Asunercept as an innovative therapeutic approach for recurrent glioblastoma and other malignancies

References

• Louis DN, Perry A, Reifenberger G, et al. The 2016 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the central nervous system: a summary. Acta Neuropathol. 2016;131(6):803–820. doi:10.1007/s00401-016-1545-127157931
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ostrom QT, Gittleman H, Truitt G, et al. CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2011–2015. Neuro Oncol. 2018;20(suppl_4):iv1–iv86. doi:10.1093/neuonc/noy13130445539
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stupp R, Brada M, van Den Bent MJ, Tonn J-C, Pentheroudakis G. ESMO guidelines working group. high-grade glioma: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2014;25(Suppl3):iii93–iii101. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdu05024782454
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Weller M, van Den Bent M, Hopkins K, et al. European Association for Neuro-Oncology (EANO) task force on malignant glioma. EANO guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of anaplastic gliomas and glioblastoma. Lancet Oncol. 2014;15(9):e395–e403. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70011-725079102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. Version 1.2018 Central Nervous System Cancers. Available from: https://www.nccn.org/. Accessed July 31, 2019.
   Google Scholar
• National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Brain Tumours (primary) and Brain Metastases in Adults. NICE guideline (NG99); 2018 Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng99. Accessed July 31, 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Stupp R, Hegi ME, Mason WP, et al. Effects of radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide versus radiotherapy alone on survival in glioblastoma in a randomised phase III study: 5-year analysis of the EORTC-NCIC trial. Lancet Oncol. 2009;10:459–466. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(09)70234-719269895
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wick W, Osswald M, Wick A, Winkler F. Treatment of glioblastoma in adults. Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2018;11:1756286418790452. doi:10.1177/175628641879045230083233
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu J, Powis de Tenbossche CG, Cané S, et al. Resistance to cancer immunotherapy mediated by apoptosis of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Nat Commun. 2017;8(1):1404. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-00784-129123081
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Peter ME, Hadji A, Murmann AE, et al. The role of CD95 and CD95 ligand in cancer. Cell Death Differ. 2015;22(4):549–559. doi:10.1038/cdd.2015.325656654
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Motz GT, Santoro SP, Wang LP, et al. Tumor endothelium fasL establishes a selective immune barrier promoting tolerance in tumors. Nat Med. 2014;20(6):607–615. doi:10.1038/nm.354124793239
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yi F, Frazzette N, Cruz AC, Klebanoff CA, Siegel RM. Beyond cell death: new functions for TNF family cytokines in autoimmunity and tumor immunotherapy. Trends Mol Med. 2018;24(7):642–653. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2018.05.00429880309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lakins MA, Ghorani E, Munir H, Martins CP, Shields JD. Cancer-associated fibroblasts induce antigen-specific deletion of CD8+ T cells to protect tumour cells. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):948. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03347-029507342
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ceppi P, Hadji A, Kohlhapp FJ, et al. CD95 and CD95L promote and protect cancer stem cells. Nat Commun. 2014;5:5238. doi:10.1038/ncomms597225366259
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kleber S, Sancho-Martinez I, Wiestler B, et al. Yes and PI3K bind CD95 to signal invasion of glioblastoma. Cancer Cell. 2008;13(3):235–248. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2008.02.00318328427
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osuka S, Van Meir EG. Overcoming therapeutic resistance in glioblastoma: the way forward. J Clin Invest. 2017;127(2):415–426. doi:10.1172/JCI8958728145904
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang Q, Zhang QB, Dong J, et al. Glioma stem cells are more aggressive in recurrent tumors with malignant progression than in the primary tumor, and both can be maintained long-term in vitro. BMC Cancer. 2008;8:304. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-8-17218940013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorlia T, Stupp R, Brandes AA, et al. New prognostic factors and calculators for outcome prediction in patients with recurrent glioblastoma: a pooled analysis of EORTC brain tumour group phase I and II clinical trials. Eur J Cancer. 2012;48:1176–1184. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2012.02.00422464345
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merz C, Strecker A, Sykora J, et al. Neutralization of the CD95 ligand by APG101 inhibits invasion of glioma cells in vitro. Anticancer Drugs. 2015;26(7):716–727. doi:10.1097/CAD.000000000000023725850884
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blaes J, Thomé CM, Pfenning PN, et al. Inhibition of CD95/CD95L (FAS/FASLG) signalling with APG101 prevents invasion and enhances radiation therapy for glioblastoma. Mol Cancer Res. 2018;16(5):767–776. doi:10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-17-056329453321
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wick W, Fricke H, Junge K, et al. A phase II, randomized, study of weekly APG101+reirradiation versus reirradiation in progressive glioblastoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2014;20:6304–6313. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-13-304525338498
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fricke H, Hanke N, Kunz C, et al. Asunercept plus radiotherapy in relapsed glioblastoma. Update on five years overall survival of study NCT01071837 and development of a population-PK-tumor growth inhibition survival model. Poster presented at 23 annual meeting of society for neuro oncology, New Orleans, Louisiana 15–18 Nov 2018. Neuro-Oncology. 2018;20(Suppl 6):vi3.
   Google Scholar
• Wick W, Krendyukov A, Junge K, et al. Longitudinal Analysis of Quality of Life following Treatment with Asunercept Plus Reirradiation versus Reirradiation in Progressive Glioblastoma Patients. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37(15 Suppl):Abstract 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Gieffers C, Kunz C, Sykora J, et al. Methylation of a single CpG site in the CD95-ligand promoter is a biomarker predicting the response to therapy with APG101 in glioblastoma. [abstract]. In: proceedings of the 107th annual meeting of the American association for cancer research. 2016 Apr 16–20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR Cancer Res. 2016;76(14Suppl): Abstractnr 464. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-0584
   Google Scholar
• Raimbault A, Pierre-Eugene C, Rouquette A, et al. Groupe francophone des myélodysplasies. APG101 efficiently rescues erythropoiesis in lower risk myelodysplastic syndromes with severe impairment of hematopoiesis. Oncotarget. 2016;7(12):14898–14911. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.746926910909
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boch T, Luft T, Metzgeroth G, et al. Safety and efficacy of the CD95-ligand inhibitor asunercept in transfusion-dependent patients with low and intermediate risk MDS. Leuk Res. 2018;68:62–69. doi:10.1016/j.leukres.2018.03.00729549809
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuettenberg J, Seiz M, Debatin KM, et al. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety and tolerability of APG101, a CD95-Fc fusion protein, in healthy volunteers and two glioma patients. Int Immunopharmacol. 2012;13(1):93–100. doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2012.03.00422446296
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seidel JA, Otsuka A, Kabashima K. Anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 therapies in cancer: mechanisms of action, efficacy, and limitations. Front Oncol. 2018;8:86. doi:10.3389/fonc.2018.0008629644214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar