Human Polycomb Protein 2 (hPC2) as a Novel Independent Prognostic Marker in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

References

• Chen YP , Chan ATC , Le QT , et al. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Lancet . 2019;394(10192):64–80. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30956-0 31178151
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao SM , Simons MJ , Qian CN . The prevalence and prevention of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in China. Chin J Cancer . 2011;30(2):114–119. doi:10.5732/cjc.010.10377 21272443
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jia WH , Qin HD . Non-viral environmental risk factors for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a systematic review. Semin Cancer Biol . 2012;22(2):117–126. doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2012.01.009 22311401
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu FH , Xiong D , Xu YF , et al. An epidemiological and molecular study of the relationship between smoking, risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and Epstein-Barr virus activation. J Natl Cancer Inst . 2012;104(18):1396–1410. doi:10.1093/jnci/djs320 22972969
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Xu M , Yao Y , Chen H , et al. Genome sequencing analysis identifies Epstein-Barr virus subtypes associated with high risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Nat Genet . 2019;51(7):1131–1136. doi:10.1038/s41588-019-0436-5 31209392
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee AWM , Ng WT , Chan JYW , et al. Management of locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Treat Rev . 2019;79:101890. doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2019.101890 31470314
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang L , Xiong W , Zhang L , et al. circSETD3 regulates MAPRE1 through miR-615-5p and miR-1538 sponges to promote migration and invasion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncogene . 2021;40(2):307–321. doi:10.1038/s41388-020-01531-5 33122825
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang Z , Chen W , Xu Y , et al. GSK3βmiR-4721, induced by EBV-miR-BART22, targets to enhance the tumorigenic capacity of NPC through the pathway. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids . 2020;22:557–571. doi:10.1016/j.omtn.2020.09.021 33230457
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Liu N , He QM , Chen JW , et al. Overexpression of CIP2A is an independent prognostic indicator in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its depletion suppresses cell proliferation and tumor growth. Mol Cancer . 2014;13(1):111. doi:10.1186/1476-4598-13-111 24884612
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang X , Qi Y , Zuo Y , et al. SUMO-specific protease 2 is essential for suppression of polycomb group protein-mediated gene silencing during embryonic development. Mol Cell . 2010;38(2):191–201. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2010.03.005 20417598
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ren X , Hu B , Song M , et al. Maintenance of nucleolar homeostasis by CBX4 alleviates senescence and osteoarthritis. Cell Rep . 2019;26(13):3643–3656.e3647. doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.088 30917318
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang B , Tang J , Liao D , et al. Chromobox homolog 4 is correlated with prognosis and tumor cell growth in hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol . 2013;20(S3):S684–692. doi:10.1245/s10434-013-3171-7 23943028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang J , Cheng D , Zhu B , et al. Chromobox homolog 4 is positively correlated to tumor growth, survival and activation of HIF-1α signaling in human osteosarcoma under normoxic condition. J Cancer . 2016;7(4):427–435. doi:10.7150/jca.13749 26918056
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeng JS , Zhang ZD , Pei L , et al. CBX4 exhibits oncogenic activities in breast cancer via Notch1 signaling. Int J Biochem Cell Biol . 2018;95:1–8. doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2017.12.006 29229426
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang W , Shen G , Zhang Y , et al. Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting the survival of patients with non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma after curative treatment. Chin J Cancer . 2016;35(1):98. doi:10.1186/s40880-016-0160-9 27887636
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lee HH , Wang YN , Xia W , et al. Removal of N-linked glycosylation enhances PD-L1 detection and predicts anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapeutic efficacy. Cancer Cell . 2019;36(2):168–178.e164. doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2019.06.008 31327656
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu J , Qiu H , Cai M , et al. Low cyclin F expression in hepatocellular carcinoma associates with poor differentiation and unfavorable prognosis. Cancer Sci . 2013;104(4):508–515. doi:10.1111/cas.12100 23305207
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang SQ , Pan SM , Liang SX , et al. Research status and prospects of biomarkers for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the era of high‑throughput omics (review). Int J Oncol . 2021;58(4):1–12. doi:10.3892/ijo.2021.5188 33649821
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lam WKJ , Chan KCA , Lo YMD . Plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA as an archetypal circulating tumour DNA marker. J Pathol . 2019;247(5):641–649. doi:10.1002/path.5249 30714167
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsang CM , Lui VWY , Bruce JP , et al. Translational genomics of nasopharyngeal cancer. Semin Cancer Biol . 2020;61:84–100. doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.09.006 31521748
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kagey MH , Melhuish TA , Wotton D . The polycomb protein Pc2 is a SUMO E3. Cell . 2003;113(1):127–137. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00159-4 12679040
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wotton D , Merrill JC . Pc2 and SUMOylation. Biochem Soc Trans . 2007;35(6):1401–1404. doi:10.1042/BST0351401 18031231
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Wijnen AJ , Bagheri L , Badreldin AA , et al. Biological functions of chromobox (CBX) proteins in stem cell self-renewal, lineage-commitment, cancer and development. Bone . 2021;143:115659. doi:10.1016/j.bone.2020.115659 32979540
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li J , Xu Y , Long XD , et al. Cbx4 governs HIF-1α to potentiate angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma by its SUMO E3 ligase activity. Cancer Cell . 2014;25(1):118–131. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2013.12.008 24434214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiao HK , Xu Y , Li J , et al. Prognostic significance of Cbx4 expression and its beneficial effect for transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis . 2015;6(3):e1689. doi:10.1038/cddis.2015.57 25766328
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Y , Du J , Wang Y , et al. MicroRNA-497-5p induces cell cycle arrest of cervical cancer cells in S phase by targeting CBX4. Onco Targets Ther . 2019;12:10535–10545. doi:10.2147/OTT.S210059 31849480
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu M , HuiKe J , Wei W , et al. Polycomb chromobox 4 enhances migration and pulmonary metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cell line MHCC97L. Sci China Life Sci . 2014;57(6):610–617. doi:10.1007/s11427-014-4663-9 24838576
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu C , Zhang Q , Tang Q , et al. CBX4 promotes the proliferation and metastasis via regulating BMI-1 in lung cancer. J Cell Mol Med . 2020;24(1):618–631. doi:10.1111/jcmm.14771 31724308
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Z , Fang Z , Chen G , et al. Chromobox 4 facilitates tumorigenesis of lung adenocarcinoma through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Neoplasia . 2021;23(2):222–233. doi:10.1016/j.neo.2020.12.005 33387960
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang X , Li L , Wu Y , et al. CBX4 suppresses metastasis via recruitment of HDAC3 to the Runx2 promoter in colorectal carcinoma. Cancer Res . 2016;76(24):7277–7289. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-2100 27864346
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang X , Qin G , Liang X , et al. Targeting the CK1α/CBX4 axis for metastasis in osteosarcoma. Nat Commun . 2020;11(1):1141. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-14870-4 32111827
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanyal S , Mondal P , Sen S , et al. SUMO E3 ligase CBX4 regulates hTERT-mediated transcription of CDH1 and promotes breast cancer cell migration and invasion. Biochem J . 2020;477(19):3803–3818. doi:10.1042/BCJ20200359 32926159
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng Z , Qiu K , Huang W . Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) RAMS11 promotes metastatis and cell growth of prostate cancer by CBX4 complex binding to Top2α. Cancer Manag Res . 2021;13:913–923. doi:10.2147/CMAR.S270144 33564266
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao W , Ma B , Tian Z , et al. Inhibiting CBX4 efficiently protects hepatocellular carcinoma cells against sorafenib resistance. Br J Cancer . 2021;124(7):1237–1248. doi:10.1038/s41416-020-01240-6 33473171
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu J , Li L , Tong J , et al. Targeting the polycomb repressive complex-2 related proteins with novel combinational strategies for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res . 2020;10(10):3267–3284.33163269
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar