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Expert Review of Clinical Immunology Volume 11, 2015 - Issue 12
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Editorial

Statins and myositis: the role of anti-HMGCR antibodies

Albert Selva-O’CallaghanInternal Medicine Department, Vall D’hebron General Hospital, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainCorrespondence[email protected]
View further author information
,
Marcelo Alvarado-CardenasInternal Medicine Department, Vall D’hebron General Hospital, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainView further author information
,
Ana MarinImmunology Department Vall D’hebron General Hospital, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainView further author information
&
Iago Pinal-FernandezInternal Medicine Department, Vall D’hebron General Hospital, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USAView further author information
Pages 1277-1279 | Published online: 22 Oct 2015

References

  • Statins for millions more?. Lancet. 2014;383:669.
  • Bruckert E, Hayem G, Dejager S, et al. Mild to moderate muscular symptoms with high-dosage statin therapy in hyperlipidemic patients—the PRIMO study. Cardiovascular Drugs Ther. 2005;19:403–414.
  • Mammen AL, Chung T, Christopher-Stine L, et al. Autoantibodies against 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase in patients with statin-associated autoimmune myopathy. Arthritis Rheum. 2011;63:713–721.

** A seminal paper that identifies for the first time the anti-HMGCR antibodies and helps to clarify the disease mechanism and facilitate diagnosis.

  • Mammen AL, Gaudet D, Brisson D, et al. Increased frequency of DRB1*11:01 in anti-hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase-associated autoimmune myopathy. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2012;64:1233–1237.
  • Mohassel P, Mammen AL. The spectrum of statin myopathy. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2013;25:747–752.
  • Musset L, Miyara M, Benveniste O, et al. Analysis of autoantibodies to 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase using different technologies. J Immunol Res. 2014;2014:405956.
  • Drouot L, Allenbach Y, Jouen F, et al. Exploring necrotizing autoimmune myopathies with a novel immunoassay for anti-3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase autoantibodies. Arthritis Res Ther. 2014;16:R39.
  • Labrador-Horrillo M, Martínez MA, Selva-O’Callaghan A, et al. Identification of a novel myositis-associated antibody directed against cortactin. Autoimmun Rev. 2014;13:1008–1012.
  • Mammen AL, Pak K, Williams EK, et al. Rarity of anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase antibodies in statin users, including those with self-limited musculoskeletal side effects. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2012;64:269–272.
  • Hoshino K, Muro Y, Sugiura K, et al. Anti-MDA5 and anti-TIF1-gamma antibodies have clinical significance for patients with dermatomyositis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2010;49:1726–1733.
  • Allenbach Y, Drouot L, Rigolet A, et al. Anti-HMGCR autoantibodies in European patients with autoimmune necrotizing myopathies: inconstant exposure to statin. Medicine (Baltimore). 2014;93:150–157.
  • Watanabe Y, Suzuki S, Nishimura H, et al. Statins and myotoxic effects associated with anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase autoantibodies: an observational study in Japan. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015;94:e416.
  • Limaye V, Bundell C, Hollingsworth P, et al. Clinical and genetic associations of autoantibodies to 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme a reductase in patients with immune-mediated myositis and necrotizing myopathy. Muscle Nerve. 2015;52:196–203.
  • Ramanathan S, Langguth D, Hardy TA, et al. Clinical course and treatment of anti-HMGCR antibody-associated necrotizing autoimmune myopathy. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2015;2:e96.
  • Chung T, Christopher-Stine L, Paik JJ, et al. The composition of cellular infiltrates in anti-HMG-CoA reductase-associated myopathy. Muscle Nerve. 2015;52:189–195.

* The authors characterized the cellular infiltrates in muscle biopsies from patients with immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy and anti-HMGCR antibodies.

  • Werner JL, Christopher-Stine L, Ghazarian SR, et al. Antibody levels correlate with creatine kinase levels and strength in anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase-associated autoimmune myopathy. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64:4087–4093.

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