References
- Mohney G. Eyelifts-fine line between cosmetic and therapeutic. ABC News. Available from: http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/health/2013/05/31/eye-lifts-fine-line-between-cosmetic-and-therapeutic/
- Whipple KM, Lim LH, Korn BS, et al. Blepharoplasty complications: prevention and management. Clin Plast Surg 2013;40:213-24
- Lowry J, Bartley G. Complications of blepharoplasty. Surv Ophthalmol 1994;38(4):327
- Ennis WJ, Sui A, Bartholomew A. Stem cells and healing: impact on inflammation. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2013;2(7):369-78
- Baron TH, Kamath PS, McBane RD. Management of antithrombotic therapy in patients undergoing invasive procedures. N Engl J Med 2013;368:2113-24
- Kent TL, Custer PL. Bleeding complications in both anticoagulated and nonanticoagulated surgical patients. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2013;29:113-17
- Carraway J, Mellow C. The prevention and treatment of lower lid ectropion following blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 1990;85(6):971
- Lisman R, Hyde K, Smith B. Complications of blepharoplasty. Clin Plast Surg 1998;15:309
- Hornblass A. Ptosis and pseudoptosis and blepharoplasty. Clin Plast Surg 1981;8:811
- Leone C, Glover T. Management of the blepharoplasty patient with ptosis. Ophthalmic Surg 1988;19:515
- McLeish W, Anderson R. Cosmetic eyelid surgery and the problem eyelid. Clin Plast Surg 1992;19:357
- Millay D, Larrabee W. Ptosis and blepharoplasty surgery. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1989;115:198
- Patipa M, Wilkins R. Acquired ptosis in patients undergoing upper eyelid blepharoplasty. Ann Ophthalmol 1984;16:266
- Wilkins R, Patipa M. The recognition of acquired ptosis in patients considered for upper-eyelid blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 1982;70:431
- Lim JM, Hou JH, Singa RM, et al. Relative incidence of blepharoptosis subtypes in an oculoplastics practice at a tertiary care center. Orbit 2013;32(4):231-4
- Morax S, Touitou V. Complications of blepharoplasty. Orbit 2006;25:303-18
- Adams B, Fuerstein S. Complications of blepharoplasty. Ear Nose Throat J 1986;65:11
- Neuhaus R. Complications of blepharoplasty. Am Acad Ophthalmol Focal Points 1990;8(3):1
- Tenzel R. Complications of blepharoplasty: orbital hematoma, ectropion, and scleral show. Clin Plast Surg 1981;8:797
- Tenzel R. Surgical Treatment of complications of cosmetic blepharoplasty. Clin Plast Surg 1978;5:517
- McGraw B, Adamson P. Postblepharoplasty ectropion. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1991;117:852
- Palmer F, Rice D, Churukian M. Transconjunctival blepharoplasty Complications and their avoidance: a retrospective analysis and review of the literature. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1993;199:993
- Amato M, Blaydon S, Douglas R. Reduce scarring with 5-fu, clinical update in oculoplastics. EyeNet Available from: www.aao.org/publications/eyenet/201106/upload/CUplastic-June-2011.pdf [Last accessed 13 March 14]
- Goldberg RA, Lee S, Jayasundera T, et al. Treatment of lower eyelid retraction by expansion of the lower eyelid with hyaluronic acid gel. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2007;23(5):343-8
- Sahai A, Malik P. Dry eye: prevalence and attributable risk factors in a hospital-based population. Indian J Ophthalmol 2005;53(2):87-91
- Saadat D, Dresner S. Safety of blepharoplasty in patients with preoperative dry eyes. Arch Facial Plast Surg 2004;6(2):101-4
- Lee H, Park M, Lee J, et al. Histopathologic findings of the orbicularis oculi in upper eyelid aging: total or minimal excision of orbicularis oculi in upper blepharoplasty. Arch Facial Plast Surg 2012;14:253-7
- Smith B, Lisman RD. Dacryoadenopexy as a recognized factor in upper lid blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 1983;71:629-32
- Korn BS, Kikkawa DO, Schanzlin DJ. Blepharoplasty in the post-laser in situ keratomileusis patient: preoperative considerations to avoid dry eye syndrome. Plast Reconstr Surg 2007;119(7):2232-9
- Cheng J, Lu D. Prelimbal needle manipulation of conjunctival chemosis after cosmetic lower eyelid blepharoplasty. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2007;23(2):167
- Thakker M, Tarbet K, Sires B. Postoperative chemosis after cosmetic eyelid surgery. Arch Facial Plast Surg 2005;7:185-8
- McCord CD, Kreymerman P, Nahai F, Walrath JD. Management of postblepharoplasty chemosis. Aesthet Surg J 2013;33(5):654-61
- Berman W, Monell C. Complications in blepharoplasties and face lift operations. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 1974;7:87
- DeMere M, Wood T, Austin W. Eye complications with blepharoplasty or other eyelid surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 1974;53:634
- Hass A, Penne R, Stefanyszyn M, Flanagan J. Incidence of postblepharoplasty orbital hemorrhage and associated visual loss. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2004;20(6):426
- Anderson L. A perplexing intra-operative complication case study: retrobulbar hemorrhage during blepharoplasty. Plast Surg Nurs 2001;21(1):35
- Teng C, Reddy S, Wong J, Lisman R. Retrobulbar hemorrhage nine days after cosmetic blepharoplasty resulting in permanent visual loss. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2006;22(5):388
- Wolfort F, Vaughan T, Wolfort S, Nevarre D. Retrobulbar hematoma and blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 1999;104(7):2154
- Rohrich R, Coberly D, Fagien S, Stuzin J. Current concepts in aesthetic upper blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 2004;113(3):32e-42e
- Kelly P, May D. Central retinal artery occlusion following cosmetic blepharoplasty. Br J Ophthalmol 1980;64:918
- Hartley J, Lester H, Schatten W. Acute retrobulbar hemorrhage during elective blepharoplasty. Its pathophysiology and management. Plast Reconstr Surg 1973;52:8
- Castillo G. Management of blindness in the practice of cosmetic surgery. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1989;100:559
- Jafek B, Kreiger A, Morledge D. Blindness following blepharoplasty. Arch Otolaryngol 1973;98:366
- Strasior O. Blindness associated with cosmetic blepharoplasty. Clin Plast Surg 1981;8:793
- Harley D, Nelson LB, Flanagan JC, et al. Ocular motility disturbances following cosmetic blepharoplasty. Arch Ophthalmol 1986;104(4):542-4
- Ghabrial R, Lisman RD, Kane MA, et al. Diplopia following transconjunctival blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 1998;102:1219
- Hayworth R, Lisman RD, Muchnick RS, Smith B. Diplopia following blepharoplasty. Ann Ophthalmol 1984;16:448
- Neely K, Ernest J, Mottier M. Combined superior oblique paresis and brown’s syndrome after blepharoplasty. Am J Ophthalmol 1990;109:347
- Wesley R, Pollard Z, McCord C. Superior oblique paresis after blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 1980;283
- Mazow M, Avilla C, Morales H. Restrictive horizontal strabismus following blepharoplasty. Am J Ophthalmol 2006;141(4):773
- Syniuta A, Goldberg RA, Thacker NM, Rosenbaum AL. Acquired strabismus following cosmetic blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 2003;111(6):2053
- Wride N, Sanders R. Blindness from acute angle-closure glaucoma after blepharoplasty. Ophthalmol Plast Reconstr Surg 2004;20(6):476
- Carter S, Stewart JM, Khan J, et al. Infection after blepharoplasty with and without carbon dioxide laser resurfacing. Ophthalmology 2003;110(7):1430
- Suner I, Meldrum ML, Johnson TE, Tse DT. Necrotizing fasciitis after cosmetic blepharoplasty. Am J Ophthalmol 1999;128(3):367
- Chiu E, Capell BC, Press R, et al. Successful management of orbital cellulitis and temporary visual loss after blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 2006;118(3):67e
- Tovilla-Canales J, Nava A, Tovilla Y, Pomar J. Orbital and periorbital infections. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2001;12:335
- Laloyaux P, Vanpee D, Gillet J. Orbital cellulitis with abscess formation caused by frontal sinusitis. J Emerg Med 2000;18:253
- Zachariades N, Vairaktaris E, Papavassiliou D, et al. The superior orbital fissure syndrome. J Maxillofac Surg 1985;13:125
- Morgan S. Orbital cellulitis and blindness following a blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 1979;64:823
- Allen M, Cohen K, Grimson B. Orbital cellulitis secondary to dacrocystitis following blepharoplasty. Ann Ophthalmol 1985;17:498
- Goldberg R, Li T. Postoperative infection with group a β-hemolytic streptococcus after blepharoplasty. Am J Ophthalmol 2002;134(6):908
- Jordan D, Mawn L, Marshall D. Necrotizing fasciitis caused by group a β-hemolytic streptococcus infection after laser blepharoplasty. Am J Ophthalmol 1998;125(2):265
- Ray A, Bressler K, Davis RE, et al. Cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis: a devastating complication of blepharoplasty. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1997;123:633
- Rees T, Craig S, Fisher Y. Orbital abscess following blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 1984;73(1):126
- Chen S, Wang CH, Chen HC, et al. Upper eyelid mycobacterial infection following oriental blepharoplasty in a pulmonary tuberculosis patient. Aesth Plast Surg 2001;25:295
- Kevitch R, Guyuron B. Mycobacterial infection following blepharoplasty. Aesth Plast Surg 1991;15:229
- Gonzales-Fernandez F, Kaltreider S. Orbital lipogranulomatous inflammation harboring Mycobacterium abscessus. Ophthalmol Plast Reconstr Surg 2001;17:374
- Yang J, Kim Y. A case of primary lid tuberculosis after upper lid blepharoplasty. Korean J Ophthalmol 2004;18:190
- Moorthy R, Rao N. Atypical mycobacterial wound infection after blepharoplasty. Br J Ophthalmol 1995;79:93
- Chang W, Tse D, Rosa R. Periocular atypical mycobacterial infections. Ophthalmology 1999;106:86
- Smith B, Nesi FA. The complications of cosmetic blepharoplasty. Ophthalmology 1978;85:726
- Tenzel R. Cosmetic blepharoplasty. Int Ophthalmol Clin 1978;18:87
- Wolfley D. Blepharoplasty: the ophthalmologist’s view. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 1980;13:237
- Castanares S. Complications in blepharoplasty. Clin Plast Surg 1978;5(1):139
- Ennis WJ, Sui A, Bartholomew A. Stem cells and healing: impact on inflammation. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2013;2(7):369-78
- Medhi B, Sewal RK, Kaman L, et al. Efficacy and safety of an advanced formula silicone gel for prevention of post-operative scars. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2013;3:157-67
- Popp J. Complications of blepharoplasty and their management. J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1992;18:1122-6
- Alfonso E, Levada A, Flynn J. Inferior rectus paresis after secondary blepharoplasty. Br J Ophthalmol 1984;68:535
- Aronsohn R. Subcuticular closure in lower blepharoplasty. Eye Ear Nose Throat Mon 1972;51:143
- Crikelair GF. Skin suture marks. Am J Surg 1958;96:631-9
- Svider PF, Blake DM, Husain Q, et al. In the eyes of the law: malpractice litigation in oculoplastic surgery. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2014;30(2):119-23