Transdermal oxybutynin: topical therapy for overactive bladder syndrome

References

• Irwin DE, Milsom I, Hunskaar S et al. Population-based survey of urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, and other lower urinary tract symptoms in five countries: results of the EPIC study. Eur. Urol.50(6), 1306–1314 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horrocks S, Somerset M, Stoddart H, Peters TJ. What prevents older people from seeking treatment for urinary incontinence? A qualitative exploration of barriers to the use of community continence services. Fam. Pract.21(6) 689–696 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaw C, Tansey R, Jackson C, Hyde C, Allan R. Barriers to help seeking in people with urinary symptoms. Fam. Pract.18(1), 48–52 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diokno AC, Burgio K, Fultz NH, Kinchen KS, Obenchain R, Bump RC. Medical and self-care practices reported by women with urinary incontinence. Am. J. Manag. Care10, 69–78 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallace SA, Roe B, Williams K, Palmer M. Bladder training for urinary incontinence in adults. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.1, CD001308 (2004).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jarvis GJ, Millar DR. Controlled trial of bladder drill for detrusor instability. BMJ281(6251), 1322–1323 (1980).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Borrie MJ, Bawden M, Speechley M et al. Interventions led by nurse continence advisers in the management of urinary incontinence: a randomized controlled trial. CMAJ166(10), 1267–1273 (2002).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Collaborating Centre for Women and Children’s Health Urinary Incontinence in Women. NICE Clinical Guideline 40. NICE, London, UK (2006).
   Google Scholar
• Burgio K, Locher JL, Goode PS. Combined behavioural and drug therapy for urgency incontinence in older women. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc.48, 370–374 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapple CR, Rechberger T, Al-Shukri S et al. Randomized, double-blind placebo- and tolterodine-controlled trial of the once-daily antimuscarinic agent solifenacin in patients with symptomatic overactive bladder. BJU Int.93(3), 303–310 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foote J, Glavind K, Kralidis G, Wyndaele JJ. Treatment of overactive bladder in the older patient: pooled analysis of three Phase III studies of darifenacin, an M3 selective receptor antagonist. Eur. Urol.48, 471–477 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapple CR, Yamanishi T, Chess-Williams R. Muscarinic receptor subtypes and management of the overactive bladder. Urology60(5 Suppl. 1), 82–88 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Yoshimura N.Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and bladder afferent activity. Neurourol. Urodyn.6(Suppl.), 908–913 (2007).
   Google Scholar
• Kelleher CJ, Cardozo LD, Khullar V, Salvatore S. A medium-term analysis of the subjective efficacy of treatment for women with detrusor instability and low bladder compliance. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol.104, 988–993 (1997).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bang LM, Easthope SE, Perry CM. Transdermal oxybutynin: for overactive bladder. Drugs Aging20(11), 857–864 (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Davila GW, Daugherty CA, Sanders SW; Transdermal Oxybutynin Study Group. A short-term, multicentre, randomized double-blind dose titration study of the efficacy and anticholinergic side effects of transdermal compared to immediate release oral oxybutynin treatment of patients with urgency urinary incontinence. J. Urol.166(1), 150–151 (2001).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zobrist RH, Quan D, Thomas HM, Stanworth S, Sanders SW. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of transdermal oxybutynin: in vitro and in vivo performance of a novel delivery system. Pharm. Res.20(1), 103–109 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mizushima H, Inoue K, Ishizuka H. The effects of external heating on the permeation of oxybutynin through human epidermal membrane. Biol. Pharm. Bull.30(3), 612–615 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Appell RA, Chancellor MB, Zobrist RH, Thomas H, Sanders SW. Pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and saliva output during transdermal and extended-release oral oxybutynin administration in healthy subjects. Mayo Clin. Proc.78, 696–702 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dmochowski RR, Nitti V, Staskin D, Luber K, Appell R, Davila GW. Transdermal oxybutynin in the treatment of adults with overactive bladder: combined results of two randomized clinical trials. World J. Urol.23(4), 263–270 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dmochowski RR, Davila GW, Zinner NR et al. Efficacy and safety of transdermaloxybutynin in patients with urgency and mixed urinary incontinence. J. Urol.168, 580–586 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dmochowski RR, Sand PK, Zinner NR et al. Comparative efficacy and safety of transdermal oxybutynin and oral tolterodine versus placebo in previously treated patients with urgency and mixed urinary incontinence. Urology62(2), 237–242 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davila GW, Dmochowski RR, Sanders SW. Influence of age on improvements in overactive bladder symptoms and adverse events during oxybutynin transdermal system treatments. Proceedings of the 56th American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Conference. S163, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 4–8 May 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Dmochowski RR, Davila GW, Sanders SW. Anticholinergic and other adverse events with transdermal oxybutynin for overactive bladder in patients >70 years. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc.50, 539 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Newman DK. Patient perceptions on new therapeutic options for the control of overactive bladder. Proceedings of the Society of Urologic Nurses and Associates Annual Conference. San Antonio, TX, USA, 26 March 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Sand P, Zinner N, Newman D et al. Oxybutynin transdermal system improves the quality of life in adults with overactive bladder: a multicentre, community-based, randomized study. BJU Int.99(4), 836–844 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srikrishna S, Robinson D, Cardozo L, Vellan M. OAB: are we giving women what they want? Neurourol. Urodyn.26, 651–652 (2007).
   Google Scholar
• Napier C, Gupta P. Darifenacin is selective for the human recombinant M3 receptor subtype. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society. Heidelberg, Germany, 2002 (Abstract 445).
   Google Scholar
• Ikeda K, Kobayashi S, Suzuki M et al. M3 receptor antagonism by the novel antimuscarinic agent solifenacin in the urinary bladder and salivary gland. Naunyn. Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol.366, 97–103 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar