The Risk Assessment and Clinical Research of Bile Duct Injury After Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

References

• Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, et al. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(6):394–424. doi:10.3322/caac.21492.30207593
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takayasu K, Arai S, Ikai I, et al. Prospective cohort study of transarterial chemoembolization for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in 8510 patients. Gastroenterology. 2006;131(2):461–469. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2006.05.021.16890600
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou J, Sun HC, Wang Z, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2019 Edition). Liver Cancer. 2020;9(6):682–720. doi:10.1159/000509424.33442540
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lo CM, Ngan H, Tso WK, et al. Randomized controlled trial of transarterial lipiodol chemoembolization for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2002;35(5):1164–1171. doi:10.1053/jhep.2002.33156.11981766
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Makary MS, Khandpur U, Cloyd JM, et al. Locoregional therapy approaches for Hepatocellular carcinoma: recent advances and management strategies. Cancers. 2020;12(7):1914. doi:10.3390/cancers12071914.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varela M, Real MI, Burrell M, et al. Chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma with drug eluting beads: efficacy and doxorubicin pharmacokinetics. J Hepatol. 2007;46(3):474–481. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2006.10.020.17239480
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta S, Johnson MM, Murthy R, et al. Hepatic arterial embolization and chemoembolization for the treatment of patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors: variables affecting response rates and survival. Cancer. 2005;104(8):1590–1602. doi:10.1002/cncr.21389.16134179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sueyoshi E, Hayashida T, Sakamoto I, et al. Vascular complications of hepatic artery after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Roentgenol. 2010;195(1):245–251. doi:10.2214/AJR.08.2301.20566824
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chung JW, Park JH, Han JK, et al. Hepatic tumors: predisposing factors for complications of transcatheter oily chemoembolization. Radiology. 1996;198(1):33–40. doi:10.1148/radiology.198.1.8539401.8539401
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tarazov PG, Polysalov VN, Prozorovskij KV, et al. Ischemic complications of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in liver malignancies. Acta Radiologica. 2000;41(2):156–160. doi:10.1080/028418500127344966.10741789
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim HK, Chung Y-H, Song B-C, et al. Ischemic bile duct injury as a serious complication after transarterial chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2001;32(5):423–427. doi:10.1097/00004836-200105000-0001311319315
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Komatsu M, Fujii T, Goto T, et al. Giant hepatic biloma following transcatheter oily chemoembolization in a patient with hepatic metastases from malignant pheochromocytoma. Internal Med. 1998;37(12):1034–1038. doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.37.1034.9932636
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pua U. Transarterial chemoembolization induced main duct stricture. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011;9(12):A22. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2011.06.025.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kondo Y, Shiina S, Tateishi R, et al. Intrahepatic bile duct dilatation after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma: impact on patient’s prognosis. Liver Int. 2011;31(2):197–205. doi:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2010.02415.x.21159122
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhagat N, Reyes DK, Lin M, et al. Phase II study of chemoembolization with drug-eluting beads in patients with hepatic neuroendocrine metastases: high incidence of biliary injury. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2013;36(2):449–459. doi:10.1007/s00270-012-0424-y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EASL-EORTC. Clinical practice guidelines. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2012;56(4):908–943. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2011.12.001.22424438
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Llovet JM, Real MI, Montana X, et al. Arterial embolisation or chemoembolization versus symptomatic treatment in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 2002;359(9319):1734–1739. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08649-X.12049862
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chung J, Yu JS, Chung JJ, et al. Hemodynamic events and localised parenchymal changes following transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatic malignancy: interpretation of imaging findings. Br J Radiol. 2010;83(985):71–81. doi:10.1259/bjr/82377365.19581309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu JS, Kim KW, Jeong MG, et al. Predisposing factors of bile duct injury after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatic malignancy. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2002;25(4):270–274. doi:10.1007/s00270-001-0049-z.12042987
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu JS, Kim KW, Park MS, et al. Bile duct injuries leading to portal vein obliteration after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in the liver: CT findings and initial observations. Radiology. 2001;221(2):429–436. doi:10.1148/radiol.2212010339.11687687
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bang BW, Lee DH, Jeong S, et al. Ischemic biliary stricture developed after repeated transcatheter arterial chemoembolization diagnosed by percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastrointest Endosc. 2008;68(6):1224–1226. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2008.03.004.18555248
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Makuuchi M, Sukigara M, Mori T, et al. Bile duct necrosis: complication of transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization. Radiology. 1985;156(2):331–334. doi:10.1148/radiology.156.2.2989972.2989972
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kobayashi S, Nakanuma Y, Terada T, Matsui O. Postmortem survey of bile duct necrosis and biloma in hepatocellular carcinoma after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization therapy: relevance to microvascular damages of peribiliary capillary plexus. Am J Gastroenterol. 1993;88(9):1410–1415.8395764
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miyayama S, Yamashiro M, Hashimoto M, et al. Blood supply of the main bile duct from the caudate artery and medial subsegmental artery of the hepatic artery: evaluation using images obtained during transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res. 2013;43(11):1175–1181. doi:10.1111/hepr.12071.23387506
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miyayama S, Yamashiro M, Okuda M, et al. Main bile duct stricture occurring after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2010;33(6):1168–1179. doi:10.1007/s00270-009-9781-6.20058008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guiu B, Deschamps F, Aho S, et al. Liver/biliary injuries following chemoembolization of endocrine tumours and hepatocellular carcinoma: lipiodol vs. drug-eluting beads. J Hepatol. 2012;56(3):609–617. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2011.09.012.22027582
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spina JC, Ulla M, Yeyati EL, et al. MDCT findings after hepatic chemoembolization with DC-beads: what the radiologist needs to know. Abdom Imaging. 2013;38(4):778–784. doi:10.1007/s00261-012-9963-6.23053454
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kobayashi S, Kozaka K, Gabata T, et al. Pathophysiology and imaging findings of bile duct necrosis: a rare but serious complication of transarterial therapy for liver tumors. Cancers. 2020;12(9):2596. doi:10.3390/cancers12092596.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alabdulghani F, Healy GM, Cantwell CP, et al. Radiological findings in ischaemic cholangiopathy. Clin Radiol. 2020;75(3):161–168. doi:10.1016/j.crad.2019.10.017.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cui J, de Klerk N, Abramson M, et al. Fractional polynomials and model selection in generalized estimating equations analysis, with an application to a longitudinal epidemiologic study in Australia. Am J Epidemiol. 2009;169(1):113–121. doi:10.1093/aje/kwn292.18990716
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen W, Ying D, Liu Z, He Z. Analysis of the arterial supply of the extrahepatic bile ducts and its clinical significance. Clin Anatomy. 1999;12(4):245–249. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2353(1999)12:4<245::AID-CA2>3.0.CO;2-W.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunji H, Cho A, Tohma T, et al. The blood supply of the hilar bile duct and its relationship to the communicating arcade located between the right and left hepatic arteries. Am J Surg. 2006;192(3):276–280. doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2006.01.046.16920417
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strasberg SM, Helton WS. An analytical review of vasculobiliary injury in laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy. HPB (Oxford). 2011;13(1):1–14. doi:10.1111/j.1477-2574.2010.00225.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lang E, Brown C. Colorectal metastases to the liver: selective chemoembolization. Radiology. 1993;189(2):417–422. doi:10.1148/radiology.189.2.8210369.8210369
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Therasse E, Breittmayer F, Roche A, et al. Transcatheter chemoembolization of progressive carcinoid liver metastasis. Radiology. 1993;189(2):541–547. doi:10.1148/radiology.189.2.7692465.7692465
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakamoto I, Iwanaga S, Nagaoki K, et al. Intrahepatic biloma formation (bile duct necrosis) after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. Am J Roentgenol. 2003;181(1):79–87. doi:10.2214/ajr.181.1.1810079.12818833
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boulin M, Adam H, Guiu B, et al. Predictive factors of transarterial chemoembolization toxicity in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Dig Liver Dis. 2014;46(4):358–362. doi:10.1016/j.dld.2013.12.012.24462550
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Thompson CM, Saad NE, Quazi RR, et al. Management of iatrogenic bile duct injuries: role of the interventional radiologist. Radiographics. 2013;33(1):117–134. doi:10.1148/rg.331125044.23322833
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar