119
Views
12
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Research Progress of Preoperative FPR, FAR or AFR in Patients with Colorectal Cancer

, , &
Pages 1791-1801 | Published online: 22 Feb 2021

References

  • Barontini J, Antinucci M, Tofanelli S, et al. Association between polymorphisms of TAS2R16 and susceptibility to colorectal cancer. BMC Gastroenterol. 2017;17(1):104.28915899
  • Stoffel EM, Koeppe E, Everett J, et al. Germline genetic features of young individuals with colorectal cancer. Gastroenterology. 2018;154(4):897–905.e1.29146522
  • Siegel RL, Miller KD, Goding Sauer A, et al. Colorectal cancer statistics, 2020. CA Cancer J Clin. 2020;70(3):145–164.32133645
  • Bergheim J, Semaan A, Gevensleben H, et al. Potential of quantitative SEPT9 and SHOX2 methylation in plasmatic circulating cell-free DNA as auxiliary staging parameter in colorectal cancer: a prospective observational cohort study. Br J Cancer. 2018;118(9):1217–1228.29610456
  • Singal AG, Gupta S, Skinner CS, et al. Effect of colonoscopy outreach vs fecal immunochemical test outreach on colorectal cancer screening completion: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2017;318(9):806–815.28873161
  • Kennedy A, Cohn M, Coldwell DM, et al. Updated survival outcomes and analysis of long-term survivors from the MORE study on safety and efficacy of radioembolization in patients with unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastases. J Gastrointest Oncol. 2017;8(4):614–624.28890810
  • Park S, Kang BW, Lee SJ, et al. Clinical significance of systemic chemotherapy after curative resection of metachronous pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2017;80(1):187–193.28597039
  • Inamura K. Colorectal cancers: an update on their molecular pathology. Cancers (Basel). 2018;10(1).
  • Sun KY, Xu JB, Chen SL, et al. Novel immunological and nutritional-based prognostic index for gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21(19):5961–5971.26019461
  • Cai W, Kong W, Dong B, et al. Pretreatment serum prealbumin as an independent prognostic indicator in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma using tyrosine kinase inhibitors as first-line target therapy. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2017;15(3):e437–e446.28188047
  • Miura K, Hamanaka K, Koizumi T, et al. Clinical significance of preoperative serum albumin level for prognosis in surgically resected patients with non-small cell lung cancer: comparative study of normal lung, emphysema, and pulmonary fibrosis. Lung Cancer. 2017;111:88–95.28838406
  • Huang W, Wang S, Zhang H, et al. Prognostic significance of combined fibrinogen concentration and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Biol Med. 2018;15(1):88–96.29545972
  • Li SQ, You XH, Sun F, et al. Albumin to fibrinogen ratio and fibrinogen to pre-albumin ratio are economical, simple and promising prognostic factors for solid malignancy. J Thorac Dis. 2019;11(Suppl 15):S2036–2036S2038.31632821
  • Zhang WW, Zhang ZW, He L. Analysis of prognostic factors in 342 patients with ovarian cancer undergoing surgery. Chin J Cancer Prev Treat. 2019;26:1288–1295. doi:10.16073/j.cnki.cjcpt.2019.17.11
  • Tan Z, Zhang M, Han Q, et al. A novel blood tool of cancer prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: the fibrinogen/albumin ratio. J Cancer. 2017;8(6):1025–1029.28529615
  • Hwang KT, Chung JK, Roh EY, et al. Prognostic influence of preoperative fibrinogen to albumin ratio for breast cancer. J Breast Cancer. 2017;20(3):254–263.28970851
  • Liang Y, Wang W, Que Y, et al. Prognostic value of the fibrinogen/albumin ratio (FAR) in patients with operable soft tissue sarcoma. BMC Cancer. 2018;18(1):942.30285656
  • Zhang J, Li SQ, Liao ZH, et al. Prognostic value of a novel FPR biomarker in patients with surgical stage II and III gastric cancer. Oncotarget. 2017;8(43):75195–75205.29088857
  • Sun F, Peng HX, Gao QF, et al. Preoperative circulating FPR and CCF score are promising biomarkers for predicting clinical outcome of stage II-III colorectal cancer patients. Cancer Manag Res. 2018;10:2151–2161.30050325
  • Chen QG, Zhang L, Sun F, et al. Elevated FPR confers to radiochemoresistance and predicts clinical efficacy and outcome of metastatic colorectal cancer patients. Aging (Albany NY). 2019;11(6):1716–1732.30897064
  • Wang YY, Liu ZZ, Xu D, et al. Fibrinogen-Albumin Ratio Index (FARI): a more promising inflammation-based prognostic marker for patients undergoing hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases. Ann Surg Oncol. 2019;26(11):3682–3692.31264117
  • Allin KH, Bojesen SE, Nordestgaard BG. Inflammatory biomarkers and risk of cancer in 84,000 individuals from the general population. Int J Cancer. 2016;139(7):1493–1500.27194008
  • Nazha B, Moussaly E, Zaarour M, et al. Hypoalbuminemia in colorectal cancer prognosis: nutritional marker or inflammatory surrogate? World J Gastrointest Surg. 2015;7(12):370–377.26730282
  • Zhou J, Hiki N, Mine S, et al. Role of prealbumin as a powerful and simple index for predicting postoperative complications after gastric cancer surgery. Ann Surg Oncol. 2017;24(2):510–517.27638673
  • Loftus TJ, Brown MP, Slish JH, Rosenthal MD. Serum levels of prealbumin and albumin for preoperative risk stratification. Nutr Clin Pract. 2019;34(3):340–348.30908744
  • Li XF, Wang X, Lu WJ, et al. Relationship between fibrinogen/albumin ratio and coronary collateral circulation in patients with chronic total occlusion. Henan Med Res. 2020;29:589.
  • Miao Y, Li S, Yan Q, et al. Prognostic significance of preoperative prognostic nutritional index in epithelial ovarian cancer patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Oncol Res Treat. 2016;39(11):712–719.27855385
  • Deme D, Telekes A. [Prognostic importance of albumin in oncology]. Orv Hetil. 2018;159(3):96–106. Hungarian.29332415
  • Fujino S, Myoshi N, Saso K, et al. The inflammation-nutrition score supports the prognostic prediction of the TNM stage for colorectal cancer patients after curative resection. Surg Today. 2020;50(2):163–170.31414182
  • González-Trejo S, Carrillo JF, Carmona-Herrera DD, et al. Baseline serum albumin and other common clinical markers are prognostic factors in colorectal carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017;96(15):e6610.28403106
  • Lu J, Xu BB, Zheng ZF, et al. CRP/prealbumin, a novel inflammatory index for predicting recurrence after radical resection in gastric cancer patients: post hoc analysis of a randomized Phase III trial. Gastric Cancer. 2019;22(3):536–545.30377862
  • Zhang L, Zhang J, Wang Y, et al. Potential prognostic factors for predicting the chemotherapeutic outcomes and prognosis of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Lab Anal. 2019;33(8):e22958.31218745
  • Smith SH. Using albumin and prealbumin to assess nutritional status. Nursing. 2017;47(4):65–66.
  • Lee JL, Oh ES, Lee RW, et al. Serum albumin and prealbumin in calorically restricted, nondiseased individuals: a systematic review. Am J Med. 2015;128(9):1023.e1–22.
  • Liu X, Sun X, Liu J, et al. Preoperative C-reactive protein/albumin ratio predicts prognosis of patients after curative resection for gastric cancer. Transl Oncol. 2015;8(4):339–345.26310380
  • Ma YQ, Zhang YQ, Liu DL, et al. Correlation analysis of postoperative albumin changes and complications in elderly patients with gastric cancer with normal preoperative serum albumin level. Clin Oncol China. 2020;47:823.
  • Sun YR, Gao XY, Lu ZJ, et al. Predictive efficacy of preoperative plasma fibrinogen to albumin ratio for adverse cardiovascular events in patients with NSTE-ACS after PCI. Shandong Med. 2020;60:81.
  • Kavitha S, Sridhar MG, Satheesh S. Periprocedural plasma fibrinogen levels and coronary stent outcome. Indian Heart J. 2015;67(5):440–443.26432731
  • Ahn HJ, Baker SK, Norris EH, et al. Inflaming the Brain. Neuron. 2019;101(6):991–993.30897363
  • Perisanidis C, Psyrri A, Cohen EE, et al. Prognostic role of pretreatment plasma fibrinogen in patients with solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Treat Rev. 2015;41(10):960–970.26604093
  • Ji R, Ren Q, Bai S, et al. Prognostic significance of pretreatment plasma fibrinogen level in patients with digestive system tumors: a meta-analysis. Int J Biol Markers. 2018;33(3):254–265.29874984
  • Huang J, Wang Y, Yuan Y, et al. Preoperative serum pre-albumin as an independent prognostic indicator in patients with localized upper tract urothelial carcinoma after radical nephroureterectomy. Oncotarget. 2017;8(22):36772–36779.27906675
  • Hu WH, Cajas-Monson LC, Eisenstein S, et al. Preoperative malnutrition assessments as predictors of postoperative mortality and morbidity in colorectal cancer: an analysis of ACS-NSQIP. Nutr J. 2015;14:91.26345703
  • Marco P, Marco A. [Biomolecular markers in cancer-associated thromboembolism]. Med Clin (Barc). 2015;144(Suppl 1):21–25. Spain.
  • Zhang D, Zhou X, Bao W, et al. Plasma fibrinogen levels are correlated with postoperative distant metastasis and prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget. 2015;6(35):38410–38420.26334098
  • Jain A, Zhang Q, Toh HC. Awakening immunity against cancer: a 2017 primer for clinicians. Chin J Cancer. 2017;36(1):67.28823251
  • Zhu L, Zhang JQ. Clinical analysis of coagulation and fibrinolysis indexes in patients with malignant tumor and relevant nursing countermeasures. Thrombosis Hemostasis. 2016;22:588.
  • Li RT, Sun ZQ, Wang HB. The prognostic value of the ratio of fibrinogen to prealbumin in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2019;24:237.
  • Hong T, Shen D, Chen X, et al. Preoperative plasma fibrinogen, but not D-dimer might represent a prognostic factor in non-metastatic colorectal cancer: a prospective cohort study. Cancer Biomark. 2017;19(1):103–111.28269756
  • Zhou F, Wen GR. Relationship between fibrinogen/albumin ratio, high sensitivity C-reactive protein/prealbumin ratio and prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary intervention. Trauma Crit Care Med. 2020;8:113.
  • Virizuela JA, Camblor-álvarez M, Luengo-Pérez LM, et al. Nutritional support and parenteral nutrition in cancer patients: an expert consensus report. Clin Transl Oncol. 2018;20(5):619–629.29043569
  • Okada S, Shimada J, Kato D, et al. Clinical significance of prognostic nutritional index after surgical treatment in lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg. 2017;104(1):296–302.28433217
  • Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL, et al. Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin. 2015;65(2):87–108.25651787
  • You SY, Rui W, Chen ST, et al. Process of immunogenic cell death caused by disulfiram as the anti-colorectal cancer candidate. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2019;513(4):891–897.31003768
  • Hänggi K, Oncogenic RB. KRAS drives immune suppression in colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell. 2019;35(4):535–537.30991021
  • Kotoula V, Fostira F, Fountzilas E. Primary resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic colorectal cancer-beyond the misdiagnosis. JAMA Oncol. 2019;5(5):740–741.30973597
  • Leischner C, Burkard M, Pfeiffer MM, et al. Nutritional immunology: function of natural killer cells and their modulation by resveratrol for cancer prevention and treatment. Nutr J. 2016;15(1):47.27142426
  • Matsumoto Y, Zhou Q, Kamimura K, et al. The prognostic nutrition index predicts the development of hematological toxicities in and the prognosis of esophageal cancer patients treated with cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Nutr Cancer. 2018;70(3):447–452.29521534
  • Nakatani M, Migita K, Matsumoto S, et al. Prognostic significance of the prognostic nutritional index in patients with recurrent esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Nutr Cancer. 2018;70(3):467–473.29528703
  • Daniele A, Divella R, Abbate I, et al. Assessment of nutritional and inflammatory status to determine the prevalence of malnutrition in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal carcinoma. Anticancer Res. 2017;37(3):1281–1287.28314293
  • Magzal F, Sela S, Szuchman-Sapir A, et al. In-vivo oxidized albumin- a pro-inflammatory agent in hypoalbuminemia. PLoS One. 2017;12(5):e0177799.28542419
  • Alkan A, Köksoy EB, Utkan G. Albumin to globulin ratio, a predictor or a misleader? Ann Oncol. 2015;26(2):443–444.25467014
  • Moujaess E, Fakhoury M, Assi T, et al. The Therapeutic use of human albumin in cancer patients’ management. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2017;120:203–209.29198333
  • Filip B, Scarpa M, Cavallin F, et al. Postoperative outcome after oesophagectomy for cancer: nutritional status is the missing ring in the current prognostic scores. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2015;41(6):787–794.25890494
  • Xu Q, Yan Y, Gu S, et al. A novel inflammation-based prognostic score: the fibrinogen/albumin ratio predicts prognoses of patients after curative resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Immunol Res. 2018;2018:4925498.30027102
  • Barao K, Abe Vicente Cavagnari M, Silva Fucuta P, et al. Association between nutrition status and survival in elderly patients with colorectal cancer. Nutr Clin Pract. 2017;32(5):658–663.28535359
  • Mills JC, Samuelson LC. Past questions and current understanding about gastric cancer. Gastroenterology. 2018;155(4):939–944.29964037
  • Che Y, Wang J, Li Y, et al. Cisplatin-activated PAI-1 secretion in the cancer-associated fibroblasts with paracrine effects promoting esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression and causing chemoresistance. Cell Death Dis. 2018;9(7):759.29988148
  • Bakker E, Qattan M, Mutti L, et al. The role of microenvironment and immunity in drug response in leukemia. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016;1863(3):414–426.26255027
  • Isella C, Terrasi A, Bellomo SE, et al. Stromal contribution to the colorectal cancer transcriptome. Nat Genet. 2015;47(4):312–319.25706627
  • Farhan-Alanie OM, McMahon J, McMillan DC. Systemic inflammatory response and survival in patients undergoing curative resection of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015;53(2):126–131.25440150
  • Friis S, Riis AH, Erichsen R, et al. Low-dose aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and colorectal cancer risk: a population-based, case-control study. Ann Intern Med. 2015;163(5):347–355.26302241
  • Nan H, Hutter CM, Lin Y, et al. Association of aspirin and NSAID use with risk of colorectal cancer according to genetic variants. JAMA. 2015;313(11):1133–1142.25781442
  • Dolan RD, McSorley ST, Park JH, et al. The prognostic value of systemic inflammation in patients undergoing surgery for colon cancer: comparison of composite ratios and cumulative scores. Br J Cancer. 2018;119(1):40–51.29789606
  • Jagadesham VP, Lagarde SM, Immanuel A, et al. Systemic inflammatory markers and outcome in patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus and gastro-oesophageal junction. Br J Surg. 2017;104(4):401–407.28072456
  • Berzigotti A, Reig M, Abraldes JG, et al. Portal hypertension and the outcome of surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma in compensated cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hepatology. 2015;61(2):526–536.25212123
  • Kozasa K, Mabuchi S, Komura N, et al. Comparison of clinical utilities of the platelet count and platelet-lymphocyte ratio for predicting survival in patients with cervical cancer: a single institutional study and literature review. Oncotarget. 2017;8(33):55394–55404.28903428
  • Wu Y, Zhou D, Zhang G, et al. Preoperative serum platelet-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic factor in cholangiocarcinoma patients after radical resection: a retrospective analysis of 119 patients. Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2019;2019:8506967.30809257
  • Wu CC, Li SH, Lu HI, et al. Inflammation-based prognostic scores predict the prognosis of locally advanced cervical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients receiving curative concurrent chemoradiotherapy: a propensity score-matched analysis. PeerJ. 2018;6:e5655.30258731
  • Lv Y, Zhang J, Liu Z, et al. A novel inflammation-based prognostic index for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: neutrophil lymphocyte ratio/prealbumin ratio. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(7):e14562.30762804
  • Wei XL, Wang FH, Zhang DS, et al. A novel inflammation-based prognostic score in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio. BMC Cancer. 2015;15:350.25934640
  • Wei SH, Wang Y, Ye ZS, et al. Relationship between preoperative serum albumin level and clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with gastric stump cancer. Chin J Gen Surg. 2018;33:828.
  • Huynh PT, Beswick EJ, Coronado YA, et al. CD90(+) stromal cells are the major source of IL-6, which supports cancer stem-like cells and inflammation in colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer. 2016;138(8):1971–1981.26595254
  • Li Y, Shi J, Qi S, et al. Correction to: IL-33 facilitates proliferation of colorectal cancer dependent on COX2/PGE2. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2020;39(1):15.31948467
  • Lee S, Huh SJ, Oh SY, et al. Clinical significance of coagulation factors in operable colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett. 2017;13(6):4669–4674.28599468
  • Lee JH, Hyun JH, Kim DY, et al. The role of fibrinogen as a predictor in preoperative chemoradiation for rectal cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2015;22(1):209–215.25384698
  • Yachen X, Qiqi W, Xia W. Prognostic evaluation of preoperative AFR and FPR in patients with colorectal cancer. J Clin Pathol Res. 2020;40(4):898–904.
  • Zhang Y, Xiao G. Prognostic significance of the ratio of fibrinogen and albumin in human malignancies: a meta-analysis. Cancer Manag Res. 2019;11:3381–3393.31114374
  • Schreuders EH, Ruco A, Rabeneck L, et al. Colorectal cancer screening: a global overview of existing programmes. Gut. 2015;64(10):1637–1649.26041752
  • Adams GN, Rosenfeldt L, Frederick M, et al. Colon cancer growth and dissemination relies upon thrombin, stromal PAR-1, and fibrinogen. Cancer Res. 2015;75(19):4235–4243.26238780
  • Li R, Song SB, Li Q, et al. Effect of the ratio of fibrinogen to albumin before operation on the prognosis of patients with gallbladder carcinoma. Chin J Gen Surg. 2020;35:142.
  • Zhao C, Su Y, Zhang J, et al. Fibrinogen-derived fibrinostatin inhibits tumor growth through anti-angiogenesis. Cancer Sci. 2015;106(11):1596–1606.26300396
  • Chen C, Liu Y, Cui B. Effect of radiotherapy on T cell and PD-1/PD-L1 blocking therapy in tumor microenvironment. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021;1–13.
  • Xu WY, Zhang HH, Xiong JP, et al. Prognostic significance of the fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio in gallbladder cancer patients. World J Gastroenterol. 2018;24(29):3281–3292.30090008
  • Graf ME, Sookthai D, Johnson T, et al. Pre-diagnostic plasma concentrations of Fibrinogen, sGPIIb/IIIa, sP-selectin, sThrombomodulin, Thrombopoietin in relation to cancer risk: findings from a large prospective study. Int J Cancer. 2018;143(11):2659–2667.29923180
  • Tominaga T, Nonaka T, Sumida Y, et al. The C-reactive protein to albumin ratio as a predictor of severe side effects of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage III colorectal cancer patients. PLoS One. 2016;11(12):e0167967.27930703
  • Lu S, Liu Z, Zhou X, et al. Preoperative Fibrinogen-Albumin Ratio Index (FARI) is a reliable prognosis and chemoradiotherapy sensitivity predictor in locally advanced rectal cancer patients undergoing radical surgery following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Cancer Manag Res. 2020;12:8555–8568.32982448
  • Li SQ, Jiang YH, Lin J, et al. Albumin-to-fibrinogen ratio as a promising biomarker to predict clinical outcome of non-small cell lung cancer individuals. Cancer Med. 2018;7(4):1221–1231.29533009
  • Gao QF, Qiu JC, Huang XH, et al. The predictive and prognostic role of a novel ADS score in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients undergoing esophagectomy. Cancer Cell Int. 2018;18:153.30305803
  • Zhang L, Chen QG, Li SQ, et al. Preoperative fibrinogen to prealbumin ratio as a novel predictor for clinical outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma. Future Oncol. 2019;15(1):13–22.
  • Wu M, Pan Y, Jia Z, et al. Preoperative plasma fibrinogen and serum albumin score is an independent prognostic factor for resectable stage II-III gastric cancer. Dis Markers. 2019;2019:9060845.31781312
  • Patel M, McSorley ST, Park JH, et al. The relationship between right-sided tumour location, tumour microenvironment, systemic inflammation, adjuvant therapy and survival in patients undergoing surgery for colon and rectal cancer. Br J Cancer. 2018;118(5):705–712.29337962
  • Lee GH, Malietzis G, Askari A, et al. Is right-sided colon cancer different to left-sided colorectal cancer? - a systematic review. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2015;41(3):300–308.25468456
  • Matsuda S, Takeuchi H, Kawakubo H, et al. Cumulative prognostic scores based on plasma fibrinogen and serum albumin levels in esophageal cancer patients treated with transthoracic esophagectomy: comparison with the Glasgow prognostic score. Ann Surg Oncol. 2015;22(1):302–310.24952029
  • Sun DW, An L, Lv GY. Albumin-fibrinogen ratio and fibrinogen-prealbumin ratio as promising prognostic markers for cancers: an updated meta-analysis. World J Surg Oncol. 2020;18(1):9.31931816
  • Sun F, Tan YA, Gao QF, et al. Circulating fibrinogen to pre-albumin ratio is a promising biomarker for diagnosis of colorectal cancer. J Clin Lab Anal. 2019;33(1):e22635.30047185
  • Shao SL, Chen YM, Yan HP, Feng YD. A novel prognostic marker for colorectal cancer: preoperative fibrinogen albumin ratio. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technol. 2020;49(3):249–254.
  • Shibutani M, Maeda K, Nagahara H, et al. The pretreatment albumin to globulin ratio predicts chemotherapeutic outcomes in patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer. 2015;15:347.25934494
  • Artaç M, Uysal M, Karaağaç M, et al. Prognostic impact of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet count, CRP, and albumin levels in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with FOLFIRI-bevacizumab. J Gastrointest Cancer. 2017;48(2):176–180.27714653
  • Shibutani M, Maeda K, Nagahara H, et al. Prognostic significance of the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21(34):9966–9973.26379401
  • Wu Y, Li C, Zhao J, et al. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios predict chemotherapy outcomes and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer and synchronous liver metastasis. World J Surg Oncol. 2016;14(1):289.27852294
  • Zheng RS, Sun KX, Zhang SW, et al. [Report of cancer epidemiology in China, 2015]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 2019;41(1):19–28. Chinese.30678413