References
- Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2017. CA Cancer J Clin. 2017;67(1 ):7–30. doi:10.3322/caac.2138728055103
- Chen W, Zheng R, Baade PD, et al. Cancer statistics in China, 2015. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016;66(2 ):115–132. doi:10.3322/caac.2133826808342
- Morris LG, Tuttle RM, Davies L. Changing trends in the incidence of thyroid cancer in the United States. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016;142(7 ):709–711. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2016.023027078686
- Xing M. Molecular pathogenesis and mechanisms of thyroid cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2013;13(3 ):184–199. doi:10.1038/nrc343123429735
- Leboulleux S, Rubino C, Baudin E, et al. Prognostic factors for persistent or recurrent disease of papillary thyroid carcinoma with neck lymph node metastases and/or tumor extension beyond the thyroid capsule at initial diagnosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90(10 ):5723–5729. doi:10.1210/jc.2005-028516030160
- Burns WR, Zeiger MA. Differentiated thyroid cancer. Semin Oncol. 2010;37(6 ):557–566. doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2010.10.00821167375
- Kim SK, Kwon AY, Back K, et al. Predictive factors of lymph node metastasis in follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2017;24(9 ):2617–2623. doi:10.1245/s10434-017-5912-528685355
- Blanchard C, Brient C, Volteau C, et al. Factors predictive of lymph node metastasis in the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Br J Surg. 2013;100(10 ):1312–1317. doi:10.1002/bjs.2013.100.issue-1023939843
- Lee YM, Sung TY, Kim WB, Chung KW, Yoon JH, Hong SJ. Risk factors for recurrence in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma undergoing modified radical neck dissection. Br J Surg. 2016;103(8 ):1020–1025. doi:10.1002/bjs.1014427121346
- Liu FH, Kuo SF, Hsueh C, Chao TC, Lin JD. Postoperative recurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma with lymph node metastasis. J Surg Oncol. 2015;112(2 ):149–154. doi:10.1002/jso.2396726175314
- Xing M. BRAF mutation in thyroid cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2005;12(2 ):245–262. doi:10.1677/erc.1.097815947100
- Ciarrocchi A, Cavuto S, Piana S. BRAF V600E mutation and papillary thyroid cancer. JAMA. 2013;310(5 ):534. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.8589
- Blasco MA. Telomeres and human disease: ageing, cancer and beyond. Nat Rev Genet. 2005;6(8 ):611–622. doi:10.1038/nrg165616136653
- Bu R, Siraj AK, Divya SP, et al. Telomerase reverse transcriptase mutations are independent predictor of disease-free survival in Middle Eastern papillary thyroid cancer. Int J Cancer. 2017;142(10 ).
- Jin L, Chen E, Dong S, et al. BRAF and TERT promoter mutations in the aggressiveness of papillary thyroid carcinoma: a study of 653 patients. Oncotarget. 2016;7(14 ):18346–18355. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.781126943032
- Abubaker J, Jehan Z, Bavi P, et al. Clinicopathological analysis of papillary thyroid cancer with PIK3CA alterations in a Middle Eastern population. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;93(2 ):611–618. doi:10.1210/jc.2007-171718000091
- Garcia-Rostan G, Costa AM, Pereira-Castro I, et al. Mutation of the PIK3CA gene in anaplastic thyroid cancer. Cancer Res. 2005;65(22 ):10199–10207. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-425916288007
- Hulpiau P, van Roy F. Molecular evolution of the cadherin superfamily. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2009;41(2 ):349–369. doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2008.09.02718848899
- Gumbiner BM. Cell adhesion: the molecular basis of tissue architecture and morphogenesis. Cell. 1996;84(3 ):345–357. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81279-98608588
- Angst BD, Marcozzi C, Magee AI. The cadherin superfamily: diversity in form and function. J Cell Sci. 2001;114(Pt 4 ):629–641.11171368
- Berx G, van Roy F. Involvement of members of the cadherin superfamily in cancer. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009;1(6 ):a003129. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a00312920457567
- Stemmler MP. Cadherins in development and cancer. Mol Biosyst. 2008;4(8 ):835–850. doi:10.1039/b719215k18633485
- Thedieck C, Kuczyk M, Klingel K, Steiert I, Muller CA, Klein G. Expression of Ksp-cadherin during kidney development and in renal cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 2005;92(11 ):2010–2017. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.660259715886705
- Kuehn A, Paner GP, Skinnider BF, et al. Expression analysis of kidney-specific cadherin in a wide spectrum of traditional and newly recognized renal epithelial neoplasms: diagnostic and histogenetic implications. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007;31(10 ):1528–1533. doi:10.1097/PAS.0b013e318058818c17895753
- Cali G, Gentile F, Mogavero S, et al. CDH16/Ksp-cadherin is expressed in the developing thyroid gland and is strongly down-regulated in thyroid carcinomas. Endocrinology. 2012;153(1 ):522–534. doi:10.1210/en.2011-157222028439
- Wang O, Zheng Z, Wang Q, et al. ZCCHC12, a novel oncogene in papillary thyroid cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2017;143(9 ):1679–1686. doi:10.1007/s00432-017-2414-628424903
- Lloyd RV, Buehler D, Khanafshar E. Papillary thyroid carcinoma variants. Head Neck Pathol. 2011;5(1 ):51–56. doi:10.1007/s12105-010-0236-921221869
- Morizane R, Monkawa T, Fujii S, et al. Kidney specific protein-positive cells derived from embryonic stem cells reproduce tubular structures in vitro and differentiate into renal tubular cells. PLoS One. 2014;8(6 ):e64843. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.006484323755150
- de Cristofaro T, Di Palma T, Fichera I, et al. An essential role for Pax8 in the transcriptional regulation of cadherin-16 in thyroid cells. Mole Endocrinol. 2012;26(1 ):67–78. doi:10.1210/me.2011-1090
- Koumarianou P, Gomez-Lopez G, Santisteban P. Pax8 controls thyroid follicular polarity through cadherin-16. J Cell Sci. 2017;130(1 ):219–231. doi:10.1242/jcs.18429127780871