Crofelemer for the treatment of secretory diarrhea

References

• Tradtrantip L, Namkung W, Verkman AS. Crofelemer. An antisecretory antidiarrheal proanthocyanidin oligomer extracted from Croton lechleri, targets two distinct intestinal chloride channels. Mol. Pharmacol.77(1), 69–78 (2009).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barrett KE, Keely SJ. Chloride secretion by the intestinal epithelium: molecular basis and regulatory aspects. Annu. Rev. Physiol.62, 535–572 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chao AC, de Sauvage FJ, Dong YJ, Wagner JA, Goeddel DV, Gardner P. Activation of intestinal CFTR Cl-channel by heat-stable enterotoxin and guanylin via cAMP-dependent protein kinase. EMBO J.13(5), 1065–1072 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorrot M, Vasseur M. How do the rotavirus NSP4 and bacterial enterotoxins lead differently to diarrhea? Virol. J.4, 31 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiCesare D, DuPont HL, Mathewson JJ et al. A double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of SP-303 (Provir) in the symptomatic treatment of acute diarrhea among travelers to Jamaica and Mexico. Am. J. Gastroenterol.97(10), 2585–2588 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holodniy M, Koch J, Mistal M et al. A double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled Phase II study to assess the safety and efficacy of orally administered SP-303 for the symptomatic treatment of diarrhea in patients with AIDS. Am. J. Gastroenterol.94(11), 3267–3273 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mangel AW, Chaturvedi P. Evaluation of crofelemer in the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome patients. Digestion78(4), 180–186 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ericsson CD. Nonantimicrobial agents in the prevention and treatment of traveler’s diarrhea. Clin. Infect. Dis.41(Suppl. 8), S557–S563 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morpeth SC, Thielman NM. Diarrhea in patients with AIDS. Curr. Treat. Options Gastroenterol.9(1), 23–37 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ruepert L, Quartero AO, de Wit NJ, van der Heijden GJ, Rubin G, Muris JW. Bulking agents, antispasmodics and antidepressants for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. (8), CD003460 (2011).
   Google Scholar
• Tack J, Fried M, Houghton LA, Spicak J, Fisher G. Systematic review: the efficacy of treatments for irritable bowel syndrome – a European perspective. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther.24(2), 183–205 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ericsson CD, Tannenbaum C, Charles TT. Antisecretory and antiinflammatory properties of bismuth subsalicylate. Rev. Infect. Dis.12(Suppl. 1), S16–S20 (1990).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DuPont HL, Ericsson CD, Johnson PC, de la Cabada FJ. Use of bismuth subsalicylate for the prevention of travelers’ diarrhea. Rev. Infect. Dis.12(Suppl. 1), S64–S67 (1990).
   Google Scholar
• Berni Canani R, Secondo A, Passariello A et al. Zinc inhibits calcium-mediated and nitric oxide-mediated ion secretion in human enterocytes. Eur. J. Pharmacol.626(2–3), 266–270 (2010).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Primi MP, Bueno L, Baumer P, Berard H, Lecomte JM. Racecadotril demonstrates intestinal antisecretory activity in vivo. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther.13(Suppl. 6), 3–7 (1999).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DuPont HL, Ericsson CD, Mathewson JJ, Marani S, Knellwolf-Cousin AL, Martinez-Sandoval FG. Zaldaride maleate, an intestinal calmodulin inhibitor, in the therapy of travelers’ diarrhea. Gastroenterology104(3), 709–715 (1993).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okhuysen PC, DuPont HL, Ericsson CD et al. Zaldaride maleate (a new calmodulin antagonist) versus loperamide in the treatment of traveler’s diarrhea: randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Clin. Infect. Dis.21(2), 341–344 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gabriel SE, Davenport SE, Steagall RJ, Vimal V, Carlson T, Rozhon EJ. A novel plant-derived inhibitor of cAMP-mediated fluid and chloride secretion. Am. J. Physiol.276(1 Pt 1), G58–G63 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischer H, Machen TE, Widdicombe JH et al. A novel extract SB-300 from the stem bark latex of Croton lechleri inhibits CFTR-mediated chloride secretion in human colonic epithelial cells. J. Ethnopharmacol.93(2–3), 351–357 (2004).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Orozco-Topete R, Sierra-Madero J, Cano-Dominguez C et al. Safety and efficacy of Virend for topical treatment of genital and anal herpes simplex lesions in patients with AIDS. Antiviral Res.35(2), 91–103 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Safrin S, McKinley G, McKeough M, Robinson D, Spruance SL. Treatment of acyclovir-unresponsive cutaneous herpes simplex virus infection with topically applied SP-303. Antiviral Res.25(3–4), 185–192 (1994).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wyde P, Meyerson L, Gilbert B. An in vitro evaluation of the antiviral activity of SP-303, an Euphorbiaceae shrub extract, against a panel of respiratory viruses. Drug Dev. Res.28, 467–472 (1993).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilbert BE, Wyde PR, Wilson SZ, Meyerson LR. SP-303 small-particle aerosol treatment of influenza A virus infection in mice and respiratory syncytial virus infection in cotton rats. Antiviral Res.21(1), 37–45 (1993).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnard DL, Smee DF, Huffman JH, Meyerson LR, Sidwell RW. Antiherpesvirus activity and mode of action of SP-303, a novel plant flavonoid. Chemotherapy39(3), 203–211 (1993).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barnard DL, Huffman JH, Meyerson LR, Sidwell RW. Mode of inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus by a plant flavonoid, SP-303. Chemotherapy39(3), 212–217 (1993).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ubillas R, Jolad S, Bruening R et al. SP-303, an antiviral oligomeric proanthocyanidin from the latex of Croton lechleri (Sangre de Drago). Phytomedicine1, 77–106 (1994).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sidwell RW, Huffman JH, Moscon BJ, Warren RP. Influenza virus-inhibitory effects of intraperitoneally and aerosol-administered SP-303, a plant flavonoid. Chemotherapy40(1), 42–50 (1994).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wyde PR, Ambrose MW, Meyerson LR, Gilbert BE. The antiviral activity of SP-303, a natural polyphenolic polymer, against respiratory syncytial and parainfluenza type 3 viruses in cotton rats. Antiviral Res.20(2), 145–154 (1993).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bardhan P, Sharma A, Bolmall C et al. Safety and efficacy of a novel anti-secretory anti-diarrheal agent crofelemer (NP-303), in the treatment of adult acute infectious diarrhea and cholera, with or without the use of antibiotics. Presented at: US–Japan CMSP: 13th International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) in the Pacific Rim – Focused on Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India, 6–9 April 2009.
   Google Scholar