261
Views
13
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Theme: Kidney Cancer - Review

Sequential therapy in metastatic clear cell renal carcinoma: TKI–TKI vs TKI–mTOR

, , , &
Pages 1545-1557 | Published online: 10 Jan 2014

References

  • Siegel R, Naishadham D, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2012. CA. Cancer J. Clin. 62(1), 10–29 (2012).
  • Linehan WM, Pinto PA, Srinivasan R et al. Identification of the genes for kidney cancer: opportunity for disease-specific targeted therapeutics. Clin. Cancer Res. 13(2 Pt 2), 671s–679s (2007).
  • Linehan WM, Bratslavsky G, Pinto PA et al. Molecular diagnosis and therapy of kidney cancer. Annu. Rev. Med. 61, 329–343 (2010).
  • Gerlinger M, Rowan AJ, Horswell S et al. Intratumor heterogeneity and branched evolution revealed by multiregion sequencing. N. Engl. J. Med. 366(10), 883–892 (2012).
  • Xu X, Hou Y, Yin X et al. Single-cell exome sequencing reveals single-nucleotide mutation characteristics of a kidney tumor. Cell 148(5), 886–895 (2012).
  • Henske EP. The genetic basis of kidney cancer: why is tuberous sclerosis complex often overlooked? Curr. Mol. Med. 4(8), 825–831 (2004).
  • Maher ER. Von Hippel–Lindau disease. Curr. Mol. Med. 4(8), 833–842 (2004).
  • Cook JD, Walker CL. The Eker rat: establishing a genetic paradigm linking renal cell carcinoma and uterine leiomyoma. Curr. Mol. Med. 4(8), 813–824 (2004).
  • Yeung RS. Lessons from the Eker rat model: from cage to bedside. Curr. Mol. Med. 4(8), 799–806 (2004).
  • Linehan WM, Pinto PA, Bratslavsky G et al. Hereditary kidney cancer: unique opportunity for disease-based therapy. Cancer 115(Suppl. 10), 2252–2261 (2009).
  • Milella M, Felici A. Biology of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. J. Cancer 2, 369–373 (2011).
  • Singer EA, Gupta GN, Srinivasan R. Targeted therapeutic strategies for the management of renal cell carcinoma. Curr. Opin. Oncol. 24(3), 284–290 (2012).
  • Posadas EM, Figlin RA. Systemic therapy in renal cell carcinoma: advancing paradigms. Oncology 26(3), 290–301 (2012).
  • Voss MH, Molina AM, Motzer RJ. mTOR inhibitors in advanced renal cell carcinoma. Hematol. Oncol. Clin. North Am. 25(4), 835–852 (2011).
  • Escudier B, Albiges L. Vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted therapy for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. Drugs 71(9), 1179–1191 (2011).
  • Molina AM, Motzer RJ. Clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: today and tomorrow. Oncologist 16(Suppl. 2), 45–50 (2011).
  • Hutson TE. Targeted therapies for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: clinical evidence. Oncologist 16(Suppl. 2), 14–22 (2011).
  • Harshman LC, Xie W, Bjarnason GA et al. Conditional survival of patients with metastatic renal-cell carcinoma treated with VEGF-targeted therapy: a population-based study. Lancet Oncol. 13(9), 927–935 (2012).
  • Manola J, Royston P, Elson P et al.; International Kidney Cancer Working Group. Prognostic model for survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: results from the International Kidney Cancer Working Group. Clin. Cancer Res. 17(16), 5443–5450 (2011).
  • Powles T, Hutson TE. Difficulty in predicting survival in metastatic renal cancer. Lancet Oncol. 13(9), 859–860 (2012).
  • Gore ME, Larkin JM. Challenges and opportunities for converting renal cell carcinoma into a chronic disease with targeted therapies. Br. J. Cancer 104(3), 399–406 (2011).
  • Haddad H, Rini BI. Current treatment considerations in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Curr. Treat. Options Oncol. 13(2), 212–229 (2012).
  • Ravaud A. Treatment-associated adverse event management in the advanced renal cell carcinoma patient treated with targeted therapies. Oncologist 16(Suppl. 2), 32–44 (2011).
  • Eisen T, Sternberg CN, Robert C et al. Targeted therapies for renal cell carcinoma: review of adverse event management strategies. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 104(2), 93–113 (2012).
  • Patard JJ, Porta C, Wagstaff J, Gschwend JE. Optimizing treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther. 11(12), 1901–1911 (2011).
  • Bellmunt J, Eisen T, Szczylik C, Mulders P, Porta C. A new patient-focused approach to the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: establishing customized treatment options. BJU Int. 107(8), 1190–1199 (2011).
  • Zustovich F, Lombardi G, Farina P. Treating patients with metastatic renal carcinoma: an escape from Phase III. Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther. 12(7), 919–927 (2012).
  • Porta C, Szczylik C, Escudier B. Combination or sequencing strategies to improve the outcome of metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients: a critical review. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 82(3), 323–337 (2012).
  • Santos N, Wenger JB, Havre P et al. Combination therapy for renal cell cancer: what are possible options? Oncology 81(3–4), 220–229 (2011).
  • Escudier B, Negrier S, Gravis G et al. Can the combination of temsirolimus and bevacizumab improve the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC)? Results of the randomized TORAVA Phase II trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 28(Suppl. 15), Abstract 4516 (2010).
  • Rini BI, Bellmunt J, Clancy J, Wang K, Niethammer A, Escudier B. Randomized Phase IIIB trial of temsirolimus and bevacizumab versus interferon and bevacizumab in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: results from INTORACT. Ann. Oncol. Suppl(Proc ESMO), Abstract LBA21 (2012).
  • Ravaud A, Barrios CH, Anak O et al. Randomized Phase II study of first-line everolimus (EVE) + bevacizumab (BEV) versus interferon alfa-2a (IFN) + BEV in patients (pts) with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC): RECORD-2. Ann. Oncol. Suppl(Proc. ESMO), Abstract 783 (2012).
  • Porta C, Paglino C. Sequencing or not sequencing multikinase inhibitors in kidney cancer: this is the dilemma. Oncol. Rev. 4, 1–3 (2010).
  • Sonpavde G, Choueiri TK, Escudier B et al. Sequencing of agents for metastatic renal cell carcinoma: can we customize therapy? Eur. Urol. 61(2), 307–316 (2012).
  • Procopio G, Verzoni E, Iacovelli R, Guadalupi V, Gelsomino F, Buzzoni R. Targeted therapies used sequentially in metastatic renal cell cancer: overall results from a large experience. Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther. 11(11), 1631–1640 (2011).
  • Porta C, Tortora G, Linassier C et al. Maximising the duration of disease control in metastatic renal cell carcinoma with targeted agents: an expert agreement. Med. Oncol. 29(3), 1896–1907 (2012).
  • Escudier B, Szczylik C, Porta C, Gore M. Treatment selection in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: expert consensus. Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 9(6), 327–337 (2012).
  • Porta C, Paglino C, Imarisio I. Sequencing tyrosine kinase inhibitors or immediately switching to mTOR inhibitors in advanced kidney cancer: a critical review. Eur. J. Med. Clin. Oncol. 2, 67–72 (2011).
  • Calvo E, Ravaud A, Bellmunt J. What is the optimal therapy for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who progress on an initial VEGFR–TKI? Cancer Treat. Rev. doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.06.010 (2012) (Epub ahead of print).
  • Oudard S, Elaidi RT. Sequential therapy with targeted agents in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma: optimizing patient benefit. Cancer Treat. Rev. 38(8), 981–987 (2012).
  • Larriba JL, Espinosa E, Carbonero IG et al. Sequential therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: pre-clinical and clinical rationale for selecting a second- or subsequent-line therapy with a different mechanism of action. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 31(Suppl. 1), 11–17 (2012).
  • Larkin J, Swanton C, Pickering L. Optimizing treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma by changing mechanism of action. Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther. 11(4), 639–649 (2011).
  • Park K, Lee JL, Park I et al. Comparative efficacy of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor as second-line therapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma after the failure of first-line VEGF TKI. Med. Oncol. 29(5), 3291-3297 (2012).
  • Motzer RJ, Escudier B, Oudard S et al.; RECORD-1 Study Group. Efficacy of everolimus in advanced renal cell carcinoma: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled Phase III trial. Lancet 372(9637), 449–456 (2008).
  • Motzer RJ, Escudier B, Oudard S et al.; RECORD-1 Study Group. Phase 3 trial of everolimus for metastatic renal cell carcinoma: final results and analysis of prognostic factors. Cancer 116(18), 4256–4265 (2010).
  • Rini BI, Escudier B, Tomczak P et al. Comparative effectiveness of axitinib versus sorafenib in advanced renal cell carcinoma (AXIS): a randomised Phase 3 trial. Lancet 378(9807), 1931–1939 (2011).
  • Motzer RJ, Escudier B, Tomczak P et al. Axitinib vs sorafenib for advanced renal cell carcinoma: Phase III overall survival results and analysis of prognostic factors. Ann. Oncol. Suppl(Proc. ESMO), Abstract 793 (2012).
  • Hutson TE, Escudier B, Esteban E et al. Temsirolimus vs sorafenib as second line therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: results from the INTORSECT trial. Ann. Oncol. Suppl(Proc. ESMO), Abstract LBA22 (2012).
  • Rini BI, Michaelson MD, Rosenberg JE et al. Antitumor activity and biomarker analysis of sunitinib in patients with bevacizumab-refractory metastatic renal cell carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 26(22), 3743–3748 (2008).
  • Bracarda S, Bellmunt J, Melichar B et al. Overall survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma initially treated with bevacizumab plus interferon-α2a and subsequent therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors: a retrospective analysis of the Phase III AVOREN trial. BJU Int. 107(2), 214–219 (2011).
  • Hutson TE, Bukowski RM, Cowey CL, Figlin R, Escudier B, Sternberg CN. Sequential use of targeted agents in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 77(1), 48–62 (2011).
  • Rini BI, Wilding G, Hudes G et al. Phase II study of axitinib in sorafenib-refractory metastatic renal cell carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 27(27), 4462–4468 (2009).
  • Sarker D, Molife R, Evans TR et al. A Phase I pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of TKI258, an oral, multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor in patients with advanced solid tumors. Clin. Cancer Res. 14(7), 2075–2081 (2008).
  • Angevin E, Grunwald V, Ravaud A et al. A Phase II study of Dovitinib (TKI258), an FGFR- and VEGFR-inhibitor, in patients with advanced or metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC). J. Clin. Oncol. 29(Suppl.), Abstract 4551 (2011).
  • Yakes FM, Chen J, Tan J et al. Cabozantinib (XL184), a novel MET and VEGFR2 inhibitor, simultaneously suppresses metastasis, angiogenesis, and tumor growth. Mol. Cancer Ther. 10(12), 2298–2308 (2011).
  • Choueiri TK, Pal SK, McDermott DF et al. Efficacy of Cabozantinib (XL184) in patients (pts) with metastatic, refractory renal cell carcinoma (RCC). J. Clin. Oncol. 30(Suppl.), Abstract 4504 (2012).
  • Amato RJ, Jac J, Giessinger S, Saxena S, Willis JP. A Phase 2 study with a daily regimen of the oral mTOR inhibitor RAD001 (everolimus) in patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell cancer. Cancer 115(11), 2438–2446 (2009).
  • Mackenzie MJ, Rini BI, Elson P et al. Temsirolimus in VEGF-refractory metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Ann. Oncol. 22(1), 145–148 (2011).
  • Milella M, Di Lorenzo G, Felici A et al. Medical optimization of Torisel® (motor): a Phase II trial of temsirolimus as second-line treatment for advanced RCC by the Italian Kidney Cancer Group (GIR). Ann. Oncol. Suppl(Proc. ESMO), Abstract 846 (2012).
  • Richter S, Pfister SD, Thuer D et al. Second-line treatment of progressive metastatic renal cell cancer with temsirolimus following first-line therapy with sunitinib or sorafenib. Onkologie 31(Suppl.), 234–236 (2008).
  • Gerullis H, Bergmann L, Maute L et al. Feasibility of sequential use of sunitinib and temsirolimus in advanced renal cell carcinoma. Med. Oncol. 27(2), 373–378 (2010).
  • Lamm W, Vogl UM, Bojic M et al. Safety and efficacy of temsirolimus in heavily pretreated patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Acta Oncol. 51(1), 101–106 (2012).
  • Heng DY, Mackenzie MJ, Vaishampayan UN et al. Primary anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-refractory metastatic renal cell carcinoma: clinical characteristics, risk factors, and subsequent therapy. Ann. Oncol. 23(6), 1549–1555 (2012).
  • Albiges L, Iacovelli R, Porta C et al. Prognosis of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) with primary resistance to sunitinib – is there any active treatment? Proc. (ECCO/ESMO), Abstract 7143 (2011).
  • Elaidi RT, Beuselinck B, Maj-HES A et al. What is the best treatment option for second line in long responders to the first-line TKI in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients (pts): TKI–TKI or TKI–mTORi? A European retrospective study. J. Clin. Oncol. 30(Suppl. 5), Abstract 375 (2012).
  • Al-Marrawi MY, Rini BI, Harshman LC et al. The association of clinical outcome to front-line VEGF-targeted therapy with clinical outcome to second-line VEGF-targeted therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients (pts). J. Clin. Oncol. 29(Suppl.), Abstract 4555 (2011).
  • Iacovelli R, Santoni M, Di Lorenzo G et al. Progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients receiving 3 targeted therapies (tts) for metastatic renal-cell carcinoma (mRCC). Ann. Oncol. (Suppl. Proc ESMO), Abstract 818 (2012).
  • Vickers MM, Choueiri TK, Rogers M et al. Clinical outcome in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients after failure of initial vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted therapy. Urology 76(2), 430–434 (2010).
  • Heng DY, Lee JL, Harshman LC et al. A population-based overview of sequences of targeted therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). J. Clin. Oncol. 30(Suppl. 5), Abstract 387 (2012).
  • Rini BI. New strategies in kidney cancer: therapeutic advances through understanding the molecular basis of response and resistance. Clin. Cancer Res. 16(5), 1348–1354 (2010).
  • Rini BI, Atkins MB. Resistance to targeted therapy in renal-cell carcinoma. Lancet Oncol. 10(10), 992–1000 (2009).
  • Schor-Bardach R, Alsop DC, Pedrosa I et al. Does arterial spin-labeling MR imaging-measured tumor perfusion correlate with renal cell cancer response to antiangiogenic therapy in a mouse model? Radiology 251(3), 731–742 (2009).
  • Huang D, Ding Y, Zhou M et al. Interleukin-8 mediates resistance to antiangiogenic agent sunitinib in renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Res. 70(3), 1063–1071 (2010).
  • Casanovas O, Hicklin DJ, Bergers G, Hanahan D. Drug resistance by evasion of antiangiogenic targeting of VEGF signaling in late-stage pancreatic islet tumors. Cancer Cell 8(4), 299–309 (2005).
  • Mizukami Y, Jo WS, Duerr EM et al. Induction of interleukin-8 preserves the angiogenic response in HIF-1α-deficient colon cancer cells. Nat. Med. 11(9), 992–997 (2005).
  • Fischer C, Jonckx B, Mazzone M et al. Anti-PlGF inhibits growth of VEGFR-inhibitor-resistant tumors without affecting healthy vessels. Cell 131(3), 463–475 (2007).
  • Fernando NT, Koch M, Rothrock C et al. Tumor escape from endogenous, extracellular matrix-associated angiogenesis inhibitors by up-regulation of multiple proangiogenic factors. Clin. Cancer Res. 14(5), 1529–1539 (2008).
  • Jones RG, Thompson CB. Tumor suppressors and cell metabolism: a recipe for cancer growth. Genes Dev. 23(5), 537–548 (2009).
  • Marshall S. Role of insulin, adipocyte hormones, and nutrient-sensing pathways in regulating fuel metabolism and energy homeostasis: a nutritional perspective of diabetes, obesity, and cancer. Sci. STKE 2006(346), re7 (2006).
  • Herman MA, Kahn BB. Glucose transport and sensing in the maintenance of glucose homeostasis and metabolic harmony. J. Clin. Invest. 116(7), 1767–1775 (2006).
  • Motoshima H, Goldstein BJ, Igata M, Araki E. AMPK and cell proliferation–AMPK as a therapeutic target for atherosclerosis and cancer. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 574(Pt 1), 63–71 (2006).
  • Edinger AL, Thompson CB. An activated mTOR mutant supports growth factor-independent, nutrient-dependent cell survival. Oncogene 23(33), 5654–5663 (2004).
  • Di Lorenzo G, Buonerba C, Federico P et al. Third-line sorafenib after sequential therapy with sunitinib and mTOR inhibitors in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Eur. Urol. 58(6), 906–911 (2010).
  • Di Lorenzo G, Cartenì G, Autorino R et al. Phase II study of sorafenib in patients with sunitinib-refractory metastatic renal cell cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 27(27), 4469–4474 (2009).
  • Bergers G, Hanahan D. Modes of resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy. Nat. Rev. Cancer 8(8), 592–603 (2008).
  • Pàez-Ribes M, Allen E, Hudock J et al. Antiangiogenic therapy elicits malignant progression of tumors to increased local invasion and distant metastasis. Cancer Cell 15(3), 220–231 (2009).
  • Faivre S, Demetri G, Sargent W, Raymond E. Molecular basis for sunitinib efficacy and future clinical development. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 6(9), 734–745 (2007).
  • Escudier B, Szczylik C, Hutson TE et al. Randomized Phase II trial of first-line treatment with sorafenib versus interferon Alfa-2a in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 27(8), 1280–1289 (2009).
  • Motzer RJ, Agarwal N, Beard C et al.; National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Testicular cancer. J. Natl. Compr. Canc. Netw. 10(4), 502–535 (2012).
  • Rini BI, Garcia J, Elson P et al. The effect of sunitinib on primary renal cell carcinoma and facilitation of subsequent surgery. J. Urol. 187(5), 1548–1554 (2012).
  • Flaherty KT, Robert C, Hersey P et al.; METRIC Study Group. Improved survival with MEK inhibition in BRAF-mutated melanoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 367(2), 107–114 (2012).
  • Chapman PB, Hauschild A, Robert C et al.; BRIM-3 Study Group. Improved survival with vemurafenib in melanoma with BRAF V600E mutation. N. Engl. J. Med. 364(26), 2507–2516 (2011).
  • Ciuffreda L, Del Bufalo D, Desideri M et al. Growth-inhibitory and antiangiogenic activity of the MEK inhibitor PD0325901 in malignant melanoma with or without BRAF mutations. Neoplasia 11(8), 720–731 (2009).
  • Tran HT, Liu Y, Zurita AJ et al. Prognostic or predictive plasma cytokines and angiogenic factors for patients treated with pazopanib for metastatic renal-cell cancer: a retrospective analysis of Phase 2 and Phase 3 trials. Lancet Oncol. 13(8), 827–837 (2012).
  • Bottos A, Martini M, Di Nicolantonio F et al. Targeting oncogenic serine/threonine-protein kinase BRAF in cancer cells inhibits angiogenesis and abrogates hypoxia. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 109(6), E353–E359 (2012).
  • McDermott DF. Immunotherapy and targeted therapy combinations in renal cancer. Curr. Clin. Pharmacol. 6(3), 207–213 (2011).
  • Bracarda S, Porta C, Boni C et al. Could interferon still play a role in metastatic renal cell carcinoma? a randomized study of two schedules of sorafenib plus interferon-α 2a (RAPSODY). Eur. Urol. (2012) (In Press).
  • Topalian SL, Hodi FS, Brahmer JR et al. Safety, activity, and immune correlates of anti-PD-1 antibody in cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 366(26), 2443–2454 (2012).
  • Ribas A. Tumor immunotherapy directed at PD-1. N. Engl. J. Med. 366(26), 2517–2519 (2012).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.