European Vaccine Initiative: lessons from developing malaria vaccines

References

• Hotez PJ, Fenwick A, Savioli L, Molyneux DH. Rescuing the bottom billion through control of neglected tropical diseases. Lancet373(9674), 1570–1575 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breman JG, Egan A, Keusch GT. The intolerable burden of malaria: a new look at the numbers. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.64(Suppl. 1–2), iv–vii (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roca-Feltrer A, Carneiro I, Armstrong Schellenberg JR. Estimates of the burden of malaria morbidity in Africa in children under the age of 5 years. Trop. Med. Int. Health13(6), 771–783 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thwing J, Eisele TP, Steketee RW. Protective efficacy of malaria case management and intermittent preventive treatment for preventing malaria mortality in children: a systematic review for the lives saved tool. BMC Pub. Health11(Suppl. 3), S14 (2011).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• O’Meara WP, Bejon P, Mwangi TW et al. Effect of a fall in malaria transmission on morbidity and mortality in Kilifi, Kenya. Lancet372(9649), 1555–1562 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A research agenda for malaria eradication: vaccines. PLoS Med.8(1), e1000398 (2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alonso PL, Sacarlal J, Aponte JJ et al. Duration of protection with RTS,S/AS02A malaria vaccine in prevention of Plasmodium falciparum disease in Mozambican children: single-blind extended follow-up of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet366(9502), 2012–2018 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen J, Nussenzweig V, Nussenzweig R, Vekemans J, Leach A. From the circumsporozoite protein to the RTS,S/AS candidate vaccine. Hum. Vaccines6(1), 90–96 (2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Regules JA, Cummings JF, Ockenhouse CF. The RTS,S vaccine candidate for malaria. Expert Rev. Vaccines10(5), 589–599 (2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenwood B, Targett G. The mysteries of immunity to malaria. Lancet377(9779), 1729–1730 (2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crompton PD, Pierce SK, Miller LH. Advances and challenges in malaria vaccine development. J. Clin. Invest.120(12), 4168–4178 (2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doolan DL, Dobano C, Baird JK. Acquired immunity to malaria. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.22(1), 13–36 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imoukhuede EB, Ventura R, Imbault N, Van Schooten H, Leroy O. European Malaria vaccine initiative: portfolio and perspectives for the future. Hum. Vaccin.6(1), 146–150 (2009).
   Google Scholar
• Roestenberg M, Remarque E, De Jonge E et al. Safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant Plasmodium falciparum AMA1 malaria vaccine adjuvanted with Alhydrogel, Montanide ISA 720 or AS02. PLoS One3(12), e3960 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osier FH, Weedall GD, Verra F et al. Allelic diversity and naturally acquired allele-specific antibody responses to Plasmodium falciparum apical membrane antigen 1 in Kenya. Infect. Immun.78(11), 4625–4633 (2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ouattara A, Mu J, Takala-Harrison S et al. Lack of allele-specific efficacy of a bivalent AMA1 malaria vaccine. Malar. J.9, 175 (2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Theisen M, Soe S, Brunstedt K et al. A Plasmodium falciparum GLURP–MSP3 chimeric protein; expression in Lactococcus lactis, immunogenicity and induction of biologically active antibodies. Vaccine22(9–10), 1188–1198 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esen M, Kremsner PG, Schleucher R et al. Safety and immunogenicity of GMZ2 – a MSP3–GLURP fusion protein malaria vaccine candidate. Vaccine27(49), 6862–6868 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mordmuller B, Szywon K, Greutelaers B et al. Safety and immunogenicity of the malaria vaccine candidate GMZ2 in malaria-exposed, adult individuals from Lambarene, Gabon. Vaccine28(41), 6698–6703 (2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porter DW TF, Berthoud TK, Hutchings CL et al. A human Phase 1/2a malaria challenge trial of a polyprotein malaria vaccine. Vaccine29(43), 7514–7522 (2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olugbile S, Habel C, Servis C, Spertini F, Verdini A, Corradin G. Malaria vaccines – the long synthetic peptide approach: technical and conceptual advancements. Curr. Opin. Mol. Ther.12(1), 64–76 (2010).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sirima SB, Cousens S, Druilhe P. Protection against malaria by MSP3 candidate vaccine. N. Engl. J. Med.365(11), 1062–1064 (2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sirima SB, Tiono AB, Ouedraogo A et al. Safety and immunogenicity of the malaria vaccine candidate MSP3 long synthetic peptide in 12–24 months-old Burkinabe children. PLoS One4(10), e7549 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Remarque EJ, Faber BW, Kocken CH, Thomas AW. Apical membrane antigen 1: a malaria vaccine candidate in review. Trends Parasitol.24(2), 74–84 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craig AG, Holder AA, Leroy OY, Ventura RA. Malaria vaccines – how and when to proceed? Trends Parasitol.25(12), 535–537 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Villard V, Agak GW, Frank G et al. Rapid identification of malaria vaccine candidates based on α-helical coiled coil protein motif. PLoS One2(7), e645 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olugbile S, Villard V, Bertholet S et al. Malaria vaccine candidate: design of a multivalent subunit α-helical coiled coil poly-epitope. Vaccine29(40), 7090–7099 (2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pattnaik P, Shakri AR, Singh S, Goel S, Mukherjee P, Chitnis CE. Immunogenicity of a recombinant malaria vaccine based on receptor binding domain of Plasmodium falciparum EBA-175. Vaccine25(5), 806–813 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richards JS, Stanisic DI, Fowkes FJ et al. Association between naturally acquired antibodies to erythrocyte-binding antigens of Plasmodium falciparum and protection from malaria and high-density parasitemia. Clin. Infect. Dis.51(8), e50–e60 (2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill AV, Reyes-Sandoval A, O’Hara G et al. Prime–boost vectored malaria vaccines: progress and prospects. Hum. Vaccin.6(1), 78–83 (2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reyes-Sandoval A, Sridhar S, Berthoud T et al. Single-dose immunogenicity and protective efficacy of simian adenoviral vectors against Plasmodium berghei. Eur. J. Immunol.38(3), 732–741 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moorthy VS, Ballou WR. Immunological mechanisms underlying protection mediated by RTS,S: a review of the available data. Malar. J.8, 312 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunachie SJ, Walther M, Epstein JE et al. A DNA prime-modified vaccinia virus ankara boost vaccine encoding thrombospondin-related adhesion protein but not circumsporozoite protein partially protects healthy malaria-naive adults against Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite challenge. Infect. Immun.74(10), 5933–5942 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheehy SH, Duncan CJ, Elias SC et al. Phase 1a clinical evaluation of the Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage antigen MSP1 in ChAd63 and MVA vaccine vectors. Mol. Ther. doi:10.1038/mt.2011.176 (2011) (Epub ahead of print).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• O’Hara GA, Duncan CJA, Ewer KJ et al. Clinical assessment of a recombinant simian adenovirus chad63: a potent new vaccine vector. J. Infect. Dis. (2011) (In Press).
   Google Scholar
• Moorthy VS, Kieny MP. Reducing empiricism in malaria vaccine design. Lancet Infect. Dis.10(3), 204–211 (2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavanagh DR, Dubois PM, Holtel A et al. Towards validated assays for key immunological outcomes in malaria vaccine development. Vaccine29(17), 3093–3095 (2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kisser A, Heininger U, Moorthy VS, Akanmori BD, Leroy O. Addressing the needs and gaps in safety assessment of vaccines during clinical trials in resource limited countries. Vaccine29(24), 4173–4174 (2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thogersen RL, Holder AA, Hill AV, Arnot DE, Imoukhuede EB, Leroy O. Comparative decline in funding of European Commission malaria vaccine projects: what next for the European scientists working in this field? Malar. J.10(1), 255 (2011).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Olotu A, Lusingu J, Leach A et al. Efficacy of RTS,S/AS01E malaria vaccine and exploratory analysis on anti-circumsporozoite antibody titres and protection in children aged 5–17 months in Kenya and Tanzania: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Infect. Dis.11(2), 102–109 (2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roestenberg M, Mccall M, Hopman J et al. Protection against a malaria challenge by sporozoite inoculation. N. Engl. J. Med.361(5), 468–477 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mueller AK, Labaied M, Kappe SH, Matuschewski K. Genetically modified Plasmodium parasites as a protective experimental malaria vaccine. Nature433(7022), 164–167 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epstein JE, Tewari K, Lyke KE et al. Live attenuated malaria vaccine designed to protect through hepatic CD8+ T cell immunity. Science334(6055), 475–480 (2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaughan AM, Wang R, Kappe SH. Genetically engineered, attenuated whole-cell vaccine approaches for malaria. Hum. Vaccin.6(1), 107–113 (2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar