255
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Pneumococcal vaccination among adults with chronic respiratory diseases: a historical overview

&
Pages 221-236 | Published online: 09 Jan 2014

References

  • Ortqvist A, Hedlund J, Kalin M. Streptococcus pneumoniae: epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical features. Semin. Respir. Crit. Care Med.26, 563–574 (2005).
  • Kyaw MH, Rose CE Jr, Fry AM et al. The influence of chronic illnesses on the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in adults. J. Infect. Dis.192, 377–386 (2005).
  • Kalin M, Örtqvist A, Almela M et al. Prospective study of prognostic factors in community-acquired bacteremic pneumococcal disease in 5 countries. J. Infect. Dis.182, 840–847 (2000).
  • Baddour LM, Yu VL, Klugman KP et al. International Pneumococcal Study Group. Combination antibiotic therapy lowers mortality among severely ill patients with pneumococcal bacteremia. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.170, 440–444 (2004).
  • Feikin DR, Schuchat A, Kolczak M et al. Mortality from invasive pneumococcal pneumonia in the era of antibiotic resistance, 1995–1997. Am. J. Public Health90, 223–229 (2000).
  • Torres A, Dorca J, Zalacaín R et al. Community-acquired pneumonia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A Spanish multicenter study. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.154, 1456–1461 (1996).
  • Nuorti JP, Butler JC, Farley MM et al. The Active Bacterial Core Surveillance Team. Cigarette smoking and invasive pneumococcal disease. N. Engl. J. Med.342, 681–689 (2000).
  • COPD Guidelines Group of the Standards of Care Committee of the BTS. BTS guidelines for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax52, S7–S15 (1997).
  • Mandell LA, Wunderink RG, Anzueto A et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Clin. Infect. Dis.44(Suppl. 2), S27–S72 (2007).
  • Murtagh E, Heaney L, Gingles J et al. Prevalence of obstructive lung disease in a general population sample: the NICECOPD study. Eur. J. Epidemiol.20, 443–453 (2005).
  • Gaillat J. Should patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease be vaccinated against pneumococcal diseases? Expert Rev. Respir. Med.3(6), 585–596 (2009).
  • National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. NIH Publication No. 2701. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA (2001).
  • Jackson L, Neuzil K, Yu O et al. Effectiveness of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in older adults. N. Engl. J. Med.348(18), 1747–1755 (2003).
  • Vila-Corcoles A, Ochoa-Gondar O, Hospital I et al. Protective effects of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in the elderly population: the EVAN-65 study. Clin. Infect. Dis.43, 860–868 (2006).
  • Ochoa-Gondar O, Vila-Corcoles A, Ansa X et al. Effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination in older adults with chronic respiratory diseases: results of the EVAN-65 study. Vaccine26, 1955–1962 (2008).
  • Lieberman D, Gelfer Y, Varshavsky R, Dvoskin B, Leinonen M, Friedman MG. Pneumonic vs nonpneumonic acute exacerbations of COPD. Chest122(4), 1264–1270 (2002).
  • Restrepo MI, Mortensen EM, Pugh JA, Anzueto A. COPD is associated with increased mortality in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Eur. Resp. J.28, 346–351 (2008).
  • Ko FW, Ip M, Chan PK, Ng SS, Chau SS, Hui DS. A one year-prospective study of infectious etiology in patients hospitalized with acute exacerbations of COPD and concomitant pneumonia. Resp. Med.102, 1109–1116 (2008).
  • Alfageme I, Vazquez R, Reyes N et al. Clinical efficacy of anti-pneumococcal vaccination in patients with COPD. Thorax61, 189–195 (2006).
  • Molinos L, Clemente MG, Miranda B et al. ASTURPAR Group. Community-acquired pneumonia in patients with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J. Infect.58(6), 417–424 (2009).
  • National Institute of Clinical Excellence. COPD: national clinical guideline on management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults in primary and secondary care. Thorax59(Suppl. 1), S181–S272 (2004).
  • Papi A, Bellettato CM, Braccioni F et al. Infections and airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severe exacerbations. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.173(10), 1114–1121 (2006).
  • Sethi S. Infectious etiology of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Chest117(Suppl. 2), S380–S385 (2000).
  • Saint S, Flaherty KR, Abrahamse P, Martinez FJ, Fendrick AM. Acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: disease-specific issues that influence the cost–effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy. Clin. Ther.23, 499–512 (2001).
  • Bogaert D, Van der Valk P, Ramdin R et al. Host–pathogen interaction during pneumococcal infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Infect. Immun.72(2), 818–823 (2004).
  • Black PN, McDonald CF. Interventions to reduce the frequency of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Postgrad. Med. J.85(1001), 141–147 (2009).
  • Varkey JB, Varkey AB, Varkey B. Prophylactic vaccinations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: current status. Curr. Opin. Pulm. Med.15(2), 90–928 (2009).
  • Poole PJ, Chacko E, Wood-Baker RW, Cates CJ. Influenza vaccine for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Cochrane review). Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.4, CD002733 (2009).
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevention of pneumococcal disease: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practice (ACIP). MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep.46(RR-8), 1–24 (1997).
  • Hausdorff WP, Feikin DR, Klugman KP. Epidemiological differences among pneumococcal serotypes. Lancet Infect. Dis.5, 83–93 (2005).
  • Fedson DS, Musher DM. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. In: Vaccines (4th Edition). Plotkin SA, Orenstein WA (Eds). Saunders, PA, USA, 529–588 (2003).
  • Abraham-Van Parijs B. Review of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in adults: implications on clinical development. Vaccine22, 1362–1371 (2004).
  • Tai SS. Streptococcus pneumoniae protein vaccine candidates: properties, activities and animal studies. Crit. Rev. Microbiol.32, 139–153 (2006).
  • Watson DA, Musher DM. A brief history of the pneumococcus in biomedical research. Semin. Respir. Infect.14(3), 198–208 (1999).
  • Felton L, Baily G. Biologic significance of the soluble specific substance of pneumococci. J. Infect. Dis.38, 131–144 (1926).
  • Smillie W, Warnock G, White H. A study of a type I pneumococcus epidemic at the state hospital in Worcester, MA. Am. J. Public Health28, 293– 302 (1938).
  • Kaufman P. Pneumonia in old age: active immunization against pneumonia with pneumococcus polysaccharide: results of a six year study. Arch. Intern. Med.79, 518–531 (1947).
  • Austrian R. Pneumococcus: the first one hundred years. Rev. Infect. Dis.3(2), 183–189 (1981).
  • Smit P, Oberholzer D, Hayden-Smith S, Koornhof H, Hilleman M. Protective efficacy of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines. JAMA238, 2613–2616 (1977).
  • Austrian R, Douglas RM, Schiffman G et al. Prevention of pneumococcal pneumonia by vaccination. Trans. Assoc. Am. Physic.89, 184–194 (1976).
  • Sankilampi U, Honkanen PO, Bloigu A, Herva E, Leinonen M. Antibody response to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine in the elderly. J. Infect. Dis.173, 387–393 (1996).
  • Artz AS, Ershler WB, Longo DL. Pneumococcal vaccination and revaccination of older adults. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.16, 308–318 (2003).
  • Musher DM, Manoff SB, McFetridge RD et al. Antibody persistence ten years after first and second doses of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, and immunogenicity and safety of second and third doses in older adults. Hum. Vaccin.7, 919–928 (2011).
  • Leech JA, Gervais A, Ruben FL. Efficacy of pneumococcal vaccine in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. CMAJ136, 361–365 (1987).
  • Musher D, Luchi MJ, Watson DA, Hamilton R, Baughn RE. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in young adults and olders bronchitics: determination of IgG responses by ELISA and the effect of adsorption of serum with non-type-specific cell wall polysaccharide. J. Infect. Dis.161, 728–735 (1990).
  • Rubins JB, Puri AK, Loch J et al. Magnitude, duration, quality and function of pneumococcal vaccine responses in elderly adults. J. Infect. Dis.178, 431–440 (1998).
  • Chen M, Hisatomi Y, Furumoto A et al. Comparative immune responses of patients with chronic pulmonary diseases during the 2-year period after pneumococcal vaccination. Clin. Vaccin. Immunol.14(2), 139–145 (2007).
  • Davis A, Aranda CP, Schiffman G, Christianson LC. Pneumococcal infection and immunologic response to pneumococcal vaccine in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chest92(22), 204–212 (1987).
  • Lai CC, Lee LN, Yu CJ et al. Antibody responses to pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in Taiwanese patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J. Formos Med. Assoc.106(3), 196–203 (2007).
  • Steentoft J, Konradsen HB, Hilskov J, Gislason G, Andersen JR. Response to pneumococcal vaccine in chronic obstructive lung disease: the effect of ongoing, systemic steroid treatment. Vaccine24, 1408–1412 (2006).
  • Klemets P, Lyytikäinen O, Ruutu P et al. Risk of invasive pneumococcal infections among working age adults with asthma. Thorax65(8), 698–702 (2010).
  • Jung JA, Kita H, Dhillon R et al. Influence of asthma status on serotype-specific pneumococcal antibody levels. Postgrad. Med.122(5), 116–124 (2010).
  • Fine MJ, Smith MA, Carson CA et al. Efficacy of pneumococcal vaccination in adults. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch. Intern. Med.154, 2666–2677 (1994).
  • Hutchison BG, Oxman AD, Shannon HS, Lloyd S, Altmayer CA, Thomas K. Clinical effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccine. Meta-analysis. Can. Fam. Physic.45, 2381–2393 (1999).
  • Moore RA, Wiffen PJ, Lipsky BA. Are the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines effective? Meta-analysis of the prospective trials. BMC Fam. Pract.1, 1 (2000).
  • Cornu C, Yzebe D, Leophonte P, Gaillat J, Boissel JP, Cucherat M. Efficacy of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in immunocompetent adults: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Vaccine19, 4780–4790 (2001).
  • Mangtani P, Cutts F, Hall AJ. Efficacy of polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine in adults in more developed countries: the state of the evidence. Lancet Infect. Dis.3, 71–78 (2003).
  • Dear KBG, Andrews R, Holden J, Tatham D. Vaccines for preventing pneumococcal infection in adults. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.4, CD000422 (2003).
  • Melegaro A, Edmunds WJ. The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Part I. Efficacy of PPV in the elderly: comparison of meta-analyses. Eur. J. Epidemiol.19, 353–363 (2004).
  • Fedson DS, Liss C. Precise answers to the wrong question: prospective clinical trials and the meta-analyses of pneumococcal vaccine in elderly and high-risk adults. Vaccine22(8), 927–946 (2004).
  • Moberley SA, Holden J, Tatham DP, Andrews RM. Vaccines for preventing pneumococcal infection in adults. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.1, CD000422 (2008).
  • Huss A, Scott P, Stuck AE, Trotter C, Egger M. Efficacy of pneumococcal vaccination in adults: a meta-analysis. CMAJ180, 48–58 (2009).
  • Granger R, Walters J, Poole PJ et al. Injectable vaccines for preventing pneumococcal infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.4, CD001390 (2006). Update in: Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.11, CD001390 (2010).
  • Walters JA, Smith S, Poole P, Granger RH, Wood-Baker R. Injectable vaccines for preventing pneumococcal infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.11, CD001390 (2010).
  • Ya Tseimakh I, Martynenko I, Paraeva S. Prophylactic efficacy of pneumococcal vaccination for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Eur. Respir. J.28(Suppl. 50), S178 (2006) (Abstract P1091).
  • Teramoto S, Yamamoto H, Yamaguchi Y et al. Clinical efficacy of anti-pneumococcal vaccination in elderly patients with COPD. Presented at: American Thoracic Society International Conference. San Francisco, CA, USA, 18–23 May 2007 (Abstract A137).
  • Furumoto, Ohkusa Y, Chen M et al. Additive effect of pneumococcal vaccine and influenza vaccine on acute exacerbation in patients with chronic lung disease. Vaccine26, 4284–4289 (2008).
  • Nichol KL, Baken L, Wuorenma J et al. The health and economic benefits associated with pneumococcal vaccination of elderly persons with chronic lung disease. Arch. Intern. Med.159, 2437–2442 (1999).
  • Lee TA, Weaver FM, Weiss KB. Impact of pneumococcal vaccination on pneumonia rates in patients with COPD and asthma. J. Gen. Intern. Med.22(1), 62–67 (2007).
  • Sumitani M, Tochino Y, Kamimori T, Fujiwara H, Fujikawa T. Additive inoculation of influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine to prevent lower respiratory tract infections in chronic respiratory disease patients. Int. Med.47, 1189–1197 (2008).
  • Watanuki Y, Miyazawa N, Kudo M et al. Effects of pneumococcal vaccine in patients with chronic respiratory disease. Eur. Respir. Rev.17(107), 43–45 (2008).
  • Schembri S, Morant S, Winter JH, MacDonald TM. Influenza but not pneumococcal vaccination protects against all-cause mortality in patients with COPD. Thorax64(7), 567–572 (2009).
  • Vila-Corcoles A, Salsench E, Rodriguez-Blanco T et al. Clinical effectiveness of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine against pneumonia in middle-aged and older adults: a matched case–control study. Vaccine27(10), 1504–1510 (2009).
  • Dominguez A, Izquierdo C, Salleras L et al. Working group for the study of prevention of CAP in the elderly. Effectiveness of the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in preventing pneumonia in the elderly. Eur. Respir. J.36(3), 608–614 (2010).
  • Gutierrez F, Masia M, Rodríguez JC et al. Evaluation of the immunochromatographic Binax NOW assay for detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae urinary antigen in a prospective study of community-acquired pneumonia in Spain. Clin. Infect. Dis.36, 286–292 (2003).
  • Rosón B, Fernández-Sabé N, Carratalà J et al. Contribution of a urinary antigen assay (Binax NOW) to the early diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia. Clin. Infect. Dis.38, 222–226 (2004).
  • Vila-Corcoles A. Is the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine effective in preventing pneumonia? Lancet Infect. Dis.8, 405–406 (2008).
  • Dinleyici EC. Current status of pneumococcal vaccines: lessons to be learned and new insights. Expert Rev. Vaccines9(9), 1017–1022 (2010).
  • Sisk JE, Moskowitz AJ, Whang W et al. Cost–effectiveness of vaccination against 70 bacteremia among elderly people. JAMA278, 1333–1339 (1997).
  • Evers SM, Ament AJ, Colombo GL et al. Cost–effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination for prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease in the elderly: an update for 10 Western European countries. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.26, 531–540 (2007).
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. Updated recommendations for prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease among adults using the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23). MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep.59(34), 1102–1106 (2010).
  • Whitney CG, Farley MM, Hadler J et al. Decline in invasive pneumococcal disease after the introduction of protein–polysaccharide conjugate vaccine. N. Engl. J. Med.348, 1737–1746 (2003).
  • Lexau CA, Lynfield R, Danila R et al. Changing epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease among older adults in the era of pediatric pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. JAMA294(16), 2043–2051 (2005).
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Direct and indirect effects of routine vaccination of children with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease – United States, 1998–2003. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep.54, 893–897 (2005).
  • Grijalva CG, Nuorti P, Arbogast PG, Martin SW, Edwards KM, Griffin MR. Decline in pneumonia admissions after routine childhood immunization with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the USA: a time series analysis. Lancet369, 1179–1186 (2007).
  • Hammitt LL, Bruden DL, Butler JC et al. Indirect effect of conjugate vaccine on adult carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae: an explanation of trends in invasive pneumococcal diseases. J. Infect. Dis.193, 1487–1494 (2006).
  • Lockhart SP, Hackell JG, Fritzell B. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines: emerging clinical information and its implications. Expert Rev. Vaccines5(4), 553–564 (2006).
  • Fry AM, Zell ER, Schuchat A, Butler JC, Whitney CG. Comparing potential benefits of new pneumococcal vaccines with the current polysaccharide vaccine in the elderly. Vaccine21, 303–311 (2002).
  • Jackson LA, Janoff EN. Pneumococcal vaccination of elderly adults: new paradigms for protection. Clin. Infect. Dis.47, 1328–1338 (2008).
  • Musher DM, Sampath R, Rodriguez-Barradas MC. The potential role for protein–conjugate pneumococcal vaccine in adults: what is the supporting evidence? Clin. Infect. Dis.52(5), 633–640 (2011).
  • Scott D, Ruckle J, Dar M, Baker S, Kondoh H, Lockhart S. Phase 1 trial of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Japanese adults. Pediatr. Int.50(3), 295–299 (2008).
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). Prevention of pneumococcal disease among infants and children – use of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. MMWR Recommendations Rep.59(RR11), 1–18 (2010).
  • French N, Gordon SB, Mwalukomo T et al. A trial of a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in HIV-infected adults. N. Engl. J. Med.362(9), 812–822 (2010).
  • O’Brien KL, Hochman M, Goldblatt D. Combined schedules of pneumococcal conjugate and polysaccharide vaccines: is hyporesponsiveness an issue? Lancet Infect. Dis.7, 597–606 (2007).
  • de Roux A, Schmöle-Thoma B, Siber GR et al. Comparison of pneumococcal conjugate polysaccharide and free polysaccharide vaccines in elderly adults: conjugate vaccine elicits improved antibacterial immune responses and immunological memory. Clin. Infect. Dis.46, 1015–1023 (2008).
  • Dransfield MT, Nahm MH, Han MK et al. Superior immune response to protein-conjugate versus free pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.180, 499–505 (2009).
  • Goldblatt D, Southern J, Andrews N et al. The immunogenicity of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine versus 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine in adults aged 50–80 years. Clin. Infect. Dis.49(9), 1318–1325 (2009).
  • Lazarus R, Clutterbuck E, Yu LM et al. A randomized study comparing combined pneumococcal conjugate and polysaccharide vaccination schedules in adults. Clin. Infect. Dis.52(6), 736–742 (2011).
  • Jackson LA, Neuzil KM, Nahm MH et al. Immunogenicity of varying dosages of 7-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine in seniors previously vaccinated with 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Vaccine25, 4029–4037 (2007).
  • Hak E, Grobbee DE, Sanders EA et al. Rationale and design of CAPITA: a RCT of 13-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine efficacy among older adults. Neth. J. Med.66, 378–383 (2008).
  • Garcia-Suarez Mdel M, Vazquez F, Mendez FJ. Streptococcus pneumoniae virulence factors and their clinical impact: an update. Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin.24(8), 512–517 (2006).
  • Wu K, Zhang X, Shi J et al. Immunization with a combination of three pneumococcal proteins confers additive and broad protection against Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in mice. Infect. Immun.78(3), 1276–1283 (2010).
  • Giefing C, Meinke AL, Hanner M et al. Discovery of a novel class of highly conserved vaccine antigens using genomic scale antigenic fingerprinting of pneumococcus with human antibodies. J. Exp. Med.205, 117–131 (2008).
  • Cao J, Li D, Gong Y et al. Caseinolytic protease: a protein vaccine which could elicit serotype-independent protection against invasive pneumococcal infection. Clin. Exp. Immunol.156(1), 52–60 (2009).
  • Gianfaldoni C, Maccari S, Pancotto L et al. Sortase a confers protection against Streptococcus pneumoniae in mice. Infect. Immun.77(7), 2957–2961 (2009).

Websites

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.