Bulking agents for urinary incontinence: patient selection, counseling and technique

References

• Nygaard IE, Thompson FL, Svengalis SL, Albright JP. Urinary incontinence in elite nulliparous athletes. Obstet. Gynecol.84(2), 183–187 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raz S, Rodriguez LV. Female Urology (3rd Edition). Saunders Elsevier, Philadelphia, PA, USA (2008).
   Google Scholar
• Keegan PE, Atiemo K, Cody J, McClinton S, Pickard R. Periurethral injection therapy for urinary incontinence in women. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.18(13), CD003881 (2007).
   Google Scholar
• Cespedes RD, Serkin FB. Is injection therapy for stress urinary incontinence dead? No. Urology73, 11–13 (2009).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kong WG, Vasavada SP. Is injection therapy for stress urinary incontinence dead? Yes. Urology73, 9–10 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herschorn S, Radomski SB. Collagen injections for genuine stress urinary incontinence, patient selection and durability. Int. Urogynecol. J. Pelvic Floor Dysfunct.8(1), 18–24 (1997).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bent AE, Foote JE, Siegel S, Faerber GJ, Choa R, Gormley EA. Collagen implant for treating stress urinary incontinence in women with urethral hypermobility. J. Urol.166(4), 1354–1357 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ter Meulen PH, Berghmans LC, Nieman FH, van Kerrebroeck PE. Effects of macroplastique implantation system for stress urinary incontinence and urethral hypermobility in women. Int. Urogynecol. J. Pelvic Floor Dysfunct.20, 177–183 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khullar V, Cardozo LD, Abbott D, Anders K. GAX collagen in the treatment of urinary incontinence in elderly women, a two year follow up. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol.104(1), 96–99 (1997).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Winters JC, Chiverton A, Scarpero HM, Prats LJ Jr. Collagen injection therapy in elderly women, long-term results and patient satisfaction. Urology55(6), 856–861 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kabalin JN. Treatment of post-prostatectomy stress urinary incontinence with periurethral polytetrafluoroethylene paste injection. J. Urol.152(5 Pt 1), 1463–1466 (1984).
   Google Scholar
• Cummings JM, Boullier JA, Parra RO. Transurethral collagen injections in the therapy of post-radical prostatectomy stress incontinence. J. Urol.155(3), 1011–1013 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klutke JJ, Subir C, Andriole G, Klutke CG. Long-term results after antegrade collagen injection for stress urinary incontinence following radical retropubic prostatectomy. Urology53(5), 974–977 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solomon LZ, Birch BR, Cooper AJ, Davies CL, Holmes SA. Nonhomologous bioinjectable materials in urology, ‘size matters’? BJU Int.85(6), 641–645. (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson S, Quek ML, Ginsberg DA. Transurethral injection of bulking agents for stress urinary incontinence following orthotopic neobladder reconstruction in women. J. Urol.172(1), 244–246 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plotti F, Zullo MA, Sansone M et al. Post radical hysterectomy urinary incontinence, a prospective study of transurethral bulking agents injection. Gynecol. Oncol.112(1), 90–94 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ben-Chaim J, Jeffs RD, Peppas DS, Gearhart JP. Submucosal bladder neck injections of glutaraldehyde cross-linked bovine collagen for the treatment of urinary incontinence in patients with the exstrophy/epispadias complex. J. Urol.154(2 Pt 2), 862–864 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosalia M, Anthony JC, Mark PC, Richard CR. Alternative use of dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer, the efficacy of bladder neck injections for urinary incontinence. J. Urol.174(4), 1691–1694 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burki T, Hamid R, Ransley PG, Mushtaq I, Duffy PG. Injectable polydimethylsiloxane for treating incontinence in children with the exstrophy–epispadias complex, long-term results. BJU Int.98(4), 849–853 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nijhuis PH, van den Bogaard TE, Daemen MJ, Baeten CG. Perianal injection of polydimethylsiloxane (Bioplastique implants) paste in the treatment of soiling, pilot study in rats to determine migratory tendency and locoregional reaction. Dis. Colon Rectum41(5), 624–629 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malouf AJ, Vaizey CJ, Norton CS, Kamm MA. Internal anal sphincter augmentation for fecal incontinence using injectable silicone biomaterial. Dis. Colon Rectum44(4), 595–600 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis K, Kumar D, Poloniecki J. Preliminary evaluation of an injectable anal sphincter bulking agent (Durasphere) in the management of faecal incontinence. Aliment Pharmacol. Ther.18(2), 237–243 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stojkovic SG, Lim M, Burke D, Finan PJ, Sagar PM. Intra-anal collagen injection for the treatment of faecal incontinence. Br. J. Surg.93(12), 1514–1518. (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McClelland M, Delustro F. Evaluation of antibody class in response to bovine collagen treatment in patients with urinary incontinence. J. Urol.155(6), 2068–2073 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heit M. Prolonged urinary retention after collagen periurethral injections, a sequela of humoral immunity. Obstet. Gynecol.90(4), 693–695 (1997).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lightner D, Calvosa C, Andersen R et al. A new injectable bulking agent for treatment of stress urinary incontinence: results of a multicenter, randomized, controlled, double-blind study of Durasphere. Urology58(1), 12–15 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayer RD, Dmochowski RR, Appell RA et al. Multicenter prospective randomized 52-week trial of calcium hydroxylapatite versus bovine dermal collagen for treatment of stress urinary incontinence. Urology69(5), 876–880 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henly DR, Barrett DM, Weiland TL, O’Connor MK, Malizia AA, Wein AJ. Particulate silicone for use in periurethral injections: local tissue effects and search for migration. J. Urol.153(6), 2039–2043 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghoniem G, Corcos J, Comiter C, Bernhard P, Westney OL, Herschorn S. Cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane injection for female stress urinary incontinence: results of a multicenter, randomized, controlled, single-blind study. J. Urol.181(1), 204–210 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petrou SP, Lisson SW, Crook JE, Lightner DJ. An exploration into patient preference for injectable therapy over surgery in the treatment of female urinary incontinence. Int. Braz. J. Urol. (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McCrery RJ, Appell RA. Safety of carbon bead injection for incontinence in patients taking warfarin. Urology67(1), 97–99 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sweat SD, Lightner DJ. Complications of sterile abscess formation and pulmonary embolism following periurethral bulking agents. J. Urol.161(1), 93–96 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee PE, Kung RC, Drutz HP. Periurethral autologous fat injection as treatment for female stress urinary incontinence, a randomized double-blind controlled trial. J. Urol.165(1), 153–158 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malizia AA Jr, Reiman HM, Myers RP et al. Migration and granulomatous reaction after periurethral injection of polytef (Teflon). JAMA251(24), 3277–3281 (1984).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erekson EA, Sung VW, Rardin CR, Myers DL. Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer erosions after use as a urethral bulking agent. Obstet. Gynecol.109(2 Pt 2), 490–492 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hurtado EA, McCrery RJ, Appell RA. Complications of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer as an intraurethral bulking agent in men with stress urinary incontinence. Urology71(4), 662–665 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hurtado E, McCrery R, Appell R. The safety and efficacy of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer as an intra-urethral bulking agent in women with intrinsic urethral deficiency. Int. Urogynecol. J. Pelvic Floor Dysfunct.18(8), 869–873 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stothers L, Goldenberg SL, Leone EF. Complications of periurethral collagen injection for stress urinary incontinence. J. Urol.159(3), 806–807 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKinney CD, Gaffey MJ, Gillenwater JY. Bladder outlet obstruction after multiple periurethral polytetrafluoroethylene injections. J. Urol.153(1), 149–151 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartanto VH, Lightner DJ, Nitti VW. Endoscopic evacuation of Durasphere. Urology62(1), 135–137 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai HH, Hurtado EA, Appell RA. Large urethral prolapse formation after calcium hydroxylapatite (Coaptite) injection. Int. Urogynecol. J. Pelvic Floor Dysfunct.19(9), 1315–1317 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ko EY, Williams BF, Petrou SP. Bulking agent induced early urethral prolapse after distal urethrectomy. Int. Urogynecol. J. Pelvic Floor Dysfunct.18(12), 1511–1513 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris RL, Cundiff GW, Coates KW, Addison WA, Bump RC. Urethral prolapse after collagen injection. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.178(3), 614–615 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghoniem GM, Khater U. Urethral prolapse after durasphere injection. Int. Urogynecol. J. Pelvic Floor Dysfunct.17(3), 297–298 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alkan M, Talim B, Ciftci AO, Senocak ME, Caglar M, Buyukpamukcu N. Histological response to injected gluteraldehyde cross-linked bovine collagen based implant in a rat model. BMC Urol.6, 3 (2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Frey P, Berger D, Jenny P, Herzog B. Subureteral collagen injection for the endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in children. Follow up study of 97 treated ureters and histological analysis of collagen implants. J. Urol.148(2), 718–723 (1992).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leonard MP, Canning DA, Epstein JI, Gearhart JP, Jeffs RD. Local tissue reaction to the subureteral injection of glutaraldehyde cross-linked bovine collagen in humans. J. Urol.143(6), 1209–1212 (1990).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanke CW, Higley HR, Jolivette DM, Swanson NA, Stegman SJ. Abscess formation and local necrosis after treatment with Zyderm or Zyplast collagen implant. J. Am. Acad. Derm.25, 319–326 (1991).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLennan MT, Bent AE. Suburethral abscess, a complication of periurethral collagen injection therapy. Obstet. Gynecol.92(4), 650–652 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palma PC, Riccetto CL, Netto NR Jr. Urethral pseudolipoma, a complication of periurethral lipo-injection for stress urinary incontinence in a woman. J. Urol.155(2), 646 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madjar S, Sharma AK, Waltzer WC, Frischer Z, Secrest CL. Periurethral mass formations following bulking agent injection for the treatment of urinary incontinence. J. Urol.175(4), 1408–1410 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdelwahab HA, Ghoniem GM. Obstructive suburethral mass after transurethral injection of dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer. Int. Urogynecol. J. Pelvic Floor Dysfunct.18(11), 1379–1380 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stenberg AM, Sundin A, Larsson BS, Lackgren G, Stenberg A. Lack of distant migration after injection of a 125iodine labeled dextranomer based implant into the rabbit bladder. J. Urol.158(5), 1937–1941 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chrouser KL, Fick F, Goel A, Itano NB, Sweat SD, Lightner DJ. Carbon coated zirconium beads in β-glucan gel and bovine glutaraldehyde cross-linked collagen injections for intrinsic sphincter deficiency, continence and satisfaction after extended followup. J. Urol.171(3), 1152–1155 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zullo MA, Plotti F, Bellati F, Muzii L, Angioli R, Panici PB. Transurethral polydimethylsiloxane implantation: a valid option for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence due to intrinsic sphincter deficiency without urethral hypermobility. J. Urol.171(3), 1152–1155 (2005).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leach GE, Dmochowski RR, Appell RA et al. Female Stress Urinary Incontinence Clinical Guidelines Panel summary report on surgical management of female stress urinary incontinence. The American Urological Association. J. Urol.158(3), 875–880 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lightner DJ. Review of the available urethral bulking agents. Curr. Opin. Urol.12(4), 333–338 (2002).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chapple CR, Haab F, Cervigni M, Dannecker C, Fianu-Jonasson A, Sultan AH. An open, multicentre study of NASHA/Dx Gel (Zuidex) for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence. Eur. Urol.48(3), 488–494 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bridges MD, Petrou SP, Lightner DJ. Urethral bulking agents: imaging review. AJR Am. J. Roentgenol.185, 257–264 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poon CI, Zimmern PE. Role of three-dimensional ultrasound in assessment of women undergoing urethral bulking agent therapy. Curr. Opin. Obstet. Gynecol.16(5), 411–417 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shamliyan TA, Kane RL, Wyman J, Wilt TJ. Systematic review: randomized, controlled trials of nonsurgical treatments for urinary incontinence in women. Ann. Intern. Med.148(6), 459–473 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sirls LT, Foote JE, Kaufman JM et al. Long-term results of the FemSoft urethral insert for the management of female stress urinary incontinence. Int. Urogynecol. J. Pelvic Floor Dysfunct.13(2), 88–95 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Shafey el-SI. Complications from repeated injection or puncture of old polyacrylamide gel implant sites, case reports. Aesthetic Plast. Surg.32(1), 162–165 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balmforth J, Cardozo LD. Trends toward less invasive treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. Urology62(4 Suppl. 1), 52–60 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar