323
Views
24
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Treatment of narcolepsy

&
Pages 897-910 | Published online: 09 Jan 2014

References

  • Westphal C. Eigentümliche mit Einschlafen verbundene Anfälle. Arch. Psychiatr. Nervenkr.7, 631–635 (1877).
  • Gelineau J. De la narcolepsie. Gaz. Hôp Paris 55, 635–637 (1880).
  • Nishino S. Clinical and neurobiological aspects of narcolepsy. Sleep Med.8, 373–399 (2007).
  • Dauvilliers Y, Arnulf I, Mignot E. Narcolepsy with cataplexy. Lancet369, 499–511 (2007).
  • Honda Y. Census of narcolepsy, cataplexy and sleep life among teenagers in Fujisawa city. Sleep Res.8, 191 (1979).
  • Lavie P, Peled R. Narcolepsy is a rare disease in Israel. Sleep10, 608–609 (1987).
  • Thorpy M. Therapeutic advances in narcolepsy. Sleep Med.8, 427–440 (2007).
  • Ohayon MM, Priest RG, Zulley J, Smirne S, Paiva T. Prevalence of narcolepsy symptomatology and diagnosis in the European general population. Neurology58, 1826–1833 (2002).
  • Silber MH, Krahn LE, Olson EJ, Pankratz VS. The epidemiology of narcolepsy in Olmsted County, Minnesota: a population-based study. Sleep25, 197–202 (2002).
  • Morrish E, King MA, Smith IE, Shneerson JM. Factors associated with a delay in the diagnosis of narcolepsy. Sleep Med.5(1), 37–41 (2004).
  • Dauvilliers Y, Montplaisir J, Molinari N et al. Age at onset of narcolepsy in two large populations of patients in France and Quebec. Neurology57, 2029–2033 (2001).
  • Orellana C, Villemin E, Tafti M, Carlander B, Besset A, Billiard M. Life events in the year preceding the onset of narcolepsy. Sleep17(Suppl. 8), S50–S53 (1994).
  • Guilleminault C, Mignot E, Grumet FC. Familial patterns of narcolepsy. Lancet2(8676), 1376–1379 (1989).
  • Billiard M, Pasquie-Magnetto V, Heckman M, Carlander B, Besset A, Billiard M. Family studies in narcolepsy. Sleep17(Suppl. 8), S54–S59 (1994).
  • American Academy of Sleep Medicine. T he International Classification of Sleep Disorders: Diagnostic and Coding Manual (2nd Edition). American Academy of Sleep Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA (2005).
  • Scammell TE. The neurobiology, diagnosis, and treatment of narcolepsy. Ann. Neurol.53, 154–166 (2003).
  • Nobili L, Ferrillo F, Besset A, Rosadini G, Schiavi G, Billiard M. Ultradian aspects of sleep in narcolepsy. Neurophysiol. Clin.26, 51–59 (1996).
  • Roehrs T, Zorick F, Wittig R, Paxton C, Sicklesteel J, Roth T. Alerting effects of naps in patients with narcolepsy. Sleep9, 194–199 (1986).
  • Broughton R, Dunham W, Newman J, Lutley K, Dushesne P, Rivers M. Ambulatory 24 h sleep-wake monitoring in narcolepsy–cataplexy compared to matched control. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol.70, 473–481 (1988).
  • Nobili L, Besset A, Ferrillo F, Rosadini G, Schiavi G, Billiard M. Dynamics of slow wave activity in narcoleptic patients under bed rest conditions. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol.95(6), 414–425 (1995).
  • Johns MW. A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth sleepiness scale. Sleep14(6), 540–545 (1991).
  • Littner MR, Kushida C, Wise M et al. Standards of Practice Committee of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Practice parameters for clinical use of the multiple sleep latency test and the maintenance of wakefulness test. Sleep28(1), 113–121 (2005).
  • Thorpy MJ. Cataplexy associated with narcolepsy: epidemiology, pathophysiology and management. CNS Drugs20, 43–50 (2006).
  • Overeem S, Reijntjes R, Huyser W, Lammers GJ, van Dijk JG. Corticospinal excitability during laughter: implications for cataplexy and the comparison with REM sleep atonia. J. Sleep Res.13, 257–264 (2004).
  • Houghton WC, Scammell TE, Thorpy M. Pharmacotherapy for cataplexy. Sleep Med. Rev.8, 355–366 (2004).
  • Overeem S, Mignot E, van Dijk JG, Lammers GJ. Narcolepsy: clinical features, new pathophysiologic insights, and future perspectives. J. Clin. Neurophysiol.18, 78–105 (2001).
  • Hishikawa Y, Shimizu T. Physiology of REM sleep, cataplexy, and sleep paralysis. Adv. Neurol.67, 245–271 (1995).
  • Dahlitz M, Parkes JD. Sleep paralysis. Lancet341, 406–407 (1993).
  • Montplaisir J, Billiard M, Takahashi S, Bell IR, Guilleminault C, Dement WC. Twenty-four-hour recording in REM-narcoleptics with special reference to nocturnal sleep disruption. Biol. Psychiatry13(1), 73–89 (1978).
  • Harsh J, Peszka J, Hartwig G, Mitler M. Night-time sleep and daytime sleepiness in narcolepsy. J. Sleep Res.9, 309–316 (2000).
  • Schenck CH, Mahowald MW. Motor dyscontrol in narcolepsy: rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep without atonia and REM sleep behavior disorder. Ann. Neurol.32(1), 3–10 (1992).
  • Nightingale S, Orgill JC, Ebrahim IO, de Lacy SF, Agrawal S, Williams AJ. The association between narcolepsy and REM behavior disorder (RBD). Sleep Med.6, 253–258 (2005).
  • Chokroverty S. Sleep apnea in narcolepsy. Sleep9(1), 250–253 (1986).
  • Schuld A, Hebebrand J, Geller F, Pollmacher T. Increased body-mass index in patients with narcolepsy. Lancet355(9211), 1274–1275 (2000).
  • Kotagal S, Krahn LE, Slocumb N. A putative link between childhood narcolepsy and obesity. Sleep Med.5, 147–150 (2004).
  • Lammers GJ, Pijl H, Iestra J, Langius JAE, Buunk G, Meinders AE. Spontaneous food choice in narcolepsy. Sleep19(1), 75–76 (1996).
  • Honda Y, Doi Y, Ninomiya R, Ninomiya C. Increased frequency of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus among narcoleptic patients. Sleep9(1), 254–259 (1986).
  • Vandeputte M, de Weerd A. Sleep disorders and depressive feelings: a global survey with the Beck depression scale. Sleep Med.4, 343–345 (2003).
  • de Lecea L, Kildu TS, Peyron C et al. The hypocretins: hypothalamus-specific peptides with neuroexcitatory activity. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA95, 322–327 (1998).
  • Sakurai T, Amemiya A, Ishii M et al. Orexins and orexin receptors: a family of hypothalamic neuropeptides and G protein-coupled receptors that regulate feeding behavior. Cell92, 573–585 (1998).
  • Lin L, Faraco J, Li R, Kadotani H et al. The sleep disorder canine narcolepsy is caused by a mutation in the hypocretin (orexin) receptor 2 gene. Cell98(3), 365–376 (1999).
  • Chemelli RM, Willie JT, Sinton CM et al. Narcolepsy in orexin knockout mice: molecular genetics of sleep regulation. Cell98(4), 437–451 (1999).
  • Sakurai T. Roles of orexin/hypocretin in regulation of sleep/wakefulness and energy homeostasis. Sleep Med. Rev.9, 231–241 (2005).
  • Peyron C, Tighe DK, van den Pol AN et al. Neurons containing hypocretin (orexin) project to multiple neuronal systems. J. Neurosci.18, 9996–10015 (1998).
  • Hishikawa Y, Shimizu T. Physiology of REM sleep, cataplexy, and sleep paralysis. Adv. Neurol.67, 245–271 (1995).
  • Siegel JM. REM Sleep. In: Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine. Kryger MH, Roth T, Dement CD (Eds). Elsevier Saunders Editor, Philadelphia, PA, USA 120–135 (2005).
  • Wu MF, John J, Boehmer LN, Yao D, Nguyen GB, Siegel JM. Activity of dorsal raphe cells across the sleep–waking cycle and during cataplexy in narcoleptic dogs. J. Physiol.554(Pt 1), 202–215 (2004).
  • Simón-Arceo K, Ramírez-Salado I, Calvo JM. Long-lasting enhancement of rapid eye movement sleep and pontogeniculooccipital waves by vasoactive intestinal peptide microinjection into the amygdala temporal lobe. Sleep26(3), 259–264 (2003).
  • McGinty D, Szymusiak R. Sleep-promoting mechanisms in mammals. In: Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine. Kryger MH, Roth T, Dement CD (Eds). Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia, PA, USA 169–184 (2005).
  • Lu J, Sherman D, Devor M, Saper CB. A putative flip-flop switch for control of REM sleep. Nature441(7093), 589–594 (2006).
  • Ferrillo F, Donadio S, De Carli F, Garbarino S, Nobili L. A model-based approach to homeostatic and ultradian aspects of nocturnal sleep structure in narcolepsy. Sleep. 30(2), 157–165 (2007).
  • Nishino S, Kanbayashi T. Symptomatic narcolepsy, cataplexy and hypersomnia, and their implications in the hypothalamic hypocretin/orexin system. Sleep Med. Rev.9, 269–310 (2005).
  • Billiard M, Bassetti C, Dauvilliers Y et al. EFNS guidelines on management of narcolepsy. Eur. J. Neurol.13, 1035–1048 (2006).
  • Mignot E. An update on the pharmacotherapy of excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy. Guest Editorial. Sleep Med. Rev.8, 333–338 (2004).
  • Banerjee D, Vitiello MV, Grunstein RR. Pharmacotherapy for excessive daytime sleepiness. Sleep Med. Rev.8, 339–354 (2004).
  • Gallopin T, Luppi PH, Rambert FA, Frydman A, Fort P. Effect of the wake-promoting agent modafinil on sleep-promoting neurons from the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus: an in vitro pharmacologic study. Sleep27, 19–25 (2004).
  • Scammell TE, Estabrooke IV, McCarthy MT, Chemelli RM, Yanagisawa M, Miller MS. Hypothalamic arousal regions are activated during modafinil-induced wakefulness. J. Neurosci.20(22), 8620–8628 (2000).
  • Ishizuka T, Sakamoto Y, Sakurai T, Yamatodani A. Modafinil increases histamine release in the anterior hypothalamus of rats. Neurosci. Lett.339, 143–146 (2003).
  • Ferraro L, Fuxe K, Tanganelli S, Fernandez M, Lambert FA, Antonelli T. Amplification of cortical serotonin release: a further neurochemical action of the vigilance promoting drug modafinil. Neuropharmacology39, 1974–1983 (2000).
  • Robertson P Jr, Hellriegel ET. Clinical pharmacokinetic profile of modafinil. Clin. Pharmacokinet.42(2), 123–137 (2003).
  • Billiard M, Besset A, Montplaisir J et al. Modafinil: a double-blind multicenter study. Sleep17 (Suppl.), 107–112 (1994).
  • Broughton RJ, Fleming JAE, George CFP et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover of modafinil in the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness in narcolepsy. Neurology49, 444–451 (1997).
  • US Modafinil in Narcolepsy Multicenter Study Group. Randomized trial of modafinil for the treatment of pathological somnolence in narcolepsy. Ann. Neurol.43, 88–97 (1998).
  • US Modafinil in Narcolepsy Multicenter Study Group. Randomized trial of modafinil as a treatment for the excessive daytime somnolence of narcolepsy. Neurology54, 1166–1175 (2000).
  • Schwartz JR, Feldman NT, Bogan RK, Nelson MT, Hughes RJ. Dosing regimen of modafinil for improving daytime wakefulness in patients with narcolepsy. Clin. Neuropharmacol.26, 252–257 (2003).
  • Moldofsky H, Broughton RJ, Hill JD. A randomized trial of the long-term, continued efficacy and safety of modafinil in narcolepsy. Sleep Med.1, 109–116 (2000).
  • Mitler MM, Hirsh J, Hirshkowitz M, Guilleminault C; for the US Modafinil in Narcolepsy Multicenter Study Group. Long-term efficacy and safety of modafinil (PROVIGIL®) for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy. Sleep Med.1, 231–243 (2000).
  • Emsellem HA, Waskington DC and the US Modafinil Study Group. Efficacy and safety profiles of modafinil maintained during long-term (40 and 88 weeks) treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy. Neurology54(7 Suppl. 3), A29–A30 (2000).
  • Hirshkowitz M, Schwartz J, Corser B. Long-term (136 weeks) safety and efficacy of modafinil for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy. Sleep24(Suppl.), A329 (2001).
  • Ivanenko A, Tauman R, Gozal D. Modafinil in the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness in children. Sleep Med.4(6), 579–582 (2003).
  • Mitler MM, Aldrich MS, Koob GF, Zarcone VP. Narcolepsy and its treatment with stimulants. Sleep17(4), 352–371 (1994).
  • Aldrich MS. Narcolepsy. N. Engl. J. Med.323(6), 389–394 (1990).
  • Robinson DM, Keuting GM. Sodium oxybate: a review of its use in the management of narcolepsy. CNS Drugs21(4), 337–354 (2007).
  • US Xyrem Multicenter Study Group. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial comparing the effects of three doses of orally administered sodium oxybate with placebo for the treatment of narcolepsy. Sleep25, 42–49 (2002).
  • US Xyrem Multicenter Study Group. A 12-month, open-label multi-center extension trial of orally administered sodium oxybate for the treatment of narcolepsy. Sleep26, 31–35 (2003).
  • Mamelak M, Black J, Montplasir J. A pilot study on the effects of sodium oxybate on sleep architecture and daytime alertness in narcolepsy. Sleep27, 1327–1334 (2004).
  • The Xyrem International Study Group. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study demonstrates sodium oxybate is effective for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness in narcolepsy. J. Clin. Sleep Med.1, 391–397 (2005).
  • Black J, Houghton WC. Sodium oxybate improves excessive daytime sleepiness in narcolepsy. Sleep29, 939–946 (2006).
  • Stahl S. Essential Psychopharmacology (1st Edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK (2005).
  • Hublin C, Partinen M, Heinonen E, Puuka P, Salmi T. Selegiline in the treatment of narcolepsy. Neurology44, 2095–2101 (1994).
  • Mayer G, Meier-Ewert K. Selegiline hydrochloride treatment in narcolepsy. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Clin. Neuropharmacol.18, 306–319 (1995).
  • Wise MS, Arand DL, Auger RR, Brooks SN, Watson NF; American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Treatment of narcolepsy and other hypersomnias of central origin. Sleep30(12), 1712–1727 (2007).
  • Mullington J, Broughton R. Scheduled naps in the management of daytime sleepiness in narcolepsy–cataplexy. Sleep16, 444–456 (1993).
  • Potter W, Manji HK, Rudorfer MV. Triciclici e tetraciclici. In: The American Psychiatric Press Textbook of Psychopharmacology (2nd Edition). Schatzberg AF, Nemeroff CB (Eds). Italian Edition, Centro Scientifico Editore, Italy 199–218 (2001).
  • Tollefson GD, Rosenbaum JF. Inibitori selettivi della ricaptazione della serotonina. In: The American Psychiatric Press Textbook of Psychopharmacology (Second Edition). Schatzberg AF, Nemeroff CB (Eds). Italian Edition, Centro Scientifico Editore, Italy 219–237 (2001).
  • Billiard M. Narcolepsy: current treatment options and future approaches. Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat.4(3), 557–566 (2008).
  • Hecht M, Lin L, Kushida CA et al. Report of a case of immunosuppression with prednisone in an 8-year-old boy with an acute onset of hypocretin-deficiency narcolepsy. Sleep26(7), 809–810 (2003).
  • Chen W, Black J, Call P, Mignot E. Late-onset narcolepsy presenting as rapidly progressing muscle weakness: response to plasmapheresis. Ann. Neurol.58(3), 489–490 (2005).
  • Lecendreux M, Maret S, Bassetti C, Mouren MC, Tafti M. Clinical efficacy of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulins near the onset of narcolepsy in a 10-year-old boy. J. Sleep Res.12(4), 347–348 (2003).
  • Dauvilliers Y, Carlander B, Touchon J, Tafti M. Successful management of cataplexy with intravenous immunoglobulins at narcolepsy onset. Ann. Neurol.56, 905–908 (2004).
  • Zuberi SM, Mignot E, Ling L, Mcarthur I. Variable response to intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in childhood narcolepsy. J. Sleep Res.13(Suppl. 1), 828 (2004).
  • Plazzi G, Poli F, Franceschini C et al. Intravenous high-dose immunoglobulin treatment in recent onset childhood narcolepsy with cataplexy. J. Neurol.255(10), 1549–1554 (2008).
  • Valko PO, Khatami R, Baumann CR, Bassetti CL. No persistent effect of intravenous immunoglobulins in patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy. J. Neurol.255(12), 1900–1903 (2008).
  • Nishino S, Okuro M. Armodafinil for excessive daytime sleepiness. Drugs Today (Barc.)44(6), 395–414 (2008).
  • Lankford DA. Armodafinil: a new treatment for excessive sleepiness. Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs17(4), 565–573 (2008).

Patent

  • Summary of product characteristics. Modafinil. Patent no.: 5618845 Dompè S.p.A. March (2007).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.