118
Views
16
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Metastatic melanoma in the older patient: immunologic insights and treatment outcomes

, , &
Pages 185-193 | Published online: 09 Jan 2014

References

  • Geller AC, Miller DR, Annas GD et al. Melanoma incidence and mortality among US whites, 1969–1999. JAMA288, 1719–1720 (2002).
  • Balch CM, Gershenwald JE, Soong SJ et al. Final version of 2009 AJCC melanoma staging and classification. J. Clin. Oncol.36, 6199–6206 (2009).
  • American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts and Figures 2010. American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA (2010).
  • Marks R. An overview of skin cancers: incidence and causation. Cancer75, 607–612 (1995).
  • Roush GC, McKay L, Holford TR. A reversal in the long-term increase in death attributable to malignant melanoma. Cancer69, 1714–1720 (1992).
  • Seidler AM, Pennie ML, Veledar E, Culler SD, Chen SC. Economic burden of melanoma in the elderly population. Arch. Dermatol.146, 249–256 (2010).
  • Cohen HJ, Cox E, Manton K, Woodbury M. Malignant melanoma in the elderly. J. Clin. Oncol.5, 100–106 (1987).
  • Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Hao Y, Xu J, Thun MJ. Cancer statistics, 2009. CA Cancer J. Clin.59, 225–249 (2009).
  • Chang CK, Jacobs IA, Vizgirda VM, Salti GI. Melanoma in the elderly patient. Arch. Surg.138, 1135–1138 (2003).
  • McMasters KM, Noyes RD, Reintgen DS et al. Sunbelt Melanoma Trial. J. Surg. Oncol.86(4), 212–223 (2004).
  • Chao C, Martin RC 2nd, Ross MI et al. Correlation between prognostic factors and increasing age in melanoma. Ann. Surg. Oncol.11, 259–264 (2004).
  • Ortiz CA, Goodwin JS, Freeman JL. The effect of socioeconomic factors on incidence, stage at diagnosis and survival of cutaneous melanoma. Med. Sci. Monit.11, RA163–RA172 (2005).
  • Reyes Ortiz CA, Freeman JL, Kuo YF, Goodwin JS. The influence of marital status on stage at diagnosis and survival of older persons with melanoma. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci.62, 892–898 (2007).
  • Balch CM, Soong SJ, Gershenwald JE et al. Prognostic factors analysis of 17,600 melanoma patients: validation of the American Joint Committee on Cancer melanoma staging system. J. Clin. Oncol.19, 3622–3634 (2001).
  • Lasithiotakis KG, Petrakis LE, Garbe C. Cutaneous melanoma in the elderly: epidemiology, prognosis and treatment. Mel. Res.20, 163–170 (2010).
  • Ershler WB, Stewart JA, Hacker MP, Moore AL, Tindle BH. B16 murine melanoma and aging: slower growth and longer survival in older mice. J. Natl Cancer Inst.72, 161–164 (1984).
  • Hirayama R, Sato K, Hirokawa K et al. Different metastatic modes of malignant melanoma implanted in the ear of young and old mice. Cancer Immunol. Immunother.18, 209–214 (1984).
  • Kaptzan T, Skutelsky E, Itzhaki O et al. Efficacy of anti-angiogenic treatment of tumors in old versus young mice. Mech. Ageing Dev.127, 398–409 (2006).
  • Brand CU, Ellwanger U, Stroebel W et al. Prolonged survival of 2 years or longer for patients with disseminated melanoma. An analysis of related prognostic factors. Cancer79, 2345–2353 (1997).
  • Eton O, Legha SS, Moon TE et al. Prognostic factors for survival of patients treated systemically for disseminated melanoma. J. Clin. Oncol.16, 1103–1111 (1998).
  • Boon T, Coulie PG, Van den Eynde BJ et al. Human T cell responses against melanoma. Ann. Rev. Immunol.24, 1–34 (2006).
  • Mukherji B, Chakraborty NG, Yamasaki S et al. Induction of antigen-specific cytolytic T cells in situ in human melanoma by immunization with synthetic peptide-pulsed autologous antigen presenting cells. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA92, 8078–8082 (1995).
  • Sakaguchi S, Takahashi T, Nishizuka Y. Study on cellular events in post-thymectomy autoimmune oophoritis in mice. II. Requirement of Lyt-1 cells in normal female mice for the prevention of oophoritis. J. Exp. Med.156, 1577–1586 (1982).
  • Chakraborty NG, Li L, Sporn JR et al. Emergence of regulatory CD4+ T cell response to repetitive stimulation with antigen-presenting cells in vitro: implications in designing antigen-presenting cell-based tumor vaccines. J. Immunol.162, 5576–5583 (1999).
  • Rosenberg SA, Restifo NP, Yang JC, Morgan RA, Dudley ME. Adoptive cell transfer: a clinical path to effective cancer immunotherapy. Nat. Rev.8, 299–308 (2008).
  • Hodi FS, O’Day SJ, McDermott DF et al. Improved survival with ipilimumab in patients with metastatic melanoma. N. Engl. J. Med.363, 711–723 (2010).
  • Pawelec G, Solana R, Remarque E, Mariani E. Impact of aging on innate immunity. J. Leukoc. Biol.64, 703–712 (1998).
  • Aspinall R. Age-related changes in the function of T cells. Micro Res. Tech.62, 508–513 (2003).
  • Grolleau-Julius A, Garg MR, Mo R, Yung RL. Effect of aging on bone marrow-derived murine CD11c+CD4-CD8α- dendritic cell function. J. Gerontol. Biol. Sci.61A, 1039–1047 (2006).
  • Hegde UP, Chakraborty N, Kerr P, Grant-Kels JM. Melanoma in the elderly patient. Clin. Dermatol.27, 537–544 (2009).
  • Christenson B, Pauksen K, Sylvan PE. Effect of influenza and pneumococcal vaccines in elderly persons in years of low influenza activity. Virol. J.5, 1–9 (2008).
  • Fisman DN, Abrutyn E, Spaude KA, Kim A, Kirchner C, Daley J. Prior pneumococcal vaccination is associated with reduced death, complications, and length of stay among hospitalized adults with community-acquired pneumonia. Clin. Infect. Dis.42, 1093–1101 (2006).
  • Atzpodien J, Wandert T, Reitz M. Age does not impair the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol.55, 193–199 (2005).
  • Quan W Jr, Ramirez M, Taylor C et al. Administration of high-dose continuous infusion interleukin-2 to patients age 70 or over. Cancer Biother. Radiopharm.20, 11–15 (2005).
  • Tagawa ST, Cheung E, Banta W, Gee C, Weber JS. Survival analysis after resection of metastatic disease followed by peptide vaccines in patients with stage IV melanoma. Cancer106, 1353–1357 (2006).
  • Ribas A, Camacho LH, Lopez-Berestein G. et al. Anti-tumor activity in melanoma and anti-self responses in a Phase I trial with the anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 monoclonal antibody CP-675,206. J. Clin. Oncol.23, 8968–8977 (2005).
  • Marshall J, Forester TH, Purdie DM et al. Immunological characteristics correlating with clinical response to immunotherapy in patients with advanced metastatic melanoma. Immunol. Cell Biol.84, 295–302 (2006).
  • Hakim FT, Flomerfelt FA, Boyiadzis M, Gress RE. Aging, immunity and cancer. Curr. Opin. Immunol.16, 151–156 (2004).
  • Tsaknaridis L, Spencer L, Culbertson N et al. Functional assay for human CD4+CD25+ Tregs cells reveals an age-dependent loss of suppressive activity. J. Neurosci. Res.74, 296–308 (2003).
  • Gregg R, Smith CM, Clark FJ et al. The number of human peripheral blood CD4+CD25high regulatory T cells increases with age. Clin. Exp. Immunol.140, 1365–2249 (2005).
  • Hegde UP, Chhabra A, Chakraborty NG. Lack of Tregs cell function and melanoma tumor antigen-specific responses in some elderly patients. Presented at: 99th Annual Meeting of American Association of Cancer Research. San Diego, CA, USA, 12–16 April 2008.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.