The evolution of our understanding of macrophages and translation of findings toward the clinic

References

• Davies LC, Jenkins SJ, Allen JE, Taylor PR. Tissue-resident macrophages. Nat Immunol 2013;14(10):986-95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ginhoux F, Jung S. Monocytes and macrophages: developmental pathways and tissue homeostasis. Nat Rev Immunol 2014;14(6):392-404
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor PR, Martinez-Pomares L, Stacey M, et al. Macrophage receptors and immune recognition. Annu Rev Immunol 2005;23:901-44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roos D, de Boer M. Molecular diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease. Clin Exp Immunol 2014;175(2):139-49
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bogunovic D, Byun M, Durfee LA, et al. Mycobacterial disease and impaired IFN-gamma immunity in humans with inherited ISG15 deficiency. Science 2012;337(6102):1684-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feldmann M, Brennan FM, Williams RO, et al. The transfer of a laboratory based hypothesis to a clinically useful therapy: the development of anti-TNF therapy of rheumatoid arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2004;18(1):59-80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hume DA, MacDonald KP. Therapeutic applications of macrophage colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and antagonists of CSF-1 receptor (CSF-1R) signaling. Blood 2012;119(8):1810-20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elmore MR, Najafi AR, Koike MA, et al. Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor signaling is necessary for microglia viability, unmasking a microglia progenitor cell in the adult brain. Neuron 2014;82(2):380-97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muller PA, Koscso B, Rajani GM, et al. Crosstalk between muscularis macrophages and enteric neurons regulates gastrointestinal motility. Cell 2014;158(2):300-13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ries CH, Cannarile MA, Hoves S, et al. Targeting tumor-associated macrophages with anti-CSF-1R antibody reveals a strategy for cancer therapy. Cancer Cell 2014;25(6):846-59
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gow DJ, Sauter KA, Pridans C, et al. Characterisation of a Novel Fc Conjugate of Macrophage Colony-stimulating Factor. Mol Ther 2014;22(9):1580-92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arellano M, Lonial S. Clinical uses of GM-CSF, a critical appraisal and update. Biologics 2008;2(1):13-27
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mantovani A, Vecchi A, Allavena P. Pharmacological modulation of monocytes and macrophages. Curr Opin Pharmacol 17C:38-44
   Google Scholar
• Horuk R, Proudfoot AE. Drug discovery targeting the chemokine system–where are we? Front Biosci (Elite Ed) 2009;1:209-19
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jardine L, Barge D, Ames-Draycott A, et al. Rapid detection of dendritic cell and monocyte disorders using CD4 as a lineage marker of the human peripheral blood antigen-presenting cell compartment. Front Immunol 2013;4:495
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Segota E, Bukowski RM. The promise of targeted therapy: cancer drugs become more specific. Cleve Clin J Med 2004;71(7):551-60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aflaki E, Stubblefield BK, Maniwang E, et al. Macrophage models of Gaucher disease for evaluating disease pathogenesis and candidate drugs. Sci Transl Med 2014;6(240):240ra73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neyen C, Pluddemann A, Mukhopadhyay S, et al. Macrophage scavenger receptor a promotes tumor progression in murine models of ovarian and pancreatic cancer. J Immunol 2013;190(7):3798-805
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mulder WJ, Jaffer FA, Fayad ZA, et al. Imaging and nanomedicine in inflammatory atherosclerosis. Sci Transl Med 2014;6(239):239sr1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saas P, Kaminski S, Perruche S. Prospects of apoptotic cell-based therapies for transplantation and inflammatory diseases. Immunotherapy 2013;5(10):1055-73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mevorach D, Zuckerman T, Reiner I, et al. Single infusion of donor mononuclear early apoptotic cells as prophylaxis for graft-versus-host disease in myeloablative HLA-matched allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: a phase I/IIa clinical trial. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2014;20(1):58-65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jemielity S, Wang JJ, Chan YK, et al. TIM-family proteins promote infection of multiple enveloped viruses through virion-associated phosphatidylserine. PLos Pathog 2013;9(3):e1003232
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whang JA, Chang BY. Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Drug Discov Today 2014;19(8):1200-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Needham LA, Davidson AH, Bawden LJ, et al. Drug targeting to monocytes and macrophages using esterase-sensitive chemical motifs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2011;339(1):132-42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newton K, Dixit VM. Signaling in innate immunity and inflammation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 4(3):a006049
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huynh KK, Joshi SA, Brown EJ. A delicate dance: host response to mycobacteria. Curr Opin Immunol 2011;23(4):464-72
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez FO, Helming L, Milde R, et al. Genetic programs expressed in resting and IL-4 alternatively activated mouse and human macrophages: similarities and differences. Blood 2013;121(9):e57-69
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawrence T, Natoli G. Transcriptional regulation of macrophage polarization: enabling diversity with identity. Nat Rev Immunol 2011;11(11):750-61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaikkonen MU, Spann NJ, Heinz S, et al. Remodeling of the enhancer landscape during macrophage activation is coupled to enhancer transcription. Mol Cell 2013;51(3):310-25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Squadrito ML, Etzrodt M, De Palma M, et al. MicroRNA-mediated control of macrophages and its implications for cancer. Trends Immunol 2013;34(7):350-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ivashkiv LB. Epigenetic regulation of macrophage polarization and function. Trends Immunol 2013;34(5):216-23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng SC, Quintin J, Cramer RA, et al. mTOR- and HIF-1alpha-mediated aerobic glycolysis as metabolic basis for trained immunity. Science 2014;345(6204):1250684
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saeed S, Quintin J, Kerstens HH, et al. Epigenetic programming of monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and trained innate immunity. Science 2014;345(6204):1251086
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dinarello CA, van der Meer JW. Treating inflammation by blocking interleukin-1 in humans. Semin Immunol 2013;25(6):469-84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandhaus RA, Stocks J, Rouhani FN, et al. Biochemical efficacy and safety of a new, ready-to-use, liquid alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor, GLASSIA (alpha1-proteinase inhibitor (human), intravenous). Copd 2014;11(1):17-25
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Biswas SK, Mantovani A. Orchestration of metabolism by macrophages. Cell Metab 2012;15(4):432-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiu Y, Nguyen KD, Odegaard JI, et al. Eosinophils and type 2 cytokine signaling in macrophages orchestrate development of functional beige fat. Cell 2014;157(6):1292-308
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ganz T. Systemic iron homeostasis. Physiol Rev 2013;93(4):1721-41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brines M, Cerami A. Erythropoietin and engineered innate repair activators. Methods Mol Biol 2013;982:1-11
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Martinez V, Castilla-Lievre MA, Guillet-Caruba C, et al. (18)F-FDG PET/CT in tuberculosis: an early non-invasive marker of therapeutic response. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012;16(9):1180-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trapani A, Palazzo C, de Candia M, et al. Targeting of the translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO): a valuable approach for nuclear and optical imaging of activated microglia. Bioconjug Chem 2013;24(9):1415-28
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McAteer MA, Mankia K, Ruparelia N, et al. A leukocyte-mimetic magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent homes rapidly to activated endothelium and tracks with atherosclerotic lesion macrophage content. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012;32(6):1427-35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miron VE. Dissecting the damaging versus regenerative roles of CNS macrophages: implications for the use of immunomodulatory therapeutics. Regen Med 2013;8(6):673-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biermann MH, Veissi S, Maueroder C, et al. The role of dead cell clearance in the etiology and pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus: dendritic cells as potential targets. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014;10(9):1151-64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hennel R, Brix N, Seidl K, et al. Release of monocyte migration signals by breast cancer cell lines after ablative and fractionated gamma-irradiation. Radiat Oncol 2014;9(1):85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wijagkanalan W, Kawakami S, Higuchi Y, et al. Intratracheally instilled mannosylated cationic liposome/NFkappaB decoy complexes for effective prevention of LPS-induced lung inflammation. J Control Release 2011;149(1):42-50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khati M. The future of aptamers in medicine. J Clin Pathol 2010;63(6):480-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Sousa Mda G, Belda WJr, Spina R, et al. Topical application of imiquimod as a treatment for chromoblastomycosis. Clin Infect Dis 2014;12):1734-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang Z, Grinchuk V, Urban JFJr, et al. Macrophages as IL-25/IL-33-responsive cells play an important role in the induction of type 2 immunity. PLos One 2013;8(3):e59441
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ge S, Hertel B, Susnik N, et al. Interleukin 17 receptor A modulates monocyte subsets and macrophage generation in vivo. PLoS One 2014;9(1):e85461
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamkanfi M, Dixit VM. Mechanisms and functions of inflammasomes. Cell 2014;157(5):1013-22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He L, Marneros AG. Doxycycline inhibits polarization of macrophages to the proangiogenic M2-type and subsequent neovascularization. J Biol Chem 2014;289(12):8019-28
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McSweeney SJ, Hadoke PW, Kozak AM, et al. Improved heart function follows enhanced inflammatory cell recruitment and angiogenesis in 11betaHSD1-deficient mice post-MI. Cardiovasc Res 2010;88(1):159-67
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frangogiannis NG. The inflammatory response in myocardial injury, repair, and remodelling. Nat Rev Cardiol 2014;11(5):255-65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oldstone MB, Rosen H. Cytokine storm plays a direct role in the morbidity and mortality from influenza virus infection and is chemically treatable with a single sphingosine-1-phosphate agonist molecule. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2014;378:129-47
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hurley JC. Towards clinical applications of anti-endotoxin antibodies; a re-appraisal of the disconnect. Toxins (Basel) 2013;5(12):2589-620
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pulido D, Nogues MV, Boix E, et al. Lipopolysaccharide neutralization by antimicrobial peptides: a gambit in the innate host defense strategy. J Innate Immun 2012;4(4):327-36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tashiro Y, Sato K, Watanabe T, et al. A glucagon-like peptide-1 analog liraglutide suppresses macrophage foam cell formation and atherosclerosis. Peptides 2014;54:19-26
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooray SN, Gobbetti T, Montero-Melendez T, et al. Ligand-specific conformational change of the G-protein-coupled receptor ALX/FPR2 determines proresolving functional responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2013;110(45):18232-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cash JL, Norling LV, Perretti M. Resolution of inflammation: targeting GPCRs that interact with lipids and peptides. Drug Discov Today 2014;19(8):1186-92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vinh DC, Behr MA. Crohn’s as an immune deficiency: from apparent paradox to evolving paradigm. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2013;9(1):17-30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dartois V. The path of anti-tuberculosis drugs: from blood to lesions to mycobacterial cells. Nat Rev Microbiol 2014;12(3):159-67
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guirado E, Schlesinger LS, Kaplan G. Macrophages in tuberculosis: friend or foe. Semin Immunopathol 2013;35(5):563-83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tobin DM, Roca FJ, Oh SF, et al. Host genotype-specific therapies can optimize the inflammatory response to mycobacterial infections. Cell 2012;148(3):434-46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ito T, Ando H, Suzuki T, et al. Identification of a primary target of thalidomide teratogenicity. Science 2010;327(5971):1345-50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu G, Middleton RE, Sun H, et al. The myeloma drug lenalidomide promotes the cereblon-dependent destruction of Ikaros proteins. Science 2014;343(6168):305-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tseng D, Volkmer JP, Willingham SB, et al. Anti-CD47 antibody-mediated phagocytosis of cancer by macrophages primes an effective antitumor T-cell response. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2013;110(27):11103-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mouchemore KA, Sampaio NG, Murrey MW, et al. Specific inhibition of PI3K p110delta inhibits CSF-1-induced macrophage spreading and invasive capacity. FEBS J 2013;280(21):5228-36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Ma CJ, Wang JM, et al. Tim-3 regulates pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression in human CD14+ monocytes. J Leukoc Biol 2012;91(2):189-96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies JQ, Lin HH, Stacey M, et al. Leukocyte adhesion-GPCR EMR2 is aberrantly expressed in human breast carcinomas and is associated with patient survival. Oncol Rep 2011;25(3):619-27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fox DJ, Reckless J, Lingard H, et al. Highly potent, orally available anti-inflammatory broad-spectrum chemokine inhibitors. J Med Chem 2009;52(11):3591-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy ST, Navab M, Anantharamaiah GM, et al. Apolipoprotein A-I mimetics. Curr Opin Lipidol 2014;25(4):304-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bodin K, Ellmerich S, Kahan MC, et al. Antibodies to human serum amyloid P component eliminate visceral amyloid deposits. Nature 2010;468(7320):93-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schafer DP, Lehrman EK, Kautzman AG, et al. Microglia sculpt postnatal neural circuits in an activity and complement-dependent manner. Neuron 2012;74(4):691-705
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miron VE, Franklin RJ. Macrophages and CNS remyelination. J Neurochem 2014;130(2):165-71
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen HB, Mosser DM. Extrinsic and intrinsic control of macrophage inflammatory responses. J Leukoc Biol 2013;94(5):913-19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz M, Baruch K. Breaking peripheral immune tolerance to CNS antigens in neurodegenerative diseases: Boosting autoimmunity to fight-off chronic neuroinflammation. J Autoimmun. [Epub ahead of print]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar