171
Views
49
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Preventing surgical site infections after bariatric surgery: value of perioperative antibiotic regimens

, , , &
Pages 317-328 | Published online: 09 Jan 2014

References

  • Hedley AA, Ogden CL, Johnson CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, Flegal KM. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among US children, adolescents, and adults, 1999–2002. JAMA291(23), 2847–2850 (2004).
  • Calle EE, Teras LR, Thun MJ. Obesity and mortality. N. Engl. J. Med.353(20), 2197–2199 (2005).
  • Wang Y, Beydoun MA, Liang L, Caballero B, Kumanyika SK. Will all Americans become overweight or obese? Estimating the progression and cost of the US obesity epidemic. Obesity (Silver Spring)16(10), 2323–2330 (2008).
  • Greenberg JA, Robinson MK. Surgery: how safe is bariatric surgery? Nat. Rev. Endocrinol.5(12), 645–646 (2009).
  • Wittgrove AC, Martinez T. Laparoscopic gastric bypass in patients 60 years and older: early postoperative morbidity and resolution of comorbidities. Obes. Surg.19(11), 1472–1476 (2009).
  • Adams TD, Gress RE, Smith SC et al. Long-term mortality after gastric bypass surgery. N. Engl. J. Med.357(8), 753–761 (2007).
  • Sjostrom L, Narbro K, Sjostrom CD et al. Effects of bariatric surgery on mortality in Swedish obese subjects. N. Engl. J. Med.357(8), 741–752 (2007).
  • Picot J, Jones J, Colquitt JL et al. The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of bariatric (weight loss) surgery for obesity: a systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technol. Assess.13(41), 1–190, 215–357, III–IV (2009).
  • Smith RL, Bohl JK, McElearney ST et al. Wound infection after elective colorectal resection. Ann. Surg.239(5), 599–605 (2004).
  • Topaloglu S, Avsar FM, Ozel H et al. Comparison of bariatric and non-bariatric elective operations in morbidly obese patients on the basis of wound infection. Obes. Surg.15(9), 1271–1276 (2005).
  • Flum DR, Belle SH, King WC et al. Perioperative safety in the longitudinal assessment of bariatric surgery. N. Engl. J. Med.361(5), 445–454 (2009).
  • Lancaster RT, Hutter MM. Bands and bypasses: 30-day morbidity and mortality of bariatric surgical procedures as assessed by prospective, multi-center, risk-adjusted ACS-NSQIP data. Surg. Endosc.22(12), 2554–2563 (2008).
  • Mangram AJ, Horan TC, Pearson ML, Silver LC, Jarvis WR. Guideline for prevention of surgical site infection, 1999. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. Am. J. Infect. Control27(2), 97–132 (1999).
  • Horan TC, Gaynes RP, Martone WJ, Jarvis WR, Emori TG. CDC definitions of nosocomial surgical site infections, 1992: a modification of CDC definitions of surgical wound infections. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.13(10), 606–608 (1992).
  • Poulsen KB, Bremmelgaard A, Sorensen AI, Raahave D, Petersen JV. Estimated costs of postoperative wound infections. A case-control study of marginal hospital and social security costs. Epidemiol. Infect.113(2), 283–295 (1994).
  • Pittet D, Harbarth S, Ruef C et al. Prevalence and risk factors for nosocomial infections in four university hospitals in Switzerland. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.20(1), 37–42 (1999).
  • Anaya DA, Dellinger EP. The obese surgical patient: a susceptible host for infection. Surg. Infect. (Larchmt)7(5), 473–480 (2006).
  • Christou NV, Jarand J, Sylvestre JL, McLean AP. Analysis of the incidence and risk factors for wound infections in open bariatric surgery. Obes. Surg.14(1), 16–22 (2004).
  • Chopra TCK, Dhar S, Deborah T et al. Epidemiology and outcomes associated with surgical site infection (SSI) following bariatric surgery. Presented at: Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. San Francisco, CA, USA, 12–15 September (2009).
  • Schauer PR, Ikramuddin S, Gourash W, Ramanathan R, Luketich J. Outcomes after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity. Ann. Surg.232(4), 515–529 (2000).
  • Nguyen NT, Goldman C, Rosenquist CJ et al. Laparoscopic versus open gastric bypass: a randomized study of outcomes, quality of life, and costs. Ann. Surg.234(3), 279–289 (2001).
  • Higa KD, Boone KB, Ho T. Complications of the laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: 1,040 patients – what have we learned? Obes. Surg.10(6), 509–513 (2000).
  • Dindo D, Muller MK, Weber M, Clavien PA. Obesity in general elective surgery. Lancet361(9374), 2032–2035 (2003).
  • Myles TD, Gooch J, Santolaya J. Obesity as an independent risk factor for infectious morbidity in patients who undergo cesarean delivery. Obstet. Gynecol.100(5 Pt 1), 959–964 (2002).
  • Kabon B, Nagele A, Reddy D et al. Obesity decreases perioperative tissue oxygenation. Anesthesiology100(2), 274–280 (2004).
  • Fleischmann E, Kurz A, Niedermayr M et al. Tissue oxygenation in obese and non-obese patients during laparoscopy. Obes. Surg.15(6), 813–819 (2005).
  • Czupryniak L, Strzelczyk J, Pawlowski M, Loba J. Mild elevation of fasting plasma glucose is a strong risk factor for postoperative complications in gastric bypass patients. Obes. Surg.14(10), 1393–1397 (2004).
  • Edmiston CE, Krepel C, Kelly H et al. Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in the gastric bypass patient: do we achieve therapeutic levels? Surgery136(4), 738–747 (2004).
  • Gonzalez R, Sarr MG, Smith CD et al. Diagnosis and contemporary management of anastomotic leaks after gastric bypass for obesity. J. Am. Coll. Surg.204(1), 47–55 (2007).
  • Gonzalez R, Nelson LG, Gallagher SF, Murr MM. Anastomotic leaks after laparoscopic gastric bypass. Obes. Surg.14(10), 1299–1307 (2004).
  • Goldfeder LB, Ren CJ, Gill JR. Fatal complications of bariatric surgery. Obes. Surg.16(8), 1050–1056 (2006).
  • Kermarrec N, Marmuse JP, Faivre J et al. High mortality rate for patients requiring intensive care after surgical revision following bariatric surgery. Obes. Surg.18(2), 171–178 (2008).
  • Madan AK, Stoecklein HH, Ternovits CA, Tichansky DS, Phillips JC. Predictive value of upper gastrointestinal studies versus clinical signs for gastrointestinal leaks after laparoscopic gastric bypass. Surg. Endosc.21(2), 194–196 (2007).
  • Seiler CA, Brugger L, Forssmann U, Baer HU, Buchler MW. Conservative surgical treatment of diffuse peritonitis. Surgery127(2), 178–184 (2000).
  • Koperna T, Schulz F. Prognosis and treatment of peritonitis. Do we need new scoring systems? Arch. Surg.131(2), 180–186 (1996).
  • Sapala JA, Wood MH, Schuhknecht MP. Anastomotic leak prophylaxis using a vapor-heated fibrin sealant: report on 738 gastric bypass patients. Obes. Surg.14(1), 35–42 (2004).
  • Angrisani L, Furbetta F, Doldi SB et al. Lap band adjustable gastric banding system: the Italian experience with 1863 patients operated on 6 years. Surg. Endosc.17(3), 409–412 (2003).
  • Cadiere GB, Himpens J, Hainaux B, Gaudissart Q, Favretti S, Segato G. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding. Semin. Laparosc. Surg.9(2), 105–114 (2002).
  • Fabry H, Van Hee R, Hendrickx L, Totte E. A technique for prevention of port complications after laparoscopic adjustable silicone gastric banding. Obes. Surg.12(2), 285–288 (2002).
  • ASHP Therapeutic Guidelines on Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Surgery. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm.56(18), 1839–1888 (1999).
  • Anderson DJ, Kaye KS, Classen D et al. Strategies to prevent surgical site infections in acute care hospitals. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.29(Suppl. 1), S51–S61 (2008).
  • Derzie AJ, Silvestri F, Liriano E, Benotti P. Wound closure technique and acute wound complications in gastric surgery for morbid obesity: a prospective randomized trial. J. Am. Coll. Surg.191(3), 238–243 (2000).
  • Baum ML, Anish DS, Chalmers TC, Sacks HS, Smith H Jr, Fagerstrom RM. A survey of clinical trials of antibiotic prophylaxis in colon surgery: evidence against further use of no-treatment controls. N. Engl. J. Med.305(14), 795–799 (1981).
  • Lewis RT, Allan CM, Goodall RG et al. Cefamandole in gastroduodenal surgery: a controlled, prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Can. J. Surg.25(5), 561–563 (1982).
  • Kreter B, Woods M. Antibiotic prophylaxis for cardiothoracic operations. Meta-analysis of thirty years of clinical trials. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.104(3), 590–599 (1992).
  • Meijer WS, Schmitz PI, Jeekel J. Meta-analysis of randomized, controlled clinical trials of antibiotic prophylaxis in biliary tract surgery. Br. J. Surg.77(3), 283–290 (1990).
  • Barker FG 2nd. Efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics for craniotomy: a meta-analysis. Neurosurgery35(3), 484–490 (1994).
  • Bratzler DW, Houck PM. Antimicrobial prophylaxis for surgery: an advisory statement from the National Surgical Infection Prevention Project. Clin. Infect. Dis.38(12), 1706–1715 (2004).
  • Pichichero ME. A review of evidence supporting the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendation for prescribing cephalosporin antibiotics for penicillin-allergic patients. Pediatrics115(4), 1048–1057 (2005).
  • Wexler HM. Bacteroides: the good, the bad, and the nitty-gritty. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.20(4), 593–621 (2007).
  • Walker AP, Nichols RL, Wilson RF et al. Efficacy of a β-lactamase inhibitor combination for serious intraabdominal infections. Ann. Surg.217(2), 115–121 (1993).
  • Cohn SM, Lipsett PA, Buchman TG et al. Comparison of intravenous/oral ciprofloxacin plus metronidazole versus piperacillin/tazobactam in the treatment of complicated intraabdominal infections. Ann. Surg.232(2), 254–262 (2000).
  • Teppler H, McCarroll K, Gesser RM, Woods GL. Surgical infections with enterococcus: outcome in patients treated with ertapenem versus piperacillin-tazobactam. Surg. Infect. (Larchmt)3(4), 337–349 (2002).
  • Burnett RJ, Haverstock DC, Dellinger EP et al. Definition of the role of enterococcus in intraabdominal infection: analysis of a prospective randomized trial. Surgery118(4), 716–721 (1995).
  • Ohlin B, Cederberg A, Forssell H, Solhaug JH, Tveit E. Piperacillin/tazobactam compared with cefuroxime/metronidazole in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections. Eur. J. Surg.165(9), 875–884 (1999).
  • Bochicchio GV, Baquero F, Hsueh PR et al.In vitro susceptibilities of Escherichia coli isolated from patients with intra-abdominal infections worldwide in 2002–2004: results from SMART (Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends). Surg. Infect. (Larchmt)7(6), 537–545 (2006).
  • Al-Hasan MN, Lahr BD, Eckel-Passow JE, Baddour LM. Antimicrobial resistance trends of Escherichia coli bloodstream isolates: a population-based study, 1998–2007. J. Antimicrob. Chemother.64(1), 169–174 (2009).
  • Baquero F, Hsueh PR, Paterson DL et al.In vitro susceptibilities of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli isolated from patients with intra-abdominal infections worldwide: 2005 results from Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART). Surg. Infect. (Larchmt)10(2), 99–104 (2009).
  • Alexander JW, Rahn R, Goodman HR. Prevention of surgical site infections by an infusion of topical antibiotics in morbidly obese patients. Surg. Infect. (Larchmt)10(1), 53–57 (2009).
  • Alexander JW, Rahn R. Prevention of deep wound infection in morbidly obese patients by infusion of an antibiotic into the subcutaneous space at the time of wound closure. Obes. Surg.14(7), 970–974 (2004).
  • Pai MP, Bearden DT. Antimicrobial dosing considerations in obese adult patients. Pharmacotherapy27(8), 1081–1091 (2007).
  • Pories WJ, van Rij AM, Burlingham BT, Fulghum RS, Meelheim D. Prophylactic cefazolin in gastric bypass surgery. Surgery90(2), 426–432 (1981).
  • Chiba K, Tsuchiya M, Kato J, Ochi K, Kawa Z, Ishizaki T. Cefotiam disposition in markedly obese athlete patients, Japanese sumo wrestlers. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.33(8), 1188–1192 (1989).
  • Yost RL, Derendorf H. Disposition of cefotaxime and its desacetyl metabolite in morbidly obese male and female subjects. Ther. Drug Monit.8(2), 189–194 (1986).
  • Newman D, Scheetz MH, Adeyemi OA et al. Serum piperacillin/tazobactam pharmacokinetics in a morbidly obese individual. Ann. Pharmacother.41(10), 1734–1739 (2007).
  • Chen M, Nafziger AN, Drusano GL, Ma L, Bertino JS Jr. Comparative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic target attainment of ertapenem in normal-weight, obese, and extremely obese adults. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.50(4), 1222–1227 (2006).
  • Bearden DT, Earle SB, McConnell DB, Belle DJ, Kohlhepp SJ. Pharmacokinetics of meropenem in extreme obesity. Presented at: 45th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. Washington, DC, USA, 16–19 December (2005).
  • Korsager S. Administration of gentamicin to obese patients. Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. Toxicol.18(12), 549–553 (1980).
  • Sketris I, Lesar T, Zaske DE, Cipolle RJ. Effect of obesity on gentamicin pharmacokinetics. J. Clin. Pharmacol.21(7), 288–293 (1981).
  • Bauer LA, Edwards WA, Dellinger EP, Simonowitz DA. Influence of weight on aminoglycoside pharmacokinetics in normal weight and morbidly obese patients. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol.24(5), 643–647 (1983).
  • Traynor AM, Nafziger AN, Bertino JS Jr. Aminoglycoside dosing weight correction factors for patients of various body sizes. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.39(2), 545–548 (1995).
  • Leader WG, Tsubaki T, Chandler MH. Creatinine-clearance estimates for predicting gentamicin pharmacokinetic values in obese patients. Am. J. Hosp. Pharm.51(17), 2125–2130 (1994).
  • Blouin RA, Bauer LA, Miller DD, Record KE, Griffen WO Jr. Vancomycin pharmacokinetics in normal and morbidly obese subjects. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.21(4), 575–580 (1982).
  • Allard S, Kinzig M, Boivin G, Sorgel F, LeBel M. Intravenous ciprofloxacin disposition in obesity. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.54(4), 368–373 (1993).
  • Caldwell JB, Nilsen AK. Intravenous ciprofloxacin dosing in a morbidly obese patient. Ann. Pharmacother.28(6), 806 (1994).
  • Hollenstein UM, Brunner M, Schmid R, Muller M. Soft tissue concentrations of ciprofloxacin in obese and lean subjects following weight-adjusted dosing. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord.25(3), 354–358 (2001).
  • Mann HJ, Buchwald H. Cefamandole distribution in serum, adipose tissue, and wound drainage in morbidly obese patients. Drug Intell. Clin. Pharm.20(11), 869–873 (1986).
  • Forse RA, Karam B, MacLean LD, Christou NV. Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgery in morbidly obese patients. Surgery106(4), 750–756 (1989).
  • Vance-Bryan K, Guay DR, Gilliland SS, Rodvold KA, Rotschafer JC. Effect of obesity on vancomycin pharmacokinetic parameters as determined by using a Bayesian forecasting technique. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.37(3), 436–440 (1993).
  • Ducharme MP, Slaughter RL, Edwards DJ. Vancomycin pharmacokinetics in a patient population: effect of age, gender, and body weight. Ther. Drug Monit.16(5), 513–518 (1994).
  • Bauer LA, Black DJ, Lill JS. Vancomycin dosing in morbidly obese patients. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol.54(8), 621–625 (1998).
  • Penzak SR, Gubbins PO, Rodvold KA, Hickerson SL. Therapeutic drug monitoring of vancomycin in a morbidly obese patient. Ther. Drug Monit.20(3), 261–265 (1998).
  • Rybak MJ, Lomaestro BM, Rotscahfer JC et al. Vancomycin therapeutic guidelines: a summary of consensus recommendations from the infectious diseases Society of America, the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, and the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists. Clin. Infect. Dis.49(3), 325–327 (2009).
  • Bratzler DW, Houck PM. Antimicrobial prophylaxis for surgery: an advisory statement from the National Surgical Infection Prevention Project. Am. J. Surg.189(4), 395–404 (2005).
  • Steinberg JP, Braun BI, Hellinger WC et al. Timing of antimicrobial prophylaxis and the risk of surgical site infections: results from the Trial to Reduce Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Errors. Ann. Surg.250(1), 10–16 (2009).
  • Swoboda SM, Merz C, Kostuik J, Trentler B, Lipsett PA. Does intraoperative blood loss affect antibiotic serum and tissue concentrations? Arch. Surg.131(11), 1165–1171 (1996).
  • St Jacques P, Sanders N, Patel N, Talbot TR, Deshpande JK, Higgins M. Improving timely surgical antibiotic prophylaxis redosing administration using computerized record prompts. Surg. Infect. (Larchmt)6(2), 215–221 (2005).
  • Trussell J, Gerkin R, Coates B et al. Impact of a patient care pathway protocol on surgical site infection rates in cardiothoracic surgery patients. Am. J. Surg.196(6), 883–889 (2008).
  • Melling AC, Ali B, Scott EM, Leaper DJ. Effects of preoperative warming on the incidence of wound infection after clean surgery: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet358(9285), 876–880 (2001).
  • Frumin J, Gallagher JC. Allergic cross-sensitivity between penicillin, carbapenem, and monobactam antibiotics: what are the chances? Ann. Pharmacother.43, 304–315 (2009).
  • LEVAQUIN®. Product monograph. Ortho-McNeil-Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. US5053407 (2009).
  • AVELOX®. Product monograph. Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc. US81532312 (2008).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.