Echocardiography E/A Abnormality is Associated with the Development of Primary Left Ventricle Remodeling in Middle-Aged and Elderly Women: A Longitudinal Study

References

• Aljaroudi W, Alraies MC, Halley C, et al. Impact of progression of diastolic dysfunction on mortality in patients with normal ejection fraction. Circulation. 2012;125(6):782–788. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.111.066423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saeed S, Rajani R, Tadic M, Parkin D, Chambers JB. Left atrial volume index predicts adverse events in asymptomatic moderate or severe aortic stenosis. Echocardiography. 2021;38(11):1893–1899. doi:10.1111/echo.15225
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitter SS, Shah SJ, Thomas JD. A Test in Context: e/A and E/e’ to Assess Diastolic Dysfunction and LV Filling Pressure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;69(11):1451–1464. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.12.037
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang D, Xu TT, Zhang SJ, et al. Telmisartan ameliorates cardiac fibrosis and diastolic function in cardiorenal heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2021;246(23):2511–2521. doi:10.1177/15353702211035058
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johansson B, Lundin F, Tegerback R, Bojö L. E/a´ ratio a simple detector of left ventricular dysfunction in patients with decreased ejection fraction. Scand Cardiovasc J. 2018;52(1):20–27. doi:10.1080/14017431.2017.1414954
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajyaguru C, Kalra A, Samim A, Abejie B, Wessel R, Vempilly JJ. Increased E/A Ratio is a Risk Factor for the Formation of Pleural Effusion in Heart Failure. Lung. 2020;198(1):229–233. doi:10.1007/s00408-019-00308-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dokainish H. Left ventricular diastolic function and dysfunction: central role of echocardiography. Glob Cardiol Sci Pract. 2015;2015:3. doi:10.5339/gcsp.2015.3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wu J, Yu SY, Wo D, Zhao MM, Zhang LJ, Li J. Risks and predictors of mild diastolic dysfunction among middle-aged and aged women: a population-based cohort study. J Hum Hypertens. 2016;30(5):335–340. doi:10.1038/jhh.2015.85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen JB, Schrauben SJ, Zhao L, et al. Clinical Phenogroups in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: detailed Phenotypes, Prognosis, and Response to Spironolactone. JACC Heart Fail. 2020;8(3):172–184. doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2019.09.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chamsi-Pasha MA, Zhan Y, Debs D, Shah DJ. CMR in the Evaluation of Diastolic Dysfunction and Phenotyping of HFpEF: current Role and Future Perspectives. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2020;13(1):283–296. doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2019.02.031
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dupont S, Maizel J, Mentaverri R, et al. The onset of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in SHR rats is not related to hypertrophy or hypertension. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2012;302(7):H1524–32. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00955.2010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Bello V, Talini E, Dell’Omo G, et al. Early left ventricular mechanics abnormalities in prehypertension: a two-dimensional strain echocardiography study. Am J Hypertens. 2010;23(4):405–412. doi:10.1038/ajh.2009.258
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Care D. 2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2019. Diabetes Care. 2019;42(Suppl1):S13–s28. doi:10.2337/dc19-S002
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jones NR, McCormack T, Constanti M, McManus RJ. Diagnosis and management of hypertension in adults: NICE guideline update 2019. Br J Gen Pract. 2020;70(691):90–91. doi:10.3399/bjgp20X708053
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang S, Fan HM, Li J, et al. Relationship of arterial stiffness and early mild diastolic heart failure in general middle and aged population. Eur Heart J. 2010;31(22):2799–2807. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq296
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lang RM, Bierig M, Devereux RB, et al. Recommendations for chamber quantification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography’s Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Chamber Quantification Writing Group, developed in conjunction with the European Association of Echocardiography, a branch of the European Society of Cardiology. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2005;18(12):1440–1463. doi:10.1016/j.echo.2005.10.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagueh SF, Smiseth OA, Appleton CP, et al. Recommendations for the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function by Echocardiography: an Update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2016;29(4):277–314. doi:10.1016/j.echo.2016.01.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeong EM, Dudley SC. Diastolic dysfunction. Circ J. 2015;79(3):470–477. doi:10.1253/circj.CJ-15-0064
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaasch WH, Zile MR. Left ventricular structural remodeling in health and disease: with special emphasis on volume, mass, and geometry. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58(17):1733–1740. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.07.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masugata H, Senda S, Inukai M, et al. Differences in left ventricular diastolic dysfunction between eccentric and concentric left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients with preserved systolic function. J Int Med Res. 2011;39(3):772–779. doi:10.1177/147323001103900309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iyengar SS, Ram CVS. Concentric vs. Eccentric Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: does It Matter? It Is All “Blood Pressure Centered”. Am J Hypertens. 2021;34(6):581–582. doi:10.1093/ajh/hpab037
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallo S, Vitacolonna A, Bonzano A, Comoglio P, Crepaldi T. ERK: a Key Player in the Pathophysiology of Cardiac Hypertrophy. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(9):2164. doi:10.3390/ijms20092164
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Marchi SF, Allemann Y, Seiler C. Relaxation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and hypertensive heart disease: relations between hypertrophy and diastolic function. Heart. 2000;83(6):678–684. doi:10.1136/heart.83.6.678
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cuspidi C, Rescaldani M, Sala C, Grassi G. Left-ventricular hypertrophy and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of echocardiographic studies. J Hypertens. 2014;32(1):16–25. doi:10.1097/HJH.0b013e328364fb58
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qin L, Liu X, Li Y. Correlation of serum BNP and ET-1 levels with cardiac pump function and ventricular remodeling in patients with heart failure. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-Grand). 2020;66(3):125–131. doi:10.14715/cmb/2020.66.3.19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu L, Zhang L, Ai Z, et al. Association between risk factors and left ventricular remodeling in middle-aged and aged population: a community-based study. J Hypertens. 2012;30(9):1862–1873. doi:10.1097/HJH.0b013e3283563418
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costantino S, Paneni F, Cosentino F. Ageing, metabolism and cardiovascular disease. J Physiol. 2016;594(8):2061–2073. doi:10.1113/jp270538
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oneglia A, Nelson MD, Merz CNB. Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Aging and Heart Failure. Curr Heart Fail Rep. 2020;17(6):409–423. doi:10.1007/s11897-020-00487-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar