Prevalence and prognosis of stress disorders: a review of the epidemiologic literature

References

• American Psychiatric AssociationDiagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders5th edWashington, DCAmerican Psychiatric Association2013
   Google Scholar
• KesslerRCSonnegaABrometEHughesMNelsonCBPosttraumatic stress disorder in the National Comorbidity SurveyArch Gen Psychiatry19955212104810607492257
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JuelKSorensenJBronnum-HansenHRisk Factors and Public Health in Denmark: Summary ReportCopenhagenNational Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark2007
   Google Scholar
• SchuttNMFrederiksenMLHelweg-LarsenKDating Violence in Denmark: A Nationwide Survey of Prevalence, Character, and Consequences of Exposure to Violence among 16–24 Year-OldCopenhagenMinistry of Gender Equality2008
   Google Scholar
• KesslerRCPosttraumatic stress disorder: the burden to the individual and to societyJ Clin Psychiatry200061suppl 5412
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JancaAUstunTBvan DrimmelenJDittmannVIssacMICD-10 Symptom Checklist for Mental Disorders, Version 1.1GenevaDivision of Mental Health, World Health Organization1994
   Google Scholar
• CrocqM-ACrocqLFrom shell shock and war neurosis to posttraumatic stress disorder: a history of psychotraumatologyDialogues Clin Neurosci2000214722033462
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Munk-JorgensenPKastrupMMortensenPBThe Danish psychiatric register as a tool in epidemiologyActa Psychiatr Scand Suppl199337027328452052
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MaerckerABrewinCRBryantRADiagnosis and classification of disorders specifically associated with stress: proposals for ICD-11World Psychiatry201312319820624096776
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PetersLSladeTAndrewsGA comparison of ICD10 and DSM-IV criteria for posttraumatic stress disorderJ Trauma Stress199912233534310378170
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KesslerRCBerglundPDemlerOJinRMerikangasKRWaltersEELifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey ReplicationArch Gen Psychiatry200562659360215939837
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PerkoniggAKesslerRCStorzSWittchenH-UTraumatic events and post-traumatic stress disorder in the community: prevalence, risk factors and comorbidityActa Psychiatr Scand20001011465910674950
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CreamerMBurgessPMcFarlaneACPost-traumatic stress disorder: findings from the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-beingPsychol Med20013171237124711681550
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darves-BornozJMAlonsoJde GirolamoGMain traumatic events in Europe: PTSD in the European study of the epidemiology of mental disorders surveyJ Trauma Stress200821545546218956444
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KaramEGFriedmanMJHillEDCumulative traumas and risk thresholds: 12-month PTSD in the World Mental Health (WMH) surveysDepress Anxiety201431213014223983056
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BreslauNDavisGCAndreskiPPetersonELSchultzLRSex differences in posttraumatic stress disorderArch Gen Psychiatry19975411104410489366662
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ResnickHSKilpatrickDGDanskyBSSaundersBEBestCLPrevalence of civilian trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in a representative national sample of womenJ Consult Clin Psychol19936169849918113499
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BuntingBPMurphySDO’NeillSMFerryFRLifetime prevalence of mental health disorders and delay in treatment following initial onset: evidence from the Northern Ireland Study of Health and StressPsychol Med20124281727173922115173
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CartaMGBalestrieriMMurruAHardoyMCAdjustment disorder: epidemiology, diagnosis and treatmentClin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health20095153019558652
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• CaseyPBaileySAdjustment disorders: the state of the artWorld Psychiatry2011101111821379346
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MaerckerAForstmeierSPielmaierLSpangenbergLBrählerEGlaesmerHAdjustment disorders: prevalence in a representative nationwide survey in GermanySoc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol201247111745175222407021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GradusJLBoziIAntonsenSSevere stress and adjustment disorder diagnoses in the population of DenmarkJ Trauma Stress201427337037424948539
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’DonnellMLCreamerMPattisonPPosttraumatic stress disorder and depression following trauma: understanding comorbidityAm J Psychiatry200416181390139615285964
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PietrzakRHGoldsteinRBSouthwickSMGrantBFPrevalence and axis I comorbidity of full and partial posttraumatic stress disorder in the United States: results from wave 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related ConditionsJ Anxiety Disord201125345646521168991
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WilcoxHCStorrCLBreslauNPosttraumatic stress disorder and suicide attempts in a community sample of urban American young adultsArch Gen Psychiatry200966330531119255380
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BreslauNDavisGCPetersonELSchultzLRA second look at comorbidity in victims of trauma: the posttraumatic stress disorder–major depression connectionBiol Psychiatry200048990290911074228
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KaufmanJCharneyDComorbidity of mood and anxiety disordersDepress Anxiety200012S1697611098417
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SchnurrPJankowskiMPhysical health and post-traumatic stress disorder: review and synthesisSemin Clin Neuropsychiatry19994429530410553035
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• LeShanLPsychological states as factors in the development of malignant disease: a critical reviewJ Natl Cancer Inst195922111813621196
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ReicheEMVNunesSOVMorimotoHKStress, depression, the immune system and cancerLancet Oncol200451061762515465465
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChidaYHamerMWardleJSteptoeADo stress-related psychosocial factors contribute to cancer incidence and survival?Nat Clin Pract Oncol20085846647518493231
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• PacellaMLHruskaBDelahantyDLThe physical health consequences of PTSD and PTSD symptoms: a meta-analytic reviewJ Anxiety Disord2013271334623247200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KubzanskyLDKoenenKCSpiroAVokonasPSSparrowDProspective study of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and coronary heart disease in the Normative Aging StudyArch Gen Psychiatry200764110911617199060
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ScherrerJFChruscielTZeringueAAnxiety disorders increase risk for incident myocardial infarction in depressed and nondepressed Veterans Administration patientsAm Heart J2010159577277920435185
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VaccarinoVGoldbergJRooksCPost-traumatic stress disorder and incidence of coronary heart diseaseJ Am Coll Cardiol2013621197097823810885
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BeristianosMHYaffeKCohenBByersALPTSD and risk of incident cardiovascular disease in aging veteransAm J Geriatr Psychiatry201624319220025555625
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SpitzerCBarnowSVolzkeHJohnUFreybergerHJGrabeHJTrauma, posttraumatic stress disorder, and physical illness: findings from the general populationPsychosom Med20097191012101719834051
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JordanHTMiller-ArchieSAConeJEMorabiaAStellmanSDHeart disease among adults exposed to the September 11, 2001 World Trade Center disaster: results from the World Trade Center registryPrev Med201153637037622040652
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LillbergKVerkasaloPKKaprioJTeppoLHeleniusHKoskenvuoMStressful life events and risk of breast cancer in 10,808 women: a cohort studyAm J Epidemiol2003157541542312615606
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LiJJohansenCHansenDOlsenJCancer incidence in parents who lost a child: a nationwide study in DenmarkCancer200295102237224212412179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RobertsFDNewcombPATrentham-DietzAStorerBESelf-reported stress and risk of breast cancerCancer199577610891093
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SchernhammerESHankinsonSERosnerBJob stress and breast cancer riskAm J Epidemiol2004160111079108615561987
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JohansenCOlsenJHPsychological stress, cancer incidence and mortality from non-malignant diseaseBr J Cancer19977511441489000613
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KiselySCroweELawrenceDCancer-related mortality in people with mental illnessJAMA Psychiatry201370220921723247556
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GradusJLFarkasDKSvenssonEPosttraumatic stress disorder and cancer risk: a nationwide cohort studyEur J Epidemiol201530756356825957083
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SchnurrPPSpiroAParisAHPhysician-diagnosed medical disorders in relation to PTSD symptoms in older male military veteransHealth Psychol2000191919710711592
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MaguenSMaddenECohenBBertenthalDSealKAssociation of mental health problems with gastrointestinal disorders in Iraq and Afghanistan veteransDepress Anxiety201431216016523494973
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DirkzwagerAJEvan der VeldenPGGrievinkLYzermansCJDisaster-related posttraumatic stress disorder and physical healthPsychosom Med200769543544017556645
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GradusJLFarkasDKSvenssonEEhrensteinVLashTLSørensenHTPosttraumatic stress disorder and gastrointestinal disorders in the Danish populationEpidemiology201728335436028099266
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GradusJLFarkasDKSvenssonEAssociations between stress disorders and cardiovascular disease events in the Danish populationBMJ Open2015512e009334
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MarisRWBermanALSilvermanMMIntroduction to the study of suicide Comprehensive Textbook of SuicidologyNew YorkGuilford Press2000325
   Google Scholar
• GradusJLAntonsenSSvenssonELashTLResickPAHansenJGTrauma, comorbidity, and mortality following diagnoses of severe stress and adjustment disorders: a nationwide cohort studyAm J Epidemiol2015182545145826243737
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GradusJLQinPLincolnAKAcute stress reaction and completed suicideInt J Epidemiol20103961478148420624822
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GradusJLQinPLincolnAKPosttraumatic stress disorder and completed suicideAm J Epidemiol2010171672172720160171
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KryzhanovskayaLCanterburyRSuicidal behavior in patients with adjustment disordersCrisis200122312513111831599
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• GreenbergWMRosenfeldDNOrtegaEAAdjustment disorder as an admission diagnosisAm J Psychiatry1995153759761
   Google Scholar
• GradusJLQinPLincolnAKMillerMLawlerELashTLThe association between adjustment disorder diagnosed at psychiatric treatment facilities and completed suicideClin Epidemiol20102232820865099
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• BoscarinoJAExternal-cause mortality after psychologic trauma: the effect of stress exposure and predispositionCompr Psychiatry200647650351417067875
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BoscarinoJAPosttraumatic stress disorder and mortality among US Army Veterans 30 years after military serviceAnn Epidemiol20061624825616099672
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChwastiakLARosenheckRADesaiRKazisLEAssociation of psychiatric illness and all-cause mortality in the National Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care SystemPsychosom Med201072881782220639387
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SoerjomataramILortet-TieulentJParkinDMGlobal burden of cancer in 2008: a systematic analysis of disability-adjusted life-years in 12 world regionsLancet201238098561840184523079588
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MarisRWBermanALSilvermanMMSuicide attempts and methodsMarisRWBermanALSilvermanMMComprehensive Textbook of SuicidologyNew York, NYThe Guilford Press2000284310
   Google Scholar
• KaniastyKNorrisFHLongitudinal linkages between perceived social support and posttraumatic stress symptoms: sequential roles of social causation and social selectionJ Trauma Stress200821327428118553415
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CharuvastraACloitreMSocial bonds and posttraumatic stress disorderAnnu Rev Psychol20085930117883334
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeykinEYKeaneTMKaloupekDPosttraumatic stress disorder and the use of health servicesPsychosom Med200163583584111573033
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KoenenKCStellmanSDSommerJFStellmanJMPersisting post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and their relationship to functioning in Vietnam veterans: a 14-year follow-upJ Trauma Stress2008211495718302174
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZatzickDFMarmarCRWeissDSPosttraumatic stress disorder and functioning and quality of life outcomes in a nationally representative sample of male Vietnam veteransAm J Psychiatry20141541216901695
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SmithMWSchnurrPPRosenheckRAEmployment outcomes and PTSD symptom severityMent Health Serv Res2005728910115974155
   PubMedGoogle Scholar