362
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Editorial

Antimicrobial peptides: ancient molecules as modern therapeutics?

Pages 1-5 | Published online: 10 Jan 2014

References

  • Boman HG. Antibacterial peptides: basic facts and emerging concepts. J. Intern. Med.254, 197–215 (2003).
  • Zasloff M. Magainins, a class of antimicrobial peptides from Xenopus skin: isolation, characterization of two active forms, and partial cDNA sequence of a precursor. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA84, 5449–5453 (1987).
  • Oppenheim JJ, Yang D. Alarmins: chemotactic activators of immune responses. Curr. Opin. Immunol.17, 359–365 (2005).
  • Harder J, Gläser R, Schröder JM. The role and potential therapeutical applications of antimicrobial proteins in infectious and inflammatory diseases. Endocr. Metab. Immune Disord. Drug Targets7, 75–82 (2007).
  • Chung WO, Dale BA. Innate immune response of oral and foreskin keratinocytes: utilization of different signaling pathways by various bacterial species. Infect. Immun.72, 352–358 (2004).
  • Harder J, Schröder JM. Psoriatic scales: a promising source for the isolation of human skin-derived antimicrobial proteins. J. Leukoc. Biol.77, 476–486 (2005).
  • Henseler T, Christophers E. Disease concomitance in psoriasis. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol.32, 982–986 (1995).
  • de Jongh GJ, Zeeuwen PL, Kucharekova M et al. High expression levels of keratinocyte antimicrobial proteins in psoriasis compared with atopic dermatitis. J. Invest. Dermatol.125, 1163–1173 (2005).
  • Nomura I, Goleva E, Howell MD et al. Cytokine milieu of atopic dermatitis, as compared to psoriasis, skin prevents induction of innate immune response genes. J. Immunol.171, 3262–3269 (2003).
  • Ong PY, Ohtake T, Brandt C et al. Endogenous antimicrobial peptides and skin infections in atopic dermatitis. N. Engl. J. Med.347, 1151–1160 (2002).
  • Boguniewicz M, Leung DY. 10. Atopic dermatitis.J. Allergy. Clin. Immunol.117, S475–S480 (2006).
  • Hollox EJ, Armour JA, Barber JC. Extensive normal copy number variation of a β-defensin antimicrobial-gene cluster. Am. J. Hum. Genet.73, 591–600 (2003).
  • Aldred PM, Hollox EJ, Armour JA. Copy number polymorphism and expression level variation of the human α-defensin genes DEFA1 and DEFA3. Hum. Mol. Genet.14, 2045–2052 (2005).
  • Fellermann K, Stange DE, Schaeffeler E et al. A chromosome 8 gene-cluster polymorphism with low human β-defensin 2 gene copy number predisposes to Crohn disease of the colon. Am. J. Hum. Genet.79, 439–448 (2006).
  • Hollox EJ, Huffmeier U, Zeeuwen PL et al. Psoriasis is associated with increased β-defensin genomic copy number. Nat. Genet.40(1), 23–25 (2007).
  • Yamasaki K, Schauber J, Coda A et al. Kallikrein-mediated proteolysis regulates the antimicrobial effects of cathelicidins in skin. FASEB J.20, 2068–2080 (2006).
  • Butmarc J, Yufit T, Carson P et al. Human β-defensin-2 expression is increased in chronic wounds. Wound Repair Regen.12, 439–443 (2004).
  • Dorschner RA, Pestonjamasp VK, Tamakuwala S et al. Cutaneous injury induces the release of cathelicidin anti-microbial peptides active against group A Streptococcus. J. Invest. Dermatol.117, 91–97 (2001).
  • Lee KC, Eckert RL. S100A7 (Psoriasin) – mechanism of antibacterial action in wounds. J. Invest. Dermatol.127, 945–957 (2007).
  • Sorensen OE, Thapa DR, Roupe KM et al. Injury-induced innate immune response in human skin mediated by transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. J. Clin. Invest.116, 1878–1885 (2006).
  • Bhat S, Milner S. Antimicrobial peptides in burns and wounds. Curr. Protein Pept. Sci.8, 506–520 (2007).
  • Jacobsen F, Mittler D, Hirsch T et al. Transient cutaneous adenoviral gene therapy with human host defense peptide hCAP-18/LL-37 is effective for the treatment of burn wound infections. Gene Ther.12, 1494–1502 (2005).
  • Heilborn JD, Nilsson MF, Kratz G et al. The cathelicidin anti-microbial peptide LL-37 is involved in re-epithelialization of human skin wounds and is lacking in chronic ulcer epithelium. J. Invest. Dermatol.120, 379–389 (2003).
  • Salzman NH, Ghosh D, Huttner KM et al. Protection against enteric salmonellosis in transgenic mice expressing a human intestinal defensin. Nature422, 522–526 (2003).
  • Bals R, Weiner DJ, Meegalla RL et al. Transfer of a cathelicidin peptide antibiotic gene restores bacterial killing in a cystic fibrosis xenograft model. J. Clin. Invest.103, 1113–1117 (1999).
  • Lee PH, Ohtake T, Zaiou M et al. Expression of an additional cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide protects against bacterial skin infection. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA102, 3750–3755 (2005).
  • Carretero M, Del Rio M, Garcia M et al. A cutaneous gene therapy approach to treat infection through keratinocyte-targeted overexpression of antimicrobial peptides. FASEB J.18, 1931–1933 (2004).
  • Huang GT, Zhang HB, Kim D et al. A model for antimicrobial gene therapy: demonstration of human β-defensin 2 antimicrobial activities in vivo.Hum. Gene Ther.13, 2017–2025 (2002).
  • Smiley AK, Gardner J, Klingenberg JM et al. Expression of human β defensin 4 in genetically modified keratinocytes enhances antimicrobial activity. J. Burn Care Res.28, 127–132 (2007).
  • Zasloff M. Antimicrobial peptides of multicellular organisms. Nature415, 389–395 (2002).
  • Peschel A, Sahl HG. The co-evolution of host cationic antimicrobial peptides and microbial resistance. Nat. Rev. Microbiol.4, 529–536 (2006).
  • Zhang H, Porro G, Orzech N et al. Neutrophil defensins mediate acute inflammatory response and lung dysfunction in dose-related fashion. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.280, L947–L954 (2001).
  • Wehkamp J, Harder J, Wehkamp K et al. NF-κB- and AP-1-mediated induction of human β defensin-2 in intestinal epithelial cells by Escherichia coli Nissle 1917: a novel effect of a probiotic bacterium. Infect. Immun.72, 5750–5758 (2004).
  • Raqib R, Sarker P, Bergman P et al. From the cover: improved outcome in shigellosis associated with butyrate induction of an endogenous peptide antibiotic. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA103, 9178–9183 (2006).

Websites

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.