 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Yaffe K, Krueger K, Cummings S et al. Effect of raloxifene on prevention of dementia and cognitive impairment in older women: the multiple outcomes of raloxifene evaluation (MORE) randomized trail. Am. J. Psychiatry162(4), 683–690 (2006).
   Google Scholar
• Labrie F. Future perspectives of selective estrogen receptor modulators used alone and in combination with DHEA. Endocr. Relat. Cancer13(2), 335–355 (2006).
   Google Scholar
• Mazeh D, Zemishlani H, Barak Y et al. Donezepil for negative signs in schizophrenia: an add-on, double -blind, placebo controlled crossover study. Int. Psychogeriatr.18(3), 429–436 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar