References
- Hawkins D. The role of oral direct thrombin inhibitors in the prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism. Pharmacotherapy24, 179S–183S (2004).
- Heit JA, Silverstein MD, Mohr DN et al. Predictors of survival after deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: a population-based cohort study. Arch. Intern. Med.159, 445–453 (1999).
- Prandoni P, Lensing AW, Cogo A et al. The long-term clinical course of acute deep venous thrombosis. Ann. Intern. Med.125, 1–7 (1996).
- Kahn SR, Ginsberg JS. Relationship between deep venous thrombosis and the postthrombotic syndrome. Ann. Intern. Med.164, 17–26 (2004).
- Pengo V, Lensing AW, Prins MH et al.; Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension Study Group. Incidence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension after pulmonary embolism. N. Engl. J. Med.350, 2257–2264 (2004).
- Heit JA, Mohr DN, Silverstein MD et al. Predictors of recurrence after deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: a population-based cohort study. Ann. Intern. Med.160, 761–768 (2000).
- Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the Framingham Study. Stroke22, 983–988 (1991).
- Gladstone DJ, Bui E, Fang J et al. Potentially preventable strokes in high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation who are not adequately anticoagulated. Stroke40, 235–240 (2009).
- Kearon C, Kahn SR, Agnelli G et al. Antithrombotic therapy for venous thromboembolic disease. American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest133(Suppl. 6), 454S–545S (2008).
- Singer DE, Albers GW, Dalen JE et al. Antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest133(Suppl. 6), 546S–592S (2008).
- Hart RG, Pearce LA, Aguilar MI. Meta-analysis: antithrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients who have nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Ann. Intern. Med.146, 857–867 (2007).
- Hylek EM, Singer DE. Risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage in outpatients taking warfarin. Ann. Intern. Med.120, 897–902 (1994).
- Hylek EM, Skates SJ, Sheehan MA et al. An analysis of the lowest effective intensity of prophylactic anticoagulation for patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation. N. Engl. J. Med.335, 540–546 (1996).
- Ansell J, Hirsh J, Poller L et al. The pharmacology and management of the vitamin K antagonists. Chest126(Suppl. 3), 204S–233S (2004).
- Schulman S; Duration of Anticoagulation (DURAC) Trial Study Group. Quality of oral anticoagulant control and treatment in Sweden. J. Intern. Med.236, 143–152 (1994).
- Jones M, McEwan P, Morgan CL et al. Evaluation of the pattern of treatment, level of anticoagulation control, and outcome of treatment with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a record linkage study in a large British population. Heart91, 472–477 (2005).
- Fiessinger J-N, Huisman MV, Davidson BL et al. Ximelagatran vs low-molecular-weight heparin and warfarin for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis: a randomized trial. JAMA293, 681–689 (2005).
- Olsson SB; Executive Committee of the SPORTIF III Investigators. Stroke Prevention with the Oral Direct Thrombin Inhibitor Ximelagatran Compared with Warfarin in Patients with Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation (SPORTIF III): randomized controlled trial. Lancet362, 1691–1698 (2003).
- Albers GW, Diener HC, Frison L et al. Ximelagatran vs warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. JAMA293, 690–698 (2005).
- Schulman S, Kearon C, Kakkar AK et al. Dabigatran versus warfarin in the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism. N. Engl. J. Med.361, 2342–2352 (2009).
- Connolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S et al. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N. Engl. J. Med.361, 1139–1151 (2009).
- Go AS, Hylek EM, Borowsky LH et al. Warfarin use among ambulatory patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: the Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study. Ann. Intern. Med.131, 927–934 (1999).
Websites
- AstraZeneca press release (2006) www.ema.europa.eu/humandocs/PDFs/EPAR/ximelagatran/5782706en.pdf (Accessed 24 February 2010)
- Rivaroxaban Summary of Product Characteristics (2008). Bayer Schering Pharma www.emc.medicines.org.uk/medicine/21265/SPC/Xarelto+10+mg+film-coated+tablets/ (Accessed 24 February 2010)
- Pradaxa Summary of Product Characteristics (2009). Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH www.emc.medicines.org.uk/medicine/20760/SPC/Pradaxa+110+mg+hard+capsules/ (Accessed 24 February 2010)
- RE-MEDY™. Secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00329238 (Accessed 25 February 2010)
- RE-SONATE™. Twice-daily oral direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran etexilate in the long term prevention of recurrent symptomatic VTE www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/gui/show/NCT00558259 (Accessed 25 February 2010)