Improvement of outcomes of an escalated high‐dose methotrexate-based regimen for patients with newly diagnosed primary central nervous system lymphoma: a real-world cohort study

References

• Qian L, Tomuleasa C, Florian IA, et al. Advances in the treatment of newly diagnosed primary central nervous system lymphomas. Blood Res. 2017;52(3):159–166.29043230
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dolecek TA, Propp JM, Stroup NE, et al. CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2005–2009. Neuro Oncol. 2012;14(Suppl 5):v1–v49.23095881
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lapointe S, Perry A, Butowski NA. Primary brain tumours in adults. Lancet. 2018;392(10145):432–446.30060998
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seidel S, Schlegel U. Have treatment protocols for primary CNS lymphoma advanced in the past 10 years. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2019;19(10):909–915.31594423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jahr G, Da Broi M, Holte H, et al. The role of surgery in intracranial PCNSL. Neurosurg Rev. 2018;41(4):1037–1044.29383600
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirono S, Iwadate Y, Higuchi Y, et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery in combination with up-front high-dose methotrexate as a first-line treatment for newly diagnosed primary central nervous system lymphoma. J Neurooncol. 2015;123(2):237–244.25911295
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Meulen M, Dirven L, Habets EJJ, et al. Cognitive functioning and health-related quality of life in patients with newly diagnosed primary CNS lymphoma: a systematic review. Lancet Oncol. 2018;19(8):e407–e418.30102235
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herrlinger U, Schäfer N, Fimmers R, et al. Early whole brain radiotherapy in primary CNS lymphoma: negative impact on quality of life in the randomized G-PCNSL-SG1 trial. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2017;143(9):1815–1821.28434043
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Correa DD, Braun E, Kryza-Lacombe M, et al. Longitudinal cognitive assessment in patients with primary CNS lymphoma treated with induction chemotherapy followed by reduced-dose whole-brain radiotherapy or autologous stem cell transplantation. J Neuro-oncol. 2019;144(3):553–562.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shapiro WR, Young DF, Mehta BM. Methotrexate: distribution in cerebrospinal fluid after intravenous, ventricular and lumbar injections. N Engl J Med. 1975;293(4):161–166.806016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holdhoff M, Mrugala MM, Grommes C, et al. Challenges in the treatment of newly diagnosed and recurrent primary central nervous system lymphoma. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2020;18(11):1571–1578.33152700
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferreri AJM, Cwynarski K, Pulczynski E, et al. Chemoimmunotherapy with methotrexate, cytarabine, thiotepa, and rituximab (MATRix regimen) in patients with primary CNS lymphoma: results of the first randomisation of the International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group-32 (IELSG32) Phase 2 trial. Lancet Haematol. 2016;3(5):e217–e227.27132696
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fox CP, Phillips EH, Smith J, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of primary central nervous system diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Br J Haematol. 2019;184(3):348–363.30467845
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joerger M, Ferreri AJ, Krahenbuhl S, et al. Dosing algorithm to target a predefined AUC in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma receiving high dose methotrexate. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2012;73(2):240–247.21838788
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joerger M, Huitema AD, Krahenbuhl S, et al. Methotrexate area under the curve is an important outcome predictor in patients with primary CNS lymphoma: a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis from the IELSG no 20 trial. Br J Cancer. 2010;102(4):673–677.20125159
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferreri AJM, Blay JY, Reni M, et al. Prognostic scoring system for primary CNS lymphomas: the International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group experience. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21(2):266–272.12525518
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Central Nervous System Cancers (Version 1.2021). Available from: https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/cns.pdf. Accessed June 4, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Shiels MS, Pfeiffer RM, Besson C, et al. Trends in primary central nervous system lymphoma incidence and survival in the U.S. Br J Haematol. 2016;174(3):417–424.27018254
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farrall AL, Smith JR. Changing incidence and survival of primary central nervous system lymphoma in Australia: a 33-year national population-based study. Cancers. 2021;13(3):403.33499081
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schaff LR, Grommes C. Updates on primary central nervous system lymphoma. Curr Oncol Rep. 2018;20(2):11.29492682
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grommes C, Rubenstein JL, DeAngelis LM, et al. Comprehensive approach to diagnosis and treatment of newly diagnosed primary CNS lymphoma. Neuro Oncol. 2019;21(3):296–305.30418592
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doolittle ND, Korfel A, Lubow MA, et al. Long-term cognitive function, neuroimaging, and quality of life in primary CNS lymphoma. Neurology. 2013;81(1):84–92.23685932
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schlegel U, Korfel A. Is whole-brain radiotherapy still a standard treatment for primary central nervous system lymphomas? Curr Opin Neurol. 2018;31(6):733–739.30300241
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song J, Samant R, Jay M, et al. Whole brain radiotherapy improves survival outcomes in primary CNS lymphoma patients ineligible for systemic therapy. Support Care Cancer. 2020;28(11):5363–5369.32140974
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi YS. Recent advances in the management of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Blood Res. 2020;55(S1):S58–S62.32719178
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reni M, Ferreri AJ, Guha-Thakurta N, et al. Clinical relevance of consolidation radiotherapy and other main therapeutic issues in primary central nervous system lymphomas treated with upfront high-dose methotrexate. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001;51(2):419–425.11567816
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Batchelor T, Carson K, O’Neill A, et al. Treatment of primary CNS lymphoma with methotrexate and deferred radiotherapy: a report of NABTT 96-07. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21(6):1044–1049.12637469
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herrlinger U, Kuker W, Uhl M, et al. NOA-03 trial of high-dose methotrexate in primary central nervous system lymphoma: final report. Ann Neurol. 2005;57(6):843–847.15929034
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herrlinger U, Schabet M, Brugger W, et al. German cancer society neuro-oncology working group NOA-03 multicenter trial of single-agent high-dose methotrexate for primary central nervous system lymphoma. Ann Neurol. 2002;51(2):247–252.11835382
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez-Calle N, Poynton E, Alchawaf A, et al. Outcomes of older patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma treated in routine clinical practice in the UK: methotrexate dose intensity correlates with response and survival. Br J Haematol. 2020;190(3):394–404.32232989
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar