Diagnosis and Individualized Treatment of Three Primary Malignant Tumors: A Case Report

References

• LiuZ, LiuC, GuoW, LiS, BaiO. Clinical analysis of 152 cases of multiple primary malignant tumors in 15,398 patients with malignant tumors. PLoS One. 2015;10(5):e0125754. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.012575425945938
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MoertelCG, DockertyMB, BaggenstossAH. Multiple primary malignant neoplasms. II. Tumors of different tissues or organs. Cancer. 1961;14:231–237. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(196103/04)14:2<231::aid-cncr2820140203>3.0.co;2-213771653
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UtadaM, OhnoY, HoriM, SodaM. Incidence of multiple primary cancers and interval between first and second primary cancers. Cancer Sci. 2014;105(7):890–896. doi:10.1111/cas.1243324814518
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CorsoG, VeronesiP, SantomauroGI, et al. Multiple primary non-breast tumors in breast cancer survivors. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2018;144(5):979–986. doi:10.1007/s00432-018-2621-929502170
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FrödinJE, EricssonJ, BarlowL. Multiple primary malignant tumors in a national cancer registry–reliability of reporting. Acta Oncol. 1997;36(5):465–469. doi:10.3109/028418697090013009292741
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SungH, FerlayJ, SiegelRL, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209–249. doi:10.3322/caac.2166033538338
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OstromQT, PatilN, CioffiG, WaiteK, KruchkoC, Barnholtz-SloanJS. CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2013–2017. Neuro Oncol. 2020;22(12Suppl 2):iv1–iv96. doi:10.1093/neuonc/noaa20033123732
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZachariaBE, DiStefanoN, MaderMM, et al. Prior malignancies in patients harboring glioblastoma: an institutional case-study of 2164 patients. J Neurooncol. 2017;134(2):245–251. doi:10.1007/s11060-017-2512-y28551847
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FolpeAL, MentzelT, LehrHA, FisherC, BalzerBL, WeissSW. Perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms of soft tissue and gynecologic origin: a clinicopathologic study of 26 cases and review of the literature. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005;29(12):1558–1575. doi:10.1097/01.pas.0000173232.22117.3716327428
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BleekerJS, QuevedoJF, FolpeAL. ‘Malignant’ perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasm: risk stratification and treatment strategies. Sarcoma. 2012;2012:541626. doi:10.1155/2012/54162622619565
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• YamamotoS, YoshimuraK, RiS, FujitaS, AkasuT, MoriyaY. The risk of multiple primary malignancies with colorectal carcinoma. Dis Colon Rectum. 2006;49(10 Suppl):S30–S36. doi:10.1007/s10350-006-0600-817106813
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VarolU, KucukzeybekY, AlacaciogluA, et al. BRCA genes: BRCA 1 and BRCA 2. J BUON. 2018;23(4):862–866.30358186
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BazireL, De RyckeY, AsselainB, FourquetA, KirovaYM. Risks of second malignancies after breast cancer treatment: long-term results. Cancer Radiother. 2017;21(1):10–15. doi:10.1016/j.canrad.2016.07.10128034681
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MezencevR. Epidemiology of gliomas in women diagnosed with breast cancer supports the protective role of estrogenic exposure. Bratisl Lek Listy. 2018;119(8):463–468. doi:10.4149/BLL_2018_08530160152
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KyritsisAP, BondyML, RaoJS, SiokaC. Inherited predisposition to glioma. Neuro Oncol. 2010;12(1):104–113. doi:10.1093/neuonc/nop01120150373
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SanfilippoR, FabbroniC, FucàG, et al. Addition of antiestrogen treatment in patients with malignant PEComa progressing to mTOR inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res. 2020;26(20):5534–5538. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-20-119132605908
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VogtA, SchmidS, HeinimannK, et al. Multiple primary tumours: challenges and approaches, a review. ESMO Open. 2017;2(2):e000172. doi:10.1136/esmoopen-2017-00017228761745
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WagnerAJ, Malinowska-KolodziejI, MorganJA, et al. Clinical activity of mTOR inhibition with sirolimus in malignant perivascular epithelioid cell tumors: targeting the pathogenic activation of mTORC1 in tumors. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(5):835–840. doi:10.1200/JCO.2009.25.298120048174
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SanfilippoR, JonesRL, BlayJY, et al. Role of chemotherapy, VEGFR inhibitors, and mTOR inhibitors in advanced perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas). Clin Cancer Res. 2019;25(17):5295–5300. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-19-028831217199
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KimBK, OhSJ, SongJY, et al. Clinical characteristics and prognosis associated with multiple primary cancers in breast cancer patients. J Breast Cancer. 2018;21(1):62–69. doi:10.4048/jbc.2018.21.1.6229628985
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhangL, WuY, LiuF, FuL, TongZ. Characteristics and survival of patients with metachronous or synchronous double primary malignancies: breast and thyroid cancer. Oncotarget. 2016;7(32):52450–52459. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.954727223440
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• HamzaMA, Kamiya-MatsuokaC, LiuD, YuanY, PuduvalliVK. Outcome of patients with malignant glioma and synchronous or metachronous non-central nervous system primary neoplasms. J Neurooncol. 2016;126(3):527–533. doi:10.1007/s11060-015-1992-x26566652
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MotuzyukI, SydorchukO, KovtunN, KostiuchenkoY. Synchronous and metachronous breast cancer in Ukraine. Breast Dis. 2017;37(2):83–93. doi:10.3233/BD-17028529504518
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KarthikGM, MaR, LövrotJ, et al. mTOR inhibitors counteract tamoxifen-induced activation of breast cancer stem cells. Cancer Lett. 2015;367(1):76–87. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.01726208432
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhengR, LiH, YeY, et al. Clinicopathological features and prognostic analysis of 77 patients with multiple primary cancers. J BUON. 2020;25(4):2110–2116.33099961
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar