Socioeconomic Disparity Trends in End-of-Life Care for Cancer and Non-Cancer Patients: Are We Closing the Gap?

References

• World Health Organization. Health 2020 - European Policy Framework and Strategy for the 21st Century. World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Marmot M. The health gap: the challenge of an unequal world. Lancet. 2015;386(10011):2442–2444. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00150-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackenbach JP, Stirbu I, Roskam AJ, et al. Socioeconomic inequalities in health in 22 European countries. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(23):2468–2481. doi:10.1056/NEJMsa0707519
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marmot M, Bell R. Fair society, healthy lives. Public Health. 2012;126(Suppl 1):S4–s10. doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2012.05.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vestergaard AHS, Sampson EL, Johnsen SP, Petersen I. Social inequalities in life expectancy and mortality in people with dementia in the United Kingdom. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2020;34(3):254–261. doi:10.1097/WAD.0000000000000378
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filc D, Davidovich N, Novack L, Balicer RD. Is socioeconomic status associated with utilization of health care services in a single-payer universal health care system? Int J Equity Health. 2014;13(1):115. doi:10.1186/s12939-014-0115-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riley GF, Lubitz JD. Long-term trends in Medicare payments in the last year of life. Health Serv Res. 2010;45(2):565–576. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2010.01082.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christensen BJ, Gørtz M, Kallestrup-Lamb M. Medical spending in Denmark. Fisc Stud. 2016;37(3–4):461–497. doi:10.1111/j.1475-5890.2016.12119
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fien S, Plunkett E, Fien C, et al. Challenges and facilitators in delivering optimal care at the end of life for older patients: a scoping review on the clinicians’ perspective. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2021;33(10):2643–2656. doi:10.1007/s40520-021-01816-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daugaard C, Neergaard MA, Vestergaard AHS, Nielsen MK, Johnsen SP. Socioeconomic inequality in drug reimbursement during end-of-life care: a nationwide study. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2019;73(5):435–442. doi:10.1136/jech-2018-211580
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies JM, Sleeman KE, Leniz J, et al. Socioeconomic position and use of healthcare in the last year of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2019;16(4):e1002782. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002782
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mason B, Kerssens JJ, Stoddart A, et al. Unscheduled and out-of-hours care for people in their last year of life: a retrospective cohort analysis of national datasets. BMJ Open. 2020;10(11):e041888. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041888
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neergaard MA, Brunoe AH, Skorstengaard MH, Nielsen MK. What socio-economic factors determine place of death for people with life-limiting illness? A systematic review and appraisal of methodological rigour. Palliat Med. 2019;33(8):900–925. doi:10.1177/0269216319847089
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barratt H, Asaria M, Sheringham J, Stone P, Raine R, Cookson R. Dying in hospital: socioeconomic inequality trends in England. J Health Serv Res Policy. 2017;22(3):149–154. doi:10.1177/1355819616686807
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mondor L, Wodchis WP, Tanuseputro P. Persistent socioeconomic inequalities in location of death and receipt of palliative care: a population-based cohort study. Palliat Med. 2020;34:269216320947964.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sleeman KE, Davies JM, Verne J, et al. The changing demographics of inpatient hospice death: population-based cross-sectional study in England, 1993–2012. Palliat Med. 2016;30(1):45–53. doi:10.1177/0269216315585064
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Noncommunicable diseases; 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Mathers CD, Loncar D, Samet J. Projections of global mortality and burden of disease from 2002 to 2030. PLoS Med. 2006;3(11):e442. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030442
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knaul FM, Farmer PE, Krakauer EL, et al. Alleviating the access abyss in palliative care and pain relief-an imperative of universal health coverage: the Lancet Commission report. Lancet. 2018;391(10128):1391–1454. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32513-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bloom CI, Slaich B, Morales DR, Smeeth L, Stone P, Quint JK. Low uptake of palliative care for COPD patients within primary care in the UK. Eur Respir J. 2018;51(2):1701879. doi:10.1183/13993003.01879-2017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mainz J, Hess MH, Johnsen SP. The Danish unique personal identifier and the Danish Civil Registration System as a tool for research and quality improvement. Int J Qual Health Care. 2019;31(9):717–720. doi:10.1093/intqhc/mzz008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt M, Schmidt SAJ, Adelborg K, et al. The Danish health care system and epidemiological research: from health care contacts to database records. Clin Epidemiol. 2019;11:563–591. doi:10.2147/CLEP.S179083
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Helweg-Larsen K. The Danish register of causes of death. Scand J Public Health. 2011;39(7 Suppl):26–29. doi:10.1177/1403494811399958
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodman DC, Esty AR, Fisher ES, Chang C. A report of the Dartmouth Atlas Project: trends and variation in end-of-life care for medicare beneficiaries with severe chronic illness. The Dartmouth Institute; 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Schmidt M, Pedersen L, Sorensen HT. The Danish civil registration system as a tool in epidemiology. Eur J Epidemiol. 2014;29(8):541–549. doi:10.1007/s10654-014-9930-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt M, Schmidt SA, Sandegaard JL, Ehrenstein V, Pedersen L, Sorensen HT. The Danish National Patient Registry: a review of content, data quality, and research potential. Clin Epidemiol. 2015;7:449–490. doi:10.2147/CLEP.S91125
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40(5):373–383. doi:10.1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Thygesen SK, Christiansen CF, Christensen S, Lash TL, Sorensen HT. The predictive value of ICD-10 diagnostic coding used to assess Charlson comorbidity index conditions in the population-based Danish National Registry of Patients. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2011;11:1–6. doi:10.1186/1471-2288-11-83
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen VM, Rasmussen AW. Danish education registers. Scand J Public Health. 2011;39(7 Suppl):91–94. doi:10.1177/1403494810394715
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baadsgaard M, Quitzau J. Danish registers on personal income and transfer payments. Scand J Public Health. 2011;39(7 Suppl):103–105. doi:10.1177/1403494811405098
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UNESCO. International standard classification of education ISCED 2011; 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Statistics Denmark. INDKF201: main table for family income statistics by type of income, family type, population, price unit and unit; 2004–2019. Available from: www.statistikbanken.dk/INDKF201. Accessed June 22, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Christiansen CF, Christensen S, Johansen MB, Larsen KM, Tønnesen E, Sørensen HT. The impact of pre-admission morbidity level on 3-year mortality after intensive care: a Danish cohort study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2011;55(8):962–970.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christiansen CF, Møller MH, Nielsen H, Christensen S. The Danish intensive care database. Clin Epidemiol. 2016;8:525–530. doi:10.2147/CLEP.S99476
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersen JS, Olivarius Nde F, Krasnik A. The Danish national health service register. Scand J Public Health. 2011;39(7 Suppl):34–37. doi:10.1177/1403494810394718
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Statistics Denmark. Elderly indicators; 2021. Available from: https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/dokumentation/documentationofstatistics/elderly—indicators. Accessed June 22, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Statistics Denmark. Home care provision, months of reporting by municipalities; 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Pedersen AB, Mikkelsen EM, Cronin-Fenton D, et al. Missing data and multiple imputation in clinical epidemiological research. Clin Epidemiol. 2017;9:157–166. doi:10.2147/CLEP.S129785
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olivarius NF, Hollnagel H, Krasnik A, Pedersen PA, Thorsen H. The Danish national health service register. A tool for primary health care research. Dan Med Bull. 1997;44(4):449–453.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Commision. EU health programme; 2003. Available from: https://ec.europa.eu/health/funding/key_documents_en#anchor2. Accessed June 14, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Timm HM, Jarlbæk TB, Jarlbæk L. Specialiseret palliativ indsats i Danmark mangler kapacitet og tilgængelighed. Ugeskr Laeger. 2017;179(26):V02170094.
   Google Scholar
• Schou-Andersen M, Ullersted MP, Jensen AB, Neergaard MA. Factors associated with preference for dying at home among terminally ill patients with cancer. Scand J Caring Sci. 2016;30(3):466–476. doi:10.1111/scs.12265
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arias-Casais N, Garralda E, Rhee JY, et al. EAPC Atlas of Palliative Care in Europe 2019. Vilvoorde: EAPC Press; 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Hill AD, Stukel TA, Fu L, et al. Trends in site of death and health care utilization at the end of life: a population-based cohort study. CMAJ Open. 2019;7(2):E306–E315. doi:10.9778/cmajo.20180097
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Centeno C, Lynch T, Donea O, et al. EAPC Atlas of Palliative Care in Europe 2013. Full ed. Milan: EAPC Press; 2013.
   Google Scholar