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Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy Volume 11, 2013 - Issue 3
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Editorial

Using the CHA2DS2-VASc score for stroke risk stratification in atrial fibrillation: a clinical perspective

Gregory YH Lip University of Birmingham Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK. [email protected]
Pages 259-262 | Published online: 10 Jan 2014

References

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  • Kirchhof P, Lip GY, Van Gelder IC et al. Comprehensive risk reduction in patients with atrial fibrillation: emerging diagnostic and therapeutic options. Executive summary of the report from the 3rd AFNET/EHRA consensus conference. Thromb. Haemost. 106(6), 1012–1019 (2011).
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  • Wan Y, Heneghan C, Perera R et al. Anticoagulation control and prediction of adverse events in patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review. Circ. Cardiovasc. Qual. Outcomes 1(2), 84–91 (2008).
  • Lip GY. Stroke in atrial fibrillation: epidemiology and thromboprophylaxis. J. Thromb. Haemost. 9(Suppl. 1), 344–351 (2011).
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  • Fuster V, Rydén LE, Cannom DS et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS focused updates incorporated into the ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines developed in partnership with the European Society of Cardiology and in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 57(11), e101–e198 (2011).
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  • Goldhaber SZ. What’s the ‘go to’ anticoagulant for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation? Thromb. Haemost. 107(3), 397–398 (2012).
  • Banerjee A, Lane DA, Torp-Pedersen C, Lip GY. Net clinical benefit of new oral anticoagulants (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban) versus no treatment in a ‘real world’ atrial fibrillation population: a modelling analysis based on a nationwide cohort study. Thromb. Haemost. 107(3), 584–589 (2012).
  • Mantha S, Ansell J. An indirect comparison of dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban for atrial fibrillation. Thromb. Haemost. 108(3), 476–484 (2012).
  • Potpara TS, Lip GY, Apostolakis S. New anticoagulant treatments to protect against stroke in atrial fibrillation. Heart 98(18), 1341–1347 (2012).
  • Lip GY. The role of aspirin for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 8(10), 602–606 (2011).
  • Mant J, Hobbs FD, Fletcher K et al.; BAFTA investigators; Midland Research Practices Network (MidReC). Warfarin versus aspirin for stroke prevention in an elderly community population with atrial fibrillation (the Birmingham Atrial Fibrillation Treatment of the Aged Study, BAFTA): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 370(9586), 493–503 (2007).
  • Rash A, Downes T, Portner R, Yeo WW, Morgan N, Channer KS. A randomised controlled trial of warfarin versus aspirin for stroke prevention in octogenarians with atrial fibrillation (WASPO). Age Ageing 36(2), 151–156 (2007).
  • Connolly SJ, Eikelboom J, Joyner C et al.; AVERROES Steering Committee and Investigators. Apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation. N. Engl. J. Med. 364(9), 806–817 (2011).
  • Sato H, Ishikawa K, Kitabatake A et al.; Japan Atrial Fibrillation Stroke Trial Group. Low-dose aspirin for prevention of stroke in low-risk patients with atrial fibrillation: Japan Atrial Fibrillation Stroke Trial. Stroke 37(2), 447–451 (2006).
  • Olesen JB, Lip GY, Lindhardsen J et al. Risks of thromboembolism and bleeding with thromboprophylaxis in patients with atrial fibrillation: a net clinical benefit analysis using a ‘real world’ nationwide cohort study. Thromb. Haemost. 106(4), 739–749 (2011).
  • Healey JS, Hart RG, Pogue J et al. Risks and benefits of oral anticoagulation compared with clopidogrel plus aspirin in patients with atrial fibrillation according to stroke risk: the atrial fibrillation clopidogrel trial with irbesartan for prevention of vascular events (ACTIVE-W). Stroke 39(5), 1482–1486 (2008).
  • Olesen JB, Torp-Pedersen C, Hansen ML, Lip GY. The value of the CHA2DS2-VASc score for refining stroke risk stratification in patients with atrial fibrillation with a CHADS2 score 0–1: a nationwide cohort study. Thromb. Haemost. 107(6), 1172–1179 (2012).
  • Lip GY, Nieuwlaat R, Pisters R, Lane DA, Crijns HJ. Refining clinical risk stratification for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation using a novel risk factor-based approach: the Euro Heart Survey on atrial fibrillation. Chest 137(2), 263–272 (2010).
  • You JJ, Singer DE, Howard PA et al.; American College of Chest Physicians. Antithrombotic therapy for atrial fibrillation: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest 141(2 Supp.), e531S–e575S (2012).
  • Skanes AC, Healey JS, Cairns JA et al.; Canadian Cardiovascular Society Atrial Fibrillation Guidelines Committee. Focused 2012 update of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society atrial fibrillation guidelines: recommendations for stroke prevention and rate/rhythm control. Can. J. Cardiol. 28(2), 125–136 (2012).
  • Olesen JB, Lip GY, Lane DA et al. Vascular disease and stroke risk in atrial fibrillation: a nationwide cohort study. Am. J. Med. 125(8), 826.e13–826.e23 (2012).
  • Friberg L, Rosenqvist M, Lip GY. Evaluation of risk stratification schemes for ischaemic stroke and bleeding in 182,678 patients with atrial fibrillation: the Swedish Atrial Fibrillation cohort study. Eur. Heart J. 33(12), 1500–1510 (2012).
  • Friberg L, Benson L, Rosenqvist M, Lip GY. Assessment of female sex as a risk factor in atrial fibrillation in Sweden: nationwide retrospective cohort study. BMJ 344, e3522 (2012).
  • Olesen JB, Lip GY, Hansen ML et al. Validation of risk stratification schemes for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation: nationwide cohort study. BMJ 342, d124 (2011).
  • Guo Y, Apostolakis S, Blann AD et al. Validation of contemporary stroke and bleeding risk stratification scores in non-anticoagulated Chinese patients with atrial fibrillation. Int. J. Cardiol. (2012).
  • Stott DJ, Dewar RI, Garratt CJ et al.; Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. RCPE UK Consensus Conference on ‘Approaching the comprehensive management of atrial fibrillation: evolution or revolution?’ J. R. Coll. Physicians Edinb. 42(Suppl. 18), 3–4 (2012).
  • Pisters R, Lane DA, Nieuwlaat R, de Vos CB, Crijns HJ, Lip GY. A novel user-friendly score (HAS-BLED) to assess 1-year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation: the Euro Heart Survey. Chest 138(5), 1093–1100 (2010).
  • Lip GY, Andreotti F, Fauchier L et al.; European Heart Rhythm Association. Bleeding risk assessment and management in atrial fibrillation patients. Executive Summary of a Position Document from the European Heart Rhythm Association [EHRA], endorsed by the European Society of Cardiology [ESC] Working Group on Thrombosis. Thromb. Haemost. 106(6), 997–1011 (2011).

Website

  • Scottish-Intercollegiate-Guidelines-Network-(SIGN). Antithrombotics: Indications and management. Edinburgh: SIGN. 2012: (SIGN publicationno. 129). www.sign.ac.uk (Accessed August 2012)

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