Circulating miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy

References

• Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2020. CA Cancer J Clin. 2020;70(1):7–30. doi:10.3322/caac.2159031912902
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halperin EC. Perez & Brady’s Principles and Practice of Radiation Oncology. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Huang RX, Zhou PK. DNA damage response signaling pathways and targets for radiotherapy sensitization in cancer. Signal Transduction Targeted Ther. 2020;5(1):60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srinivas US, Tan BWQ, Vellayappan BA, Jeyasekharan AD. ROS and the DNA damage response in cancer. Redox Biol. 2019;25:101084. doi:10.1016/j.redox.2018.10108430612957
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Redza-Dutordoir M, Averill-Bates DA. Activation of apoptosis signalling pathways by reactive oxygen species. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016;1863(12):2977–2992. doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.09.01227646922
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chatterjee P, Choudhary GS, Sharma A, et al. PARP inhibition sensitizes to low dose-rate radiation TMPRSS2-ERG fusion gene-expressing and PTEN-deficient prostate cancer cells. PLoS One. 2013;8(4):e60408. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.006040823565244
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biau J, Chautard E, Verrelle P, Dutreix M. Altering DNA repair to improve radiation therapy: specific and multiple pathway targeting. Front Oncol. 2019;9:1009. doi:10.3389/fonc.2019.0100931649878
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan M, Ahmed KM, Coleman MC, Spitz DR, Li JJ. Nuclear factor-kappaB and manganese superoxide dismutase mediate adaptive radioresistance in low-dose irradiated mouse skin epithelial cells. Cancer Res. 2007;67(7):3220–3228. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-272817409430
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skvortsova I, Skvortsov S, Stasyk T, et al. Intracellular signaling pathways regulating radioresistance of human prostate carcinoma cells. Proteomics. 2008;8(21):4521–4533. doi:10.1002/pmic.20080011318821526
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee SY, Jeong EK, Ju MK, et al. Induction of metastasis, cancer stem cell phenotype, and oncogenic metabolism in cancer cells by ionizing radiation. Mol Cancer. 2017;16(1):10.28137309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopes Vendrami C, McCarthy RJ, Chatterjee A, et al. The utility of prostate specific antigen density, prostate health index, and prostate health index density in predicting positive prostate biopsy outcome is dependent on the prostate biopsy methods. Urology. 2019;129:153–159. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2019.03.01830926382
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaw GL, Thomas BC, Dawson SN, et al. Identification of pathologically insignificant prostate cancer is not accurate in unscreened men. Br J Cancer. 2014;110(10):2405–2411. doi:10.1038/bjc.2014.19224722183
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vishnoi A, Rani S. MiRNA biogenesis and regulation of diseases: an overview. Methods Mol Biol. 2017;1509:1–10.27826912
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bartel DP. MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function. Cell. 2004;116(2):281–297. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(04)00045-514744438
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iorio MV, Croce CM. MicroRNA dysregulation in cancer: diagnostics, monitoring and therapeutics. A comprehensive review. EMBO Mol Med. 2012;4(3):143–159. doi:10.1002/emmm.20110020922351564
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tzimagiorgis G, Michailidou EZ, Kritis A, Markopoulos AK, Kouidou S. Recovering circulating extracellular or cell-free RNA from bodily fluids. Cancer Epidemiol. 2011;35(6):580–589. doi:10.1016/j.canep.2011.02.01621514265
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bertoli G, Cava C, Castiglioni I. MicroRNAs: new biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, therapy prediction and therapeutic tools for breast cancer. Theranostics. 2015;5(10):1122–1143. doi:10.7150/thno.1154326199650
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Labbé M, Hoey C, Ray J, et al. microRNAs identified in prostate cancer: correlative studies on response to ionizing radiation. Mol Cancer. 2020;19(1):63. doi:10.1186/s12943-020-01186-632293453
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Lieberman R, Pan J, et al. miR-375 induces docetaxel resistance in prostate cancer by targeting SEC23A and YAP1. Mol Cancer. 2016;15(1):70. doi:10.1186/s12943-016-0556-927832783
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melbø-Jørgensen C, Ness N, Andersen S, et al. Stromal expression of MiR-21 predicts biochemical failure in prostate cancer patients with Gleason score 6. PLoS One. 2014;9(11):e113039. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.011303925401698
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hudson RS, Yi M, Esposito D, et al. MicroRNA-106b-25 cluster expression is associated with early disease recurrence and targets caspase-7 and focal adhesion in human prostate cancer. Oncogene. 2013;32(35):4139–4147. doi:10.1038/onc.2012.42422986525
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonzales JC, Fink LM, Goodman OB Jr, Symanowski JT, Vogelzang NJ, Ward DC. Comparison of circulating MicroRNA 141 to circulating tumor cells, lactate dehydrogenase, and prostate-specific antigen for determining treatment response in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2011;9(1):39–45. doi:10.1016/j.clgc.2011.05.00821723797
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hummel R, Hussey DJ, Haier J. MicroRNAs: predictors and modifiers of chemo- and radiotherapy in different tumour types. Eur J Cancer. 2010;46(2):298–311. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2009.10.02719948396
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDermott N, Meunier A, Wong S, Buchete V, Marignol L. Profiling of a panel of radioresistant prostate cancer cells identifies deregulation of key miRNAs. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol. 2017;2:63–68. doi:10.1016/j.ctro.2017.01.00529658003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu B, Wang X, Hu S, et al. miR-21-mediated radioresistance occurs via promoting repair of DNA double strand breaks. J Biol Chem. 2017;292(8):3531–3540. doi:10.1074/jbc.M116.77239228096467
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bao B, Ahmad A, Kong D, et al. Hypoxia induced aggressiveness of prostate cancer cells is linked with deregulated expression of VEGF, IL-6 and miRNAs that are attenuated by CDF. PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e43726. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.004372622952749
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pashaei E, Pashaei E, Ahmady M, Ozen M, Aydin N. Meta-analysis of miRNA expression profiles for prostate cancer recurrence following radical prostatectomy. PLoS One. 2017;12(6):e0179543. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.017954328651018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen PL, Haddad Z, Ross AE, et al. Ability of a genomic classifier to predict metastasis and prostate cancer-specific mortality after radiation or surgery based on needle biopsy specimens. Eur Urol. 2017;72(5):845–852. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2017.05.00928528811
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cookson MS, Aus G, Burnett AL, et al. Variation in the definition of biochemical recurrence in patients treated for localized prostate cancer: the American Urological Association prostate guidelines for localized prostate cancer update panel report and recommendations for a standard in the reporting of surgical outcomes. J Urol. 2007;177(2):540–545.17222629
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roach M 3rd, Hanks G, Thames H Jr, et al. Defining biochemical failure following radiotherapy with or without hormonal therapy in men with clinically localized prostate cancer: recommendations of the RTOG-ASTRO phoenix consensus conference. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;65(4):965–974. doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.04.02916798415
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker C, Castro E, Fizazi K, et al. Prostate cancer: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2020;31(9):1119–1134. doi:10.1016/j.annonc.2020.06.01132593798
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’Amico AV, Whittington R, Malkowicz SB, et al. Biochemical outcome after radical prostatectomy, external beam radiation therapy, or interstitial radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer. JAMA. 1998;280(11):969–974. doi:10.1001/jama.280.11.9699749478
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method. Methods. 2001;25(4):402–408. doi:10.1006/meth.2001.126211846609
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vlachos IS, Paraskevopoulou MD, Karagkouni D, et al. DIANA-TarBase v7.0: indexing more than half a million experimentally supported miRNA:mRNA interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2015;43(Database issue):D153–159. doi:10.1093/nar/gku121525416803
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reimand J, Kull M, Peterson H, Hansen J, Vilo J. g:Profiler–a web-based toolset for functional profiling of gene lists from large-scale experiments. Nucleic Acids Res. 2007;35(Web Server issue):W193–W200. doi:10.1093/nar/gkm22617478515
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franceschini A, Szklarczyk D, Frankild S, et al. STRING v9.1: protein-protein interaction networks, with increased coverage and integration. Nucleic Acids Res. 2013;41(Database issue):D808–815. doi:10.1093/nar/gks109423203871
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bautista-Sánchez D, Arriaga-Canon C, Pedroza-Torres A, et al. The promising role of miR-21 as a cancer biomarker and its importance in RNA-based therapeutics. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2020;20:409–420. doi:10.1016/j.omtn.2020.03.00332244168
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ribas J, Lupold SE. The transcriptional regulation of miR-21, its multiple transcripts, and their implication in prostate cancer. Cell Cycle. 2010;9(5):923–929. doi:10.4161/cc.9.5.1093020160498
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ribas J, Ni X, Haffner M, et al. miR-21: an androgen receptor-regulated microRNA that promotes hormone-dependent and hormone-independent prostate cancer growth. Cancer Res. 2009;69(18):7165–7169. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-144819738047
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang Y, Guo JX, Shao ZQ. miR-21 targets and inhibits tumor suppressor gene PTEN to promote prostate cancer cell proliferation and invasion: an experimental study. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2017;10(1):87–91. doi:10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.09.01128107872
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li T, Li D, Sha J, Sun P, Huang Y. MicroRNA-21 directly targets MARCKS and promotes apoptosis resistance and invasion in prostate cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009;383(3):280–285. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.03.07719302977
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghorbanmehr N, Gharbi S, Korsching E, Tavallaei M, Einollahi B, Mowla SJ. miR-21-5p, miR-141-3p, and miR-205-5p levels in urine-promising biomarkers for the identification of prostate and bladder cancer. Prostate. 2019;79(1):88–95. doi:10.1002/pros.2371430194772
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yaman Agaoglu F, Kovancilar M, Dizdar Y, et al. Investigation of miR-21, miR-141, and miR-221 in blood circulation of patients with prostate cancer. Tumour Biol. 2011;32(3):583–588. doi:10.1007/s13277-011-0154-921274675
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang HL, Yang LF, Zhu Y, et al. Serum miRNA-21: elevated levels in patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer and potential predictive factor for the efficacy of docetaxel-based chemotherapy. Prostate. 2011;71(3):326–331. doi:10.1002/pros.2124620842666
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li T, Li RS, Li YH, et al. miR-21 as an independent biochemical recurrence predictor and potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer. J Urol. 2012;187(4):1466–1472. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2011.11.08222341810
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang H, Studach L, Hullinger RL, Xie J, Andrisani OM. Down-regulation of RE-1 silencing transcription factor (REST) in advanced prostate cancer by hypoxia-induced miR-106b~25. Exp Cell Res. 2014;320(2):188–199. doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.09.02024135225
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang C, Dou R, Yin T, Ding J. MiRNA-106b-5p in human cancers: diverse functions and promising biomarker. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020;127:110211. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.11021132422566
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yin W, Chen J, Wang G, Zhang D. MicroRNA106b functions as an oncogene and regulates tumor viability and metastasis by targeting LARP4B in prostate cancer. Mol Med Rep. 2019;20(2):951–958.31173237
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi N, Park J, Lee JS, et al. miR-93/miR-106b/miR-375-CIC-CRABP1: a novel regulatory axis in prostate cancer progression. Oncotarget. 2015;6(27):23533–23547. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.437226124181
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Li B, Shi XB, Nori D, et al. Down-regulation of microRNA 106b is involved in p21-mediated cell cycle arrest in response to radiation in prostate cancer cells. Prostate. 2011;71(6):567–574. doi:10.1002/pros.2127220878953
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng L, Zhang Y, Liu Y, et al. MiR-106b induces cell radioresistance via the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathways and p21 in colorectal cancer. J Transl Med. 2015;13:252. doi:10.1186/s12967-015-0592-z26238857
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao J, Liu L, Li G, et al. LncRNA GAS5 confers the radio sensitivity of cervical cancer cells via regulating miR-106b/IER3 axis. Int J Biol Macromol. 2019;126:994–1001. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.17630579899
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filella X, Foj L. miRNAs as novel biomarkers in the management of prostate cancer. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2017;55(5):715–736. doi:10.1515/cclm-2015-107326751899
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanwal R, Plaga AR, Liu X, Shukla GC, Gupta S. MicroRNAs in prostate cancer: functional role as biomarkers. Cancer Lett. 2017;407:9–20. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2017.08.01128823964
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brase JC, Johannes M, Schlomm T, et al. Circulating miRNAs are correlated with tumor progression in prostate cancer. Int J Cancer. 2011;128(3):608–616. doi:10.1002/ijc.2537620473869
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Furth N, Aylon Y, Oren M. p53 shades of Hippo. Cell Death Differ. 2018;25(1):81–92. doi:10.1038/cdd.2017.16328984872
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reinhardt HC, Schumacher B. The p53 network: cellular and systemic DNA damage responses in aging and cancer. TIG. 2012;28(3):128–136. doi:10.1016/j.tig.2011.12.00222265392
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pefani DE, O’Neill E. Hippo pathway and protection of genome stability in response to DNA damage. FEBS J. 2016;283(8):1392–1403. doi:10.1111/febs.1360426607675
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griñán-Lisón C, Olivares-Urbano MA, Jiménez G, et al. miRNAs as radio-response biomarkers for breast cancer stem cells. Mol Oncol. 2020;14(3):556–570. doi:10.1002/1878-0261.1263531930680
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang S, Wang R, Yan H, Jin L, Dou X, Chen D. MicroRNA-21 modulates radiation resistance through upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α-promoted glycolysis in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Mol Med Rep. 2016;13(5):4101–4107. doi:10.3892/mmr.2016.501027035555
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang J, Zhang C, Hu L, et al. Abnormal expression of miR-21 and miR-95 in cancer stem-like cells is associated with radioresistance of lung cancer. Cancer Invest. 2015;33(5):165–171. doi:10.3109/07357907.2015.101967625831148
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang L-P, He C-Y, Zhu Z-T. Role of microRNA-21 in radiosensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer cells by targeting PDCD4 gene. Oncotarget. 2017;8(14):23675–23689. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.1564428423589
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Huang S, Li XQ, Chen X, Che SM, Chen W, Zhang XZ. Inhibition of microRNA-21 increases radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer cells through phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 activation. Dis Esophagus. 2013;26(8):823–831. doi:10.1111/j.1442-2050.2012.01389.x22958183
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gwak HS, Kim TH, Jo GH, et al. Silencing of microRNA-21 confers radio-sensitivity through inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway and enhancing autophagy in malignant glioma cell lines. PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e47449. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.004744923077620
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chao TF, Xiong HH, Liu W, Chen Y, Zhang JX. MiR-21 mediates the radiation resistance of glioblastoma cells by regulating PDCD4 and hMSH2. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technol Med Sci. 2013;33(4):525–529. doi:10.1007/s11596-013-1153-4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tang S, Liu B, Liu M, et al. Ionizing radiation-induced growth in soft agar is associated with miR-21 upregulation in wild-type and DNA double strand break repair deficient cells. DNA Repair (Amst). 2019;78:37–44. doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.03.01230954901
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonald JS, Milosevic D, Reddi HV, Grebe SK, Algeciras-Schimnich A. Analysis of circulating microRNA: preanalytical and analytical challenges. Clin Chem. 2011;57(6):833–840. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2010.15719821487102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar