Smoking cessation through the utilization of pharmacotherapy

References

• Kaper J, Wagena EJ, Severens JL, Van Schayck CP. Healthcare financing systems for increasing the use of tobacco dependence treatment. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.1, CD004305 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Cromwell J, Bartosch WJ, Fiore MC, Hasselblad V, Baker T. Cost–effectiveness of the clinical practice recommendations in the AHCPR guideline for smoking cessation. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research. JAMA278(21), 1759–1766 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cornuz J, Gilbert A, Pinget C et al. Cost–effectiveness of pharmacotherapies for nicotine dependence in primary care settings: a multinational comparison. Tob. Control15(3), 152–159 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doll R, Peto R, Boreham J, Sutherland I. Mortality in relation to smoking: 50 years’ observations on male British doctors. BMJ328(7455), 1519 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CDC. Cigarette smoking among adults – United States, 2007. MMWR57, 1221–1226 (2008).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mokdad AH, Marks JS, Stroup DF, Gerberding JL. Actual causes of death in the United States, 2000. JAMA291(10), 1238–1245 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• US Department of Health and Human Services. Reducing Tobacco Use. A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, Georgia: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health (2000).
   Google Scholar
• Prochaska JO, Velicer WF, Fava JL, Rossi JS, Tsoh JY. Evaluating a population-based recruitment approach and a stage-based expert system intervention for smoking cessation. Addict. Behav.26(4), 583–602 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cigarette smoking among adults – United States, 2002. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep.53(20), 427–431 (2004).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hughes JR, Keely J, Naud S. Shape of the relapse curve and long-term abstinence among untreated smokers. Addiction99(1), 29–38 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiore MC, Jaen CR, Baker TB et al.Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence: 2008 Update. US Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service, Rockville, MD, USA (2008).
   Google Scholar
• Browning KK, Ferketich AK, Salsberry PJ, Wewers ME. Socioeconomic disparity in provider-delivered assistance to quit smoking. Nicotine Tob. Res.10(1), 55–61 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferketich AK, Khan Y, Wewers ME. Are physicians asking about tobacco use and assisting with cessation? Results from the 2001–2004 national ambulatory medical care survey (NAMCS). Prev. Med.43(6), 472–476 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stead LF, Perera R, Bullen C, Mant D, Lancaster T. Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.1, CD000146 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes JR, Stead LF, Lancaster T. Antidepressants for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.1, CD000031 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cahill K, Stead LF, Lancaster T. Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.1, CD006103 (2007).
   Google Scholar
• Tonnesen P. Which drug to be used in smoking cessation? Polskie archiwum medycyny wewnetrznej118(6), 373–376 (2008).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ossip DJ, Abrams SM, Mahoney MC, Sall D, Cummings KM. Adverse effects with use of nicotine replacement therapy among quitline clients. Nicotine Tob. Res.11(4), 408–417 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hurt RD, Offord KP, Croghan IT et al. Temporal effects of nicotine nasal spray and gum on nicotine withdrawal symptoms. Psychopharmacology140(1), 98–104 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warner DO. Preoperative smoking cessation: the role of the primary care provider. Mayo Clin. Proc.80(2), 252–258 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reid RD, Pipe AL, Quinlan B. Promoting smoking cessation during hospitalization for coronary artery disease. Can. J. Cardiol.22(9), 775–780 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker A, Richmond R, Haile M et al. A randomized controlled trial of a smoking cessation intervention among people with a psychotic disorder. Am. J. Psychiatry163(11), 1934–1942 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joseph AM, Norman SM, Ferry LH et al. The safety of transdermal nicotine as an aid to smoking cessation in patients with cardiac disease. N. Engl. J. Med.335(24), 1792–1798 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molyneux A, Lewis S, Leivers U et al. Clinical trial comparing nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) plus brief counselling, brief counselling alone, and minimal intervention on smoking cessation in hospital inpatients. Thorax58(6), 484–488 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perkins KA, Scott J. Sex differences in long-term smoking cessation rates due to nicotine patch. Nicotine Tob. Res.10(7), 1245–1250 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cepeda-Benito A, Reynoso JT, Erath S. Meta-analysis of the efficacy of nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation: differences between men and women. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol.72(4), 712–722 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stapleton JA. Breaking away from a narrow prescribing protocol for medicinal nicotine. Addiction103(4), 564–565 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shiffman S, Ferguson SG. Nicotine patch therapy prior to quitting smoking: a meta-analysis. Addiction103(4), 557–563 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rose JE, Herskovic JE, Behm FM, Westman EC. Precessation treatment with nicotine patch significantly increases abstinence rates relative to conventional treatment. Nicotine Tob. Res.11(9), 1067–1075 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thornley S, McRobbie H, Lin RB et al. A single-blind, randomized, crossover trial of the effects of a nicotine pouch on the relief of tobacco withdrawal symptoms and user satisfaction. Nicotine Tob. Res.11(6), 715–721 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolliger CT, van Biljon X, Axelsson A. A nicotine mouth spray for smoking cessation: a pilot study of preference, safety and efficacy. Respiration74(2), 196–201 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lerman C, Shields PG, Wileyto EP et al. Effects of dopamine transporter and receptor polymorphisms on smoking cessation in a bupropion clinical trial. Health Psychol.22(5), 541–548 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cryan JF, Bruijnzeel AW, Skjei KL, Markou A. Bupropion enhances brain reward function and reverses the affective and somatic aspects of nicotine withdrawal in the rat. Psychopharmacology168(3), 347–358 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnston JA, Fiedler-Kelly J, Glover ED et al. Relationship between drug exposure and the efficacy and safety of bupropion sustained release for smoking cessation. Nicotine Tob. Res.3(2), 131–140 (2001).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hurt RD, Wolter TD, Rigotti N et al. Bupropion for pharmacologic relapse prevention to smoking: predictors of outcome. Addict. Behav.27(4), 493–507 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnston AJ, Ascher J, Leadbetter R et al. Pharmacokinetic optimisation of sustained-release bupropion for smoking cessation. Drugs62(Suppl. 2), 11–24 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilkes S. The use of bupropion SR in cigarette smoking cessation. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis.3(1), 45–53 (2008).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• The smoking cessation aids varenicline (marketed as Chantix) and bupropion (marketed as Zyban and Generics). In: Drug Safety Newsletter, Volume 2, No. 1. Bonnel RA (Ed.). US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, USA 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Beyens MN, Guy C, Mounier G, Laporte S, Ollagnier M. Serious adverse reactions of bupropion for smoking cessation: analysis of the French Pharmacovigilance Database from 2001 to 2004. Drug Saf.31(11), 1017–1026 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coe JW, Brooks PR, Vetelino MG et al. Varenicline: an α4β2 nicotinic receptor partial agonist for smoking cessation. J. Med. Chem.48(10), 3474–3477 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Obach RS, Reed-Hagen AE, Krueger SS et al. Metabolism and disposition of varenicline, a selective α4β2 acetylcholine receptor partial agonist, in vivo and in vitro. Drug Metab. Dispos.34(1), 121–130 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonzales D, Rennard SI, Nides M et al. Varenicline, an α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist, vs sustained-release bupropion and placebo for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA296(1), 47–55 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jorenby DE, Hays JT, Rigotti NA et al. Efficacy of varenicline, an α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist, vs placebo or sustained-release bupropion for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA296(1), 56–63 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chantix, product information. Pfizer, NY, USA.
   Google Scholar
• Potts LA, Garwood CL. Varenicline: the newest agent for smoking cessation. Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm.64(13), 1381–1384 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams KE, Reeves KR, Billing CB Jr, Pennington AM, Gong J. A double-blind study evaluating the long-term safety of varenicline for smoking cessation. Curr. Med. Res. Opin.23(4), 793–801 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tonstad S, Tonnesen P, Hajek P et al. Effect of maintenance therapy with varenicline on smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA296(1), 64–71 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stapleton JA, Watson L, Spirling LI et al. Varenicline in the routine treatment of tobacco dependence: a pre-post comparison with nicotine replacement therapy and an evaluation in those with mental illness. Addiction103(1), 146–154 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garrison GD, Dugan SE. Varenicline: a first-line treatment option for smoking cessation. Clin. Ther.31(3), 463–491 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nides M, Oncken C, Gonzales D et al. Smoking cessation with varenicline, a selective α4β2 nicotinic receptor partial agonist: results from a 7-week, randomized, placebo- and bupropion-controlled trial with 1-year follow-up. Arch. Intern. Med.166(15), 1561–1568 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hays JT, Ebbert JO, Sood A. Efficacy and safety of varenicline for smoking cessation. Am. J. Med.121(4 Suppl. 1), S32–S42 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuehn BM. Studies linking smoking-cessation drug with suicide risk spark concerns. JAMA301(10), 1007–1008 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spirling LI, Stapleton JA, Sutherland G. Suicidal ideation and varenicline: a possible case of mistaken adverse drug reaction? J. Clin. Psychiatry69(11), 1834–1835 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stapleton J. Do the 10 UK suicides among those taking the smoking cessation drug varenicline suggest a causal link? Addiction104(5), 864–865 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shah SD, Wilken LA, Winkler SR, Lin SJ. Systematic review and meta-analysis of combination therapy for smoking cessation. J. Am. Pharm. Assoc. (2003)48(5), 659–665 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evins AE, Culhane MA, Alpert JE et al. A controlled trial of bupropion added to nicotine patch and behavioral therapy for smoking cessation in adults with unipolar depressive disorders. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol.28(6), 660–666 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strong DR, Kahler CW, Leventhal AM et al. Impact of bupropion and cognitive-behavioral treatment for depression on positive affect, negative affect, and urges to smoke during cessation treatment. Nicotine Tob. Res. (2009) (Epub ahead of print).
   Google Scholar
• Ebbert JO, Burke MV, Hays JT, Hurt RD. Combination treatment with varenicline and nicotine replacement therapy. Nicotine Tob. Res.11(5), 572–576 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ebbert JO, Croghan IT, Sood A et al. Varenicline and bupropion sustained-release combination therapy for smoking cessation. Nicotine Tob. Res.11(3), 234–239 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hajek P, Stead LF, West R, Jarvis M, Lancaster T. Relapse prevention interventions for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.1, CD003999 (2009).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Covey LS, Glassman AH, Jiang H et al. A randomized trial of bupropion and/or nicotine gum as maintenance treatment for preventing smoking relapse. Addiction102(8), 1292–1302 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Croghan IT, Hurt RD, Dakhil SR et al. Randomized comparison of a nicotine inhaler and bupropion for smoking cessation and relapse prevention. Mayo Clin. Proc.82(2), 186–195 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kroon LA. Drug interactions with smoking. Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm.64(18), 1917–1921 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffmann D, Hoffmann I. The changing cigarette, 1950–1995. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health50(4), 307–364 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zevin S, Benowitz NL. Drug interactions with tobacco smoking. An update. Clin. Pharmacokinet.36(6), 425–438 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burkman R, Schlesselman JJ, Zieman M. Safety concerns and health benefits associated with oral contraception. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.190(4 Suppl.), S5–S22 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faber MS, Fuhr U. Time response of cytochrome P450 1A2 activity on cessation of heavy smoking. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.76(2), 178–184 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levy DE. Employer-sponsored insurance coverage of smoking cessation treatments. Am. J. Manag. Care12(9), 553–562 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vogt F, Hall S, Marteau TM. Understanding why smokers do not want to use nicotine dependence medications to stop smoking: qualitative and quantitative studies. Nicotine Tob. Res.10(8), 1405–1413 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schnoll RA, Patterson F, Wileyto EP et al. Nicotine metabolic rate predicts successful smoking cessation with transdermal nicotine: a validation study. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav.92(1), 6–11 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lerman C, Tyndale R, Patterson F et al. Nicotine metabolite ratio predicts efficacy of transdermal nicotine for smoking cessation. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.79(6), 600–608 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patterson F, Schnoll RA, Wileyto EP et al. Toward personalized therapy for smoking cessation: a randomized placebo-controlled trial of bupropion. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.84(3), 320–325 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epstein RS. What’s needed for personalized therapy in smoking cessation. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.84(3), 309–310 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Croghan IT, Ebbert JO, Hurt RD et al. Gender differences among smokers receiving interventions for tobacco dependence in a medical setting. Addict. Behav.34(1), 61–67 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bader P, McDonald P, Selby P. An algorithm for tailoring pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation: results from a Delphi panel of international experts. Tob. Control18(1), 34–42 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NIH State-of-the-Science Panel. National Institutes of Health State-of-the-Science conference statement: tobacco use: prevention, cessation, and control. Ann. Intern. Med.145(11), 839–844 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halpin HA, McMenamin SB, Cella CA, Husten CG, Rosenthal A. State Medicaid coverage for tobacco-dependence treatment – United States, 2005. JAMA296, 2917–2919 (2006).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McPhillips-Tangum C, Bocchino C, Carreon R, Erceg C, Rehm B. Addressing tobacco in managed care: results of the 2002 survey. Prev. Chronic Dis.1(4), A04 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Warner KE, Mendez D, Smith DG. The financial implications of coverage of smoking cessation treatment by managed care organizations. Inquiry41(1), 57–69 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reda AA, Kaper J, Fikrelter H, Severens JL, van Schayck CP. Healthcare financing systems for increasing the use of tobacco dependence treatment. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.2, CD004305 (2009).
   Google Scholar
• Gollust SE, Schroeder SA, Warner KE. Helping smokers quit: understanding the barriers to utilization of smoking cessation services. Milbank Q86(4), 601–627 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bansal MA, Cummings KM, Hyland A, Giovino GA. Stop-smoking medications: who uses them, who misuses them, and who is misinformed about them? Nicotine Tob. Res.6(Suppl. 3), S303–S310 (2004).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schroeder SA. What to do with a patient who smokes. JAMA294(4), 482–487 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vogt F, Hall S, Marteau TM. General practitioners’ and family physicians’ negative beliefs and attitudes towards discussing smoking cessation with patients: a systematic review. Addiction100(10), 1423–1431 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kreuter MW, Chheda SG, Bull FC. How does physician advice influence patient behavior? Evidence for a priming effect. Arch. Fam. Med.9(5), 426–433 (2000).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Demers RY, Neale AV, Adams R, Trembath C, Herman SC. The impact of physicians’ brief smoking cessation counseling: a MIRNET study. J. Fam. Pract.31(6), 625–629 (1990).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Searight R. Realistic approaches to counseling in the office setting. Am. Fam. Physician79(4), 277–284 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer C, Ulbricht S, Baumeister SE et al. Proactive interventions for smoking cessation in general medical practice: a quasi-randomized controlled trial to examine the efficacy of computer-tailored letters and physician-delivered brief advice. Addiction103(2), 294–304 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tashkin DP, Murray RP. Smoking cessation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir. Med.103(7), 963–974 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parkes G, Greenhalgh T, Griffin M, Dent R. Effect on smoking quit rate of telling patients their lung age: the Step2quit randomised controlled trial. BMJ336(7644), 598–600 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cornuz J, Willi C. Nonpharmacological smoking cessation interventions in clinical practice. Eur. Respir. Rev.17(110), 187–191 (2008).
   Google Scholar
• Kahende JW, Loomis BR, Adhikari B, Marshall L. A review of economic evaluations of tobacco control programs. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health6(1), 51–68 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lerman C, Jepson C, Wileyto EP et al. Role of functional genetic variation in the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) in response to bupropion and nicotine replacement therapy for tobacco dependence: results of two randomized clinical trials. Neuropsychopharmacology31(1), 231–242 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ending the Tobacco Problem: A Blueprint for the Nation. Bonnie RJ, Stratton K, Wallace R (Eds). Institute of Medicine, The National Academies Press, Washington, DC, USA (2007).
   Google Scholar
• Shiffman S, Dresler CM, Hajek P et al. Efficacy of a nicotine lozenge for smoking cessation. Arch. Intern. Med.162(11), 1267–1276 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar